Slide-2 “Rise of sea- why and how?” Slide-3 All of us know that the sea level is rising. Countries including Bangladesh and many other small island countries are under threat. The wetlands of these states go under water every year and the area of such lands is increasing day by day. To stop this rising, we need to how it is happening? What are the reasons that trigger the rise of sea level? And this is the goal of my today’s presentation, to show you the reasons of sea-level rise. Slide-5 According to NOAA, sea water rises by 0.12 inches every year since 1992 which was 0.04 to 0.1 inches since 1900. It definitely is an alarm to us. Slide-6 Global warming is the main reason we know but it is the base reason; there some factors that lead to the rise of sea. Of many factors, mainly there are 4 that cause sea-level rise most and they are- 1. Thermal Expansion 2. Melting Polar Ice Caps 3. Ice loss from Greenland 4. Extraction of Groundwater Slide-6 Thermal Expansion It is the tendency of matter to change in volume in response to a change in temperature. Due to Global Warming sea water gets tempered. When it receives the heat, it expands and the expansion eventually leads to sea-level rise. About half of the past century’s rise in sea level is likely to warmer oceans taking over more space. Slide-7 Now, Melting of Polar Ice Caps….it basically happens because of Global Warming. Here’s a statistics made by NASA and NOAA on surface air temperature From 1881-1890 surface air temperature was 13.68 Celsius, it gradually increased and in year ranging from 2001-2010 it reached 14.47 Celsius. Like the surface air, the overall temperature has increased. Slide-8 Now I will show you how it causes sea-level rise as well as flooding of land. As the temperature goes up, Ice caps melt down and mix into oceans and seas which leads to increase in sea water and results in flooding of coastal and wetlands. Slide-9 Here’s news in of UN in 2012, between March and September 4.7 million square miles which is larger than the size of the Continental United States- melted. A picture of earth u can see here on the left side shows the area of polar ice. The picture was animated by NASA We can see that the area of polar ice had a sufficient area in year 1980, but just 42 year later in 2012, almost half of the total area gone!! So now you can imagine how fast it is melting down! Slide-11 The third factor, Ice loss from Greenland and Antarctica; Due to same reason, Global warming, ice of Greenland is melting at an alarming pace. The picture on the slide shows a report of NASA which states that from 2004-2007 the amount of ice melted in Greenland is equivalent to its 14 states. Slide-12 Furthermore, scientists believe that increased sea temperature is affecting the ice shelves of Antarctica. According to NOAA, as the sea becomes warmer the ice shelves are affected as they melt from below, become

1. Welcome

2. Rise of Sea
Why and How ?
Presented by
Sheikh Asif Imtiaz

3. • Sea-level is going up!
• States are under threat !

4. GOAL OF THIS PRESENTATION
To show the reasons of sea-level rise (And its impacts as
well)

5. RISE OF SEA
EVERY YEAR
According to NOAA,
• 0.12 inches since 1992
• Which was 0.04 to 0.1 since 1900

6. Why and How it is rising ?
FOUR MAJOR REASONS
• Thermal Expansion
• Melting of Polar Ice Caps
• Ice Loss from Greenland and Antarctica
• Extraction of Groundwater

7. Thermal Expansion
Rise of
Temperature
Reception of
heat
Expansion of
Water
Rise of Sea

8. Melting of Polar Ice Caps
(Decadal surface-air temperature (°C) via average of datasets maintained by
the NOAA and NASA.)

9. Melting of Polar Ice Caps Contd.

10. Melting of Polar Ice Caps Contd.
UN’s Report of 2012:
Between March and September
about 4.7 million square miles of
ice surface- melted
Larger than the size of Continental
US

11. Ice loss from Greenland and Antarctica

12. Ice Loss from Greenland and Antarctica Contd.
Rise of
Temperature
Affects
Ice
Shelves
Melts
from
Below
Becomes
Weak
Break down
How Ice shelves of Antarctica Breakdown
Information Source: NOAA

13. Extraction of Groundwater
• Can it be linked with sea-level rise??
• Researches done by Utrecht University and
IGRAC found such relation!

14. Extraction of Groundwater Contd.
Use of Groundwater in different purposes by Global
Water Forum

15. IMPACTS
Flood of lands

16. Loss of wetland
Area of Coastal & Wetlands in Mexico in past years and assumed
condition in future (source: US Environmental Protection Agency

17. Loss of
Biodiversity

18. River Erosion

19. Conclusion SOURCE: ECSP AND IPCC
•Two-third of Bangladesh is
less than 5 meters above
Sea-level
•Increase of Sea-level may
cause loss of nearly 40%
productive land

20. THANK YOU EVERYONE!
&

21. Any Questions ?