2. CONTENTS
How waves form?
What is wave energy
Difference between Tidal Energy & Wave Energy
Energy Conversion Devices
High pressure accumulator wave machines
Dolphin type wave machine
Dam Atoll wave machine.
Advantages of Wave Energy
Disadvantages of Wave Energy
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3. How Waves Form ?
Differential warming of the earth causes pressure differences in
the atmosphere, which generate winds.
As winds move across the surface of open bodies of water, they
transfer some of their energy to the water and create waves.
A few factors determine how strong an individual wave will be.
These include:
Speed of wind: The faster the wind is traveling, the bigger a
wave will be.
Time of wind: The wave will get larger the longer the length of
time the wind is hitting it.
Distance of wind: The farther the wind travels against the wave
(known as fetch), the bigger it will be.
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4. What is Wave Energy?
Wave energy (or wave power) is the transport and capture
of energy by ocean surface waves.
Wave power is the capture of energy of wind waves to do
useful work for example, electricity generation, water
desalination or pumping water.
Waves are generated by the wind as it blows across the sea
surface. Energy is transferred from the wind to the waves.
Wave energy is sometimes confused with tidal energy,
which is quite different
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5. Difference between Tidal Energy & Wave Energy
Tidal energy uses gravitational pull of Earth, moon
and sun to produce energy .
The tides at shorelines of oceans will rise and fall
about twice a day.
where as a wave energy uses kinetic forces of waves to
generate electricity.
A object inside buoys, booms, or other floating objects
will shake as each wave passes.
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6. Energy Conversion Devices
There are three types of energy devices
1.High pressure accumulator wave machines
2.Dolphin type wave machine
3.Dam Atoll wave machine.
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8. Themachineconsistsof thefollowingmaincomponents:
i.Pressure Amplifier:The waves enter the cylinder of
pressure amplifier at the bottom and move the main piston.
The pressure of the closed loop fluid is amplified to about 5
bars.
ii.Hydraulic Accumulator: The high pressure fluid is
conducted through a one-way up valve to a hydraulic
accumulator. The accumulator has air cushions on the top
which assists in maintaining a constant pressure.
iii.Pelton Turbine: Part of high pressure fluid flows through
a Pelton wheel or Francis hydraulic turbine that drives an
electrical generator.
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9. Working
On the trough of the wave, the composite piston is pushed
downward by the high fluid pressure. The exhaust water is
sucked via return valve. The capacity of hydraulic
accumulator is large enough to permit continuous turbine
operation though the waves are cyclic.
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11. The major components of the system are a dolphin, a
float, a connecting rod and two electrical generators.
The float has two motions. The rolling motion about its
own fulcrum with the connecting rod is amplified and
converted into continuous rotary motion with the help of
gears. The electrical generator is driven. The other vertical
motion is also amplified and converted into rotary motion
to drive the gears.
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12. 3.Dam atoll wave machine
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13. Dam atoll wave machine
The waves wrap themselves around the atolls (small
volcanic islands) from all sides, producing a spiral in the
centre. A turbine is driven when water is discharged radially
outward.
It also consists of pressure amplifier which sends high
pressure water to a high level reservoir on a shore line.
The potential energy of water in the reservoir is used to
run a water turbine coupled to an electrical generator.
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14. Advantages of wave energy
The energy is free - no fuel needed, no waste
produced.
Not expensive to operate and maintain.
Can produce a great deal of energy.
Renewable: The best thing about wave energy is that it
will never run out. Unlike fossil fuels, which are running
out. The waves flow back from the shore, but they always
return.
Environment Friendly: Also unlike fossil fuels, creating
power from waves creates no harmful byproducts such as
gas, waste and pollution.
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15. Disadvantages of wave energy
Suitable to Certain Locations: The biggest disadvantage to
getting your energy from the waves is location. Only
power plants and towns near the ocean will benefit
directly from it.
Effect on marine Ecosystem :As clean as wave energy is,
it still creates hazards for some of the animals near it .
Depends on the waves - sometimes you'll get loads of
energy, sometimes almost nothing.
Needs a suitable site, where waves are consistently
strong.
Must be able to withstand very rough weather.
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