1. During the Krebs cycle, isocitrate is a. reduced and dehydrogenated b. oxidized and decarboxylated c. hydrated and aminated d. oxidized and reduced 2. Succinate is transformed into oxaloacetate by a series of _______ reactions. a. oxidation and hydration b. reduction and dehydration c. phophorylation and oxidation d. phosphorylation and dehydration 3. What is the fate of pyruvic acid in an organism that uses aerobic respiration? a. It is oxidized in the electron transport chain. b. It is decarboxylated and oxidized in the Transition reaction. c. It is decarboxylated and reduced in the Transition Reaction. d. It is catabolized in glycolysis. e. It is reduced to lactic acid during fermentation. 4. Enzymes are a. energy units b. carbohydrates c. amino acids d. catalysts e. structural proteins 5. Aerobic respiration differs from anaerobic respiration in which of the following respects? a. anaerobic respiration is fermentation b. only aerobic respiration requirs the eletron transport chain c. The final electron acceptors are different. 6. Beggiatoa bacteria get energy by _(1)___ sulfur (S 2- to S 6+ ). This means they take __(2)__ for their ETS. a. 1-reducing; 2-protons b. 1-oxidizing; 2-protons c. 1-reducing; 2-electrons d. 1-oxidizing; 2-electrons 7. An enzyme in the Krebs cycle, citrate synthase, is inhibited by ATP; this is an example of a. Feedback inhibition. b. Noncompetitive inhibition. c. Turnover rate. d. Competitive inhibition. e. Allosteric inhibition. 8. Aerobic respiration, anaerobic respiration, and fermentation which: a. are endergonic pathways. b. release free energy. c. require oxygen. d. are anabolic reactions .

1. 1. During the Krebs cycle, isocitrate is
a. reduced and dehydrogenated
b. oxidized and decarboxylated
c. hydrated and aminated
d. oxidized and reduced
2. Succinate is transformed into oxaloacetate by a series of _______ reactions.
a. oxidation and hydration
b. reduction and dehydration
c. phophorylation and oxidation
d. phosphorylation and dehydration
3. What is the fate of pyruvic acid in an organism that uses aerobic respiration?
a. It is oxidized in the electron transport chain.
b. It is decarboxylated and oxidized in the Transition reaction.
c. It is decarboxylated and reduced in the Transition Reaction.
d. It is catabolized in glycolysis.
e. It is reduced to lactic acid during fermentation.
4. Enzymes are
a. energy units
b. carbohydrates
c. amino acids
d. catalysts
e. structural proteins
5. Aerobic respiration differs from anaerobic respiration in which of the following respects?

2. a. anaerobic respiration is fermentation
b. only aerobic respiration requirs the eletron transport chain
c. The final electron acceptors are different.
6. Beggiatoa bacteria get energy by _(1)___ sulfur (S 2-
to S 6+
). This means they take __(2)__
for their ETS.
a. 1-reducing; 2-protons
b. 1-oxidizing; 2-protons
c. 1-reducing; 2-electrons
d. 1-oxidizing; 2-electrons
7. An enzyme in the Krebs cycle, citrate synthase, is inhibited by ATP; this is an example of
a. Feedback inhibition.
b. Noncompetitive inhibition.
c. Turnover rate.
d. Competitive inhibition.
e. Allosteric inhibition.
8. Aerobic respiration, anaerobic respiration, and fermentation which:
a. are endergonic pathways.
b. release free energy.
c. require oxygen.
d. are anabolic reactions