1. CONSTRUCTED LANDSCAPE
FINAL PROJECT
LANDSCAPE PROJECT
90 DEGREES
Intake: FNBE 0414
Lecturer: Mr Lee Cherng Yih
Group Members:
Christina Ng Sue Li
Karolina Bondarenko
Lim Joe Onn
Naim Ariffin
Ong Eu Xuan
Sonia Mancxia
Tan Jia Yi

2. CONTENTS
 Introduction
 Site Analysis
 Concept
 Master Plan
 Planting Plan
 Costing
 Construction Details
 Maintenance Plan

3. INTRODUCTION
In this project, we are assigned to conduct a landscape project in the campus. The campus
is in need of green spaces to balance the concrete and the greens.
The site need not to be more than 10m X 10m. We have selected the site in front of the
library which is near the stairs. It is a walkway to Block D. Researches and analyses were
conducted to understand the site and the needs of it. We are to show a master plan and also
propose a planting plan for the site. The costing and maintenance are also taken into
consideration. Sketches and elevations were drawn for a better understanding of the reason
we proposed site.
The site is named ‘90 DEGREES’ due to the fact that our site is located on the walls and
columns and not on the ground, forming a right angle with the corridor. The implementation
of our site will form vertical landscapes that provides greenery to the place.

4. SITE ANALYSIS
The site is located on the walls of the stairs and library in Block C of Taylor’s University
Lakeside Campus. It spans the 2nd and 3rd Floors of Block C. It is also adjacent to the
Tiffin café and right in front of the library entrance and is easily accessed by the walkway
in Level 2.
The library wall: The wall in front of the library entrance:

5. A. Site Specification
1. Original condition of the site
The left section of the site faces
the walkway from Block C all the
way to block E therefore there
will be many passers-by.
The wall, which is part of the
site faces the entrance of the
Library. There are some Plotted
trees to provide shades from
the sunlight during the evening.
A walkway can be seen when
facing south from the site. The
walkway connects from Block C
to Block E. Students and
lecturers pass by this area on a
frequent basis.
When facing North beneath one of the sections in our
site (The library windows), the Experimental Studio
can be seen. Students and lecturers walk through this
place to go to the Grand Hall and the Commercial
Block.

6. Photos taken from the site:
2. Circulation Patterns On Site
Second Floor

7. Third Floor
HUMAN CIRCULATION: People can access the site easily from anywhere
WIND CIRCULATION: The wind blows from every direction as our site is locate in an open
area
SUN CIRCULATION: The sun shone from the East to West with more sunlight directed to
our site during the evening but most of the time will be covered by concrete roof

8. 3. Shading on site
This small tree provide shade
during from the evening
Our site does not get much sunlight as
it is covered by the concrete ceiling
The site is comparatively not as sunny and hot as open spaces as there is a concrete
ceiling covered as shown in one of the pictures above. However, during the evening
hours, approximately 5pm to 6.30 pm, where the sun strikes at the side, the site gets
sunny and hot, causing the front section to get a little bit of sunlight. The side section
and the back section does not get much sunlight and it is covered by a concrete wall.
Therefore, more non-sun-tolerant plants should be planted throughout this area as
they could survive in a more shady setting.

9. CONCEPT:
CLASH of CONTEMPORARY and
VERTICAL GARDENS
Contemporary gardens have become a trend nowadays. It focuses on simple yet elegant
design which enhances the space given.
Contemporary gardens emphasizes on the rawness of the materials without the use of fancy
pottery and hardscape. In addition, the urban spaces are getting limited day by day, people
have found a new way to bring in greenery to the city. This can be done by developing
vertical gardens.

10. Vertical gardens is a method of planting greenery vertically instead of planting it on the
ground. In this case, creepers and planter boxes are used widely.
Taylor's University has a very modern structure which will fit well with the two concepts
above. Thus, provides the ideal garden for the campus.

11. MASTER PLAN
When people think about landscaping, they usually think about horizontal landscapes. This
project takes a different approach by doing vertical landscapes. The site is given the
name ’90 DEGREES’ as the two vertical sections in the site are at vertical angles with one
another. The walls are also placed at a 90 degree angle wih the floor.
The section on the left consists of multiple library windows. A concrete platform will be built
using reinforced concrete. It will serve as a flat surface to place three planter boxes. The
plants planted in the planter boxes are desert roses (adenium obesum) and devil’s ivy
(epipremnum aureum). The section on the right consists of a stairway that spans the first to
third floor of Block C in Taylor’s University. Two brick walls, two vertical gardens, eight
vertical metal wires and a bench made of metal net and aggregates are located in this
section.
Bubble Diagram of The Site

12. PLANTING PLAN
Elevation 1
Elevation 2

13. Planting List
Scientific Name Common Name
1 Adenium Obesum Desert Roses
2 Epipremnum Aureum Golden Queen
3 Adiantum Pedatum Five-Fingered Fern
4 Loropetalum Chinense Chinese Fringe Flower
5 Drynaria Quercifolia Oak Leaf Fern
6 Bryophya Moss
7 Tristellatia Australasae Shower of Gold Climber
Adenium Obesum Epipremnum Aureum Adiantum Pedatum
Loropetalum Chinense Adiantum Pedatum Loropetalum Chinense
Tristellateia Australasae
These plants listed above are suitable for our site as they grow well in humid tropical climates.
As the site receives little amount of sunlight and is shaded from rainfall, plants with low sunlight
and water requirements are chosen. The types of plants we have included in our site include
creeper plants (or better known as vines), ferns, and flowering plants. Three different species
of ferns are planted on the walls to produce a vertical garden. Loam soil is used as a growing
medium due to its rich nutrient content. This type of soil is easy for roots and water to penetrate
through. Moss grows naturally on the brick walls due to the damp condition of our site.

14. COSTING
ITEM DESCRIPTION UNIT QUANTITY RATE(RM) TOTAL(RM)
1 PRELIMINARIES
1.1 General site clearance of areas free from m² 100 6 600.00
major obstructions
1.2 Insurance premiums for Public Liability/
Contractor All Risks(CAR),SOCSO etc L.Sum 2000.00
1.3 Provide all costs incurred by complying with
all Safety,Health and Welfare Regulations,
pertaining to all workpeople employed on site L.Sum 2000.00
1.4 Fee/Premium for Performance Bond
(Insurance Guarantee or Bank Guarantee) L.Sum 2500.00
1.5 Mobilization L.Sum 1000.00
2 PIPE WORKS
2.1 Bed and haunching of concrete to pipe L.Sum 100.00
2.2 Poly pipe (W25mm H25mm L50000mm) L.Sum 173.50
3 HARDSCAPES
3.1 External walls-common bricks in gauged mortar
half brick thick m² 7.2 320 2304.00
3.2 Bricks and concrete platform m² 1.5 308 462.00
3.3 Steel bars(0.1m Hx 0.8m Lx 0.2m W) No 32 450 14400.00
3.4 Aggregate concrete wired bench L.Sum 1000
3.5 Planter box(0.3m Wx2.2m Lx 0.3m H) No 3 1500 4500.00
3.6 Strechable wire cable L.Sum 300.00
3.7 Pocket Vertical Garden Kit (0.3m Wx1.5m H) No 16 640 10240.00
3.8 30pockets in a set,8sets for each wall
3.9 Metal Net(7.3m L) L.Sum 12.00
SUB TOTAL 41591.50

15. ITEM DESCRIPTION UNIT QUANTITY RATE(RM) TOTAL(RM)
4 SOIL
4.1 Imported topsoil filling and compost to fill
planter boxes to height 24'' m³ 10 60 600.00
5 SOFTSCAPES
5.1 Plants
a Adenium Obesum(Desert Rose) m² 11 35 385.00
b Trollius Chinensis(Golden Queen) m² 11 15 165.00
c Tristellateia Australasiae(Galphimia Vine) m² 7 13 91.00
d Adiantum Pedatum m² 2.18 22 47.96
e Loropetalum Chinense m² 2.18 40 87.20
f Drynaria Quercifolia m² 2.18 50 109.00
6 ELECTRICAL WORKS
6.1 Spotlight No 2 80 160.00
6.2 Electrical wire L.Sum 170.00
7 MAINTENANCE PLAN FOR ONE YEAR
7.1 To provide all labours,equipment,tools,etc
and carry out maintenance for all plants
(fertilisers,replacing dead plants,etc)
for 12 months month 12 1000 12000.00
SUB TOTAL 13815.16
7 CONTINGENCIES % 5% 2770.33
GRAND TOTAL 58176.99

16. CONSTRUCTION DETAILS
Vertical Garden Planter Pockets
Semi permeable pockets will
be used to grow 3 m x 1.2 m
living walls on both columns
in the site. The pockets are
made of polyethylene
terephthalate (PET), a
synthetic plastic polyester
that has excellent wear
resistance and low
coefficient of friction, making
it easy to clean. The PET is
also an amazing material
that provides a safe growing
medium that is pH neutral
and non-reactive, making it
safe for plants to grow in it.
It also had low maintenance
cost and high quality.
These pockets are hooked onto nails on the columns
in our site using strong nylon tabs. The pockets will
be filled with loam soil, which provides sufficient
nutirents for the ferns to grow. As the pockets are
semi-permeable, water can flow through the pockets
to other plants below it while soil remains contained
in it.

17. Dimensioning of a set of pockets:
Dimensioning for a single pocket:
Three different types of plants will be planted in
the pockets, namely adiantum pedatum,
loropetalum chinense and drynaria quercifolia.
900 cubic cm / 890 g of loam soil fills up each
pocket, providing a medium for the plants to go.
Poly pipes that carry water from a water source
and excess water from the planter box will be
used to irrigate the plants from the top.

18. Diagram of two Vertical Garden Planter Pockets:

19. The Concrete Platform for the Planter Box
A 7.2 m x 0.4 m x 0.2 m concrete platform with an internal inclined plane is built below the
windows. To put it in place, 14 steel bars will be drilled into the wall to keep the concrete
platform in place. Reinforced concrete is selected as a material to build the platform as it
is strong enough.
Dimensioning of the concrete platform:
The metal net serves as a flat surface to place three planter boxes with dimensions of 2.2
m x 0.3 m x 0.3 m. Excess water from the soil in the planter boxes move through the
metal net to prevent ponding. The inclined plane directs water to a hole. The water is then
transported via a poly pipe to the vertical garden.
To make the concrete platform in tact with the wall and not pose a threat to passers-by
below, 14 pairs of steel bars are drilled into the wall below the library windows to make
the attachment firm. Bricks and concrete will cover the steel bars, completing the
platform.
Materials used for constructing the concrete platform:
Metal net Steel bars Bricks Concrete

20. The colour of the three planter boxes placed on top of the metal net is black so that it
does not look filthy after a long period of time. The material is plastic as it is light, cheap,
easy to maintain, gets cleaned easily and has high tensile strength.
Desert roses (Adenium Obosum) and Golden
Queen plants (Epipremnum Aureum) will be
planted in the rich loam soil that fills the planter
box.
Diagram of how the planter box is placed and how the plants are watered:

21. Diagram of water movement in the site:
The excess water from the planter box is used to water the plants in the vertical gardens.
The water hydrates the plants in the Vertical Garden Planter Pockets. Hence, water is
recycled and there will be less wastage of resources during the irrigation process.
Poly pipes will be used to irrigate and drain water in our
site. These pipes are selected due to their high quality,
strong durability and their characteristic of not rusting.

22. MAINTENANCE PLAN
Maintenance Specifications:
Integrated Pest Management
Fertilizers shall be used to maintain the health of plants. For all year, existing plants and
new plantings shall be monitored at weekly intervals for pest infestations and symptoms
of stress, and bi-weekly thereafter.
A. Irrigation system
1. Automated systems shall operate only in the morning or evening hours, namely 7
am and 5 pm as these times tend to be cool, so the amount of water lost through
evaporation is much less than other time of the day. Plants shall not be watered
at night as if they stay damp, they are more likely to be damaged by fungal and
bacterial diseases.
2. Automated systems shall not over-spray onto surrounding pavement. Each
sprinkler in the planter box will be set to spray only 50 ml each sprinkling session.
3. The dripping mechanisms in the vertical garden will only drip 40 ml each session
into the soil of the plants as excess water from the planter box is transported to
the planter pockets.

23. 4. The irrigation system shall be maintained to insure that all areas receive sufficient
water. Damaged or vandalized pipes shall be replaced as soon as possible.
5. Routinely inspect all water lines, valves and pumps for leaks. Hired workers of
Taylor’s University Lakeside Campus will check the irrigation mechanisms in the
site once every three days.
B. Hand watering specifications:
1. The roots of plants will be irrigated every day as the site is under the roof and does
not receive natural rainfall.
2. All plantings shall be monitored. If showing signs of stress related to lack of water,
the plants will be deeply hand watered as needed.
C. Pesticide requirements:
1. Pests shall be managed in accordance with the bio-rational (non-toxic)
pesticides when necessary to prevent damage to plantings.
D. Fertilization requirements:
1. Soil and plant tissue shall be tested and slow-release fertilizer applied as
needed to maintain healthy growing conditions for shrubs, trees and grass.
E. Pruning requirements:
1. Shrubs will be monitored and pruned
once every two days to remove weak,
diseased or damaged limbs/branches in
order to avoid the need for pesticide
applications and to maintain the plants in
proper form.

24. Weekly Timetable For Maintenance Before Noon
Day/Time 7:00
am
7:30 am 8:00
am
9:00 am 10:00 am
Monday Sprinkling
and
drippling
Hand
removal
of weeds
Adding
fertilizer
to loam
soil
- Hand
watering
by workers
Tuesday Sprinkling
and
drippling
Pruning - - Hand
watering
by workers
Wednesday Sprinkling
and
drippling
Hand
removal
of weeds
- - Hand
watering
by workers
Thursday Sprinkling
and
drippling
Pruning Adding
fertilizer
to loam
soil
- Hand
watering
by workers
Friday Sprinkling
and
drippling
Hand
removal
of weeds
- - Hand
watering
by workers
Saturday Sprinkling
and
drippling
Pruning - Inspection
of
pesticides
Hand
watering
by workers
Sunday Sprinkling
and
drippling
Hand
removal
of weeds
- Applying
pesticides
(Only for
month)
Hand
watering
by workers

25. Weekly Timetable For Maintenance After Noon
Day/Time 4:30 pm 5:00 pm 8:30 pm 9:00 pm
Monday Hand
watering
by
workers
Sprinkling
and
drippling
Sweeping of
concourse
-
Tuesday Hand
watering
by
workers
Sprinkling
and
drippling
Sweeping of
concourse
Inspection of
plumbing and
lights
Wednesday Hand
watering
by
workers
Sprinkling
and
drippling
Sweeping of
concourse
-
Thursday Hand
watering
by
workers
Sprinkling
and
drippling
Sweeping of
concourse
Inspection of
plumbing and
lights
Friday Hand
watering
by
workers
Sprinkling
and
drippling
Sweeping of
concourse
-
Saturday Hand
watering
by
workers
Sprinkling
and
drippling
Sweeping of
concourse
Inspection of
plumbing and
lights
Sunday Hand
watering
by
workers
Sprinkling
and
drippling
Sweeping of
concourse
-