CET210 Concrete Wiki Assignment

1. CET 210 Concrete Wiki Assignment
David Shofstahl
Fall 2014
Old Dominion University
The following pages demonstrate many various local concrete applications in my area.
Concrete

2. Concrete Flatwork
New sidewalk at Warren Hall at Dabney S. Lancaster Community College
The surface was trowel finished and broomed for a course, combed texture to improve traction.
Grooves were tooled into the uncured concrete to create intentional weakness to control natural cracking.

3. Virginia Welcome Center, Interstate 64, mile marker 2
The main approach is finished with raised aggregate which provides an attractive finish with additional traction.
Control joints are cut wide and filled with flexible, polyurethane sealant.

4. Garage floor at A&C Auto Repair, Clifton Forge, VA
This floor was finished with a hard, smooth surface and coated with epoxy to withstand chemicals, scratches, and other abuses.
Control joints are sawn narrow and unfilled.

5. Outdoor patio at Rockbridge Alum Springs Young Life Camp in Goshen, Virginia
Pigments added to the concrete mix and additional color-treatment during the stamping process enhances the texture.
½” isolation board separates the slab from the masonry seat- wall, preventing damage by absorbing subtle movements from expansion and contraction of the slab.

6. Cast-in-place Concrete
This concrete tunnel on Harts Run Road near White Sulphur Springs, WV allows traffic to go under the intersecting railroad through its foundation.
Also notice the concrete retaining wall that supports the road beside the creek.
These structures were formed on site and poured.
This concrete dam controls storm water run-off on a mountain side at the Greenbrier Resort in White Sulphur Springs, WV. The walls were formed in place to fit the contour of the land. The soil behind the dam is stabilized with large which are locked in place with shotcrete.

7. This concrete retaining wall alongside East Riverside St. in Covington, VA was formed and cast in place. Notice the pipes located near the bottom of the wall. These provide through-wall drainage of any static groundwater to reduce hydraulic back-pressure against the wall.
Concrete is used extensively on highway bridge work. The concrete columns of this I- 64 overpass at mile marker 24 in Clifton Forge, VA were formed and poured in place.

8. The concrete smokestack at Mead-Westvaco in Covington, VA was constructed with slip-form methods. I am told that during construction the builders completed an average of 1 ring every day. This included releasing and raising the forms, setting the steel reinforcement, and pumping and pouring approximately 32 yards of concrete.
This stock Google image shows the immensity of the towering smokestack in proportion to the city of Covington.

9. This CMU retaining wall at a private residence on the golf course at the Greenbrier is re- inforced with rebar and cast- in-place high-strength grout.
This cast-in-place smoke chamber for a wood-burning fireplace in a house at the Glade Springs Resort near Beckley, WV is made of refractory concrete that is modified with dry milled fire clay. Inswol ceramic wool insulation issolates the unit from the masonry rough-in to allow for thermal expansion and hear protection.

10. Shotcrete
This water feature at a residence in the Greenbrier was built in an existing creek on a shotcrete foundation. After the pool was excavated, workers assembled the steel reinforcement and applied the shotcrete. Dry Portland cement and sand are delivered through a hose with compressed air while water is added at the nozzle as it is sprayed into place. The mix is applied in multiple passes and contoured to shape with hand tools. The finished product is very hard and durable.

11. Precast Concrete
These column caps at the Greenbrier Sporting Club in White Sulphur Springs, WV are precast concrete. For some custom shapes and applications, precast concrete offers a cheaper alternative to natural stone
This custom mantle in a house at the Greenbrier Sporting Club was originally priced for hand-cut limestone at nearly $50,000.00. A precast manufacturer in Texas produced this unit for less than $4,000.00. Clearly, precast concrete has price-point advantages over natural stone!

12. Ornamental precast concrete is observed all around us! Here is a concrete picnic table at Dabney S. Lancaster Community College.
When I bought this precast concrete garden gnome from Black Dog Architectural Salvage in Roanoke, VA, it was gray and ugly, weighing over 100 pounds. It was a family adventure finding him a personality and getting him painted and moved to the garden.