Object-Oriented Programming Presentation Series 5. variables & data types

1. Variables & Data Types
Dr. M H B Ariyaratne
https://goo.gl/ytyvLS

2. Variables
● Reserved memory locations to store values
● When we create a variable we reserve some space in
memory.
● Based on the datatype of a variable, the operating
system allocates memory and decides what can be
stored in the reserved memory.
● By assigning different data types to variables, we can
store integers, decimals, or characters in these variables

3. Types of Variables
Primitive Data Types
Reference/Object Data Types

4. Primitive Data Types
Predefined by the language
Named by a keyword
Java - eight primitive data types

5. Naming variables in JAVA
● Variable names are case-sensitive
● An unlimited-length sequence of Unicode letters and digits
● Beginning with a letter, the dollar sign "$", or the underscore character "_"
● White space is not permitted
● Subsequent characters may be letters, digits, dollar signs, or underscore
characters.
● Use full words instead of cryptic abbreviations.
● Must not be a keyword or reserved word.
● If only one word, spell that word in all lowercase letters
● If more than one word, capitalize the first letter of each subsequent word.
● If your variable stores a constant value capitalizing every letter and

6. Primitive Data Types - byte
● Byte data type is an 8-bit signed two's complement
integer
● Minimum value is -128 (-27)
● Maximum value is 127 (inclusive)(27 -1)
● Default value is 0
● Byte data type is used to save space in large arrays,
mainly in place of integers
● Example: byte a = 100 , byte b = -50

7. Primitive Data Types - short
● 16-bit signed two's complement integer.
● Minimum value is -32,768 (-215)
● Maximum value is 32,767 (inclusive) (215 -1)
● Short data type can also be used to save memory as byte
data type. A short is 2 times smaller than an int
● Default value is 0.
● Example: short s = 10000, short r = -20000

8. Primitive Data Type - int
● A 32-bit signed two's complement integer.
● Minimum value is - 2,147,483,648.(-231)
● Maximum value is 2,147,483,647(inclusive).(231 -1)
● int is generally used as the default data type for integral
values unless there is a concern about memory
● The default value is 0.
● Example: int a = 100000, int b = -200000

9. Primitive Data Type - long
● A 64-bit signed two's complement integer.
● Minimum value is -9,223,372,036,854,775,808.(-263)
● Maximum value is 9,223,372,036,854,775,807 (inclusive).
(263 -1)
● This type is used when a wider range than int is needed.
● Default value is 0L.
● Example: long a = 100000L, int b = -200000L

10. Primitive Data Types - float
● A single-precision 32-bit IEEE 754 floating point.
● Float is mainly used to save memory in large arrays of
floating point numbers.
● Default value is 0.0f.
● Example: float f1 = 234.5f

11. Primitive Data Types - double
● A double-precision 64-bit IEEE 754 floating point.
● Generally used as the default data type for decimal
values
● Default value is 0.0d.
● Example: double d1 = 123.4

12. Primitive Data Types - boolean
● Represents one bit of information.
● There are only two possible values: true and false.
● This data type is used for simple flags that track
true/false conditions.
● Default value is false.
● Example: boolean one = true

13. Primitive Data Types - char
● A single 16-bit Unicode character.
● Minimum value is 'u0000' (or 0).
● Maximum value is 'uffff' (or 65,535 inclusive).
● Char data type is used to store any character.
● Example: char letterA ='A'

14. Reference Data Types
We will discuss them under as a separate presentation on Objects and Strings.

15. Thank you