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1 Deep shift: Technology tipping points and societal impact,
World Economic Forum, September
2015, weforum.org.
2" Blockchain startups absorbed 5X more capital via ICOs than
equity financings in 2017," CB
Insights, January 2018, cbinsights.com.
3 " IBM invests to lead global Internet of Things market-shows
accelerated client adoption," IBM,
October 2016, ibm.com.
4"ASX selects distributed ledger technology to replace
CHESS," ASX, December 2017.
HGV�GHOLYHU"VLG
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5" Maersk and IBM to form joint venture applying blockchain
to improve global trade and digitize
supply chains," IBM, January 2018, ibm.com.
6 Jay Clayton, "Statement on cryptocurrencies and initial coin
offerings," U.S. Securities and
Exchange Commission, December 2017, sec.gov.
7 To be sure, blockchain does not eliminate the possibility of
fraudulent data being written to the
database, which could in turn be used to substantiate the

existence of fraudulent assets.
8 "Change Healthcare announces general availability of first
enterprise-scale blockchain solution for
healthcare," Change Healthcare, January 2018,
changehealthcare.com.
9 "Toyota Research Institute explores blockchain technology for
development of new mobility
ecosystem," Toyota, May 2017, toyota.com.
"Power Ledger token generation event closes with A$34million
raised," Power Ledger, October
2017, web.powerledger.io.
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|
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GOLDEN SIKORKA/ADOBE
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http://www.computerweekly.com
https://searchcio.techtarget.com/definition/blockchain
https://searchservervirtualization.techtarget.com/definition/virtu
al-machine
https://www.techtarget.com/contributor/Bob-Tarzey
C
O
M
PU
T
ER
W
EE
K
LY
.C
O
M
1
7-
23
S

EP
T
EM
BE
R
20
19
1
7
H
o
m
e
N
ew
s
H
ow
IT
d
ep
ar
tm
en

ts
ca
n
fi
n
d
d
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nt
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b
ak
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ig
it
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p
ro
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h

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s
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n
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r
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w
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rk
R
ai
l’s

IT
s
tr
at
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it
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s
co
m
m
en
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ui
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e

to
b
lo
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n
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el
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t
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ce
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5
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w
ill
t
ra
ns
fo
rm

yo
ur
b
us
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s
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nt
im
e
pr
ov
id
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g
a
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iq
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c
ry
pt

og
ra
ph
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s
ig
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re
. T
he
se
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te
ps
c
an
b
e
co
m
pl
et
ed

in
s
ec
on
ds
o
r m
in
ut
es
, d
ep
en
di
ng
o
n
th
e
te
ch
no
lo
gy

.
Bl
oc
kc
ha
in
s
ar
e
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st
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gu
is
he
d
fr
om
o
th
er
d
is
tr

ib
ut
ed
le
dg
er
s
in
be
in
g
up
da
te
d
by
a
dd
in
g
bl
oc
ks

o
f n
ew
tr
an
sa
ct
io
ns
to
c
re
at
e
an
im
m
ut
ab
le
ta
m
pe

r-
pr
oo
f l
og
o
f s
en
si
tiv
e
ac
tiv
ity
.
Th
e
rig
ht
t
o
w
rit
e

bl
oc
ks
m
ay
r
eq
ui
re
p
ro
of
-o
f-
w
or
k
–
w
hi
ch
ca
n

be
ti
m
e
an
d
re
so
ur
ce
in
te
ns
iv
e
–
th
e
ai
m
b
ei
ng
to

p
re
ve
nt
, f
or
ex
am
pl
e,
m
as
s
up
da
te
s
by
b
ot
s.
N
om

en
cl
at
ur
e
ha
s
be
co
m
e
co
nf
us
in
g
as
t
he
t
w
o
te
rm

s,
d
is
-
tr
ib
ut
ed
le
dg
er
a
nd
b
lo
ck
ch
ai
n,
h
av
e
be
en

u
se
d
in
te
rc
ha
ng
ea
bl
y,
w
ith
th
e
la
tt
er
p
re
va
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ng

, b
ei
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ch
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r
an
d,
p
er
ha
ps
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m
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nt

em
po
ra
ry
.
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BL
IC
O
R P
RI
VA
TE
Bl
oc
kc
ha
in
s
ca
n
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th

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bl
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d
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p
er
m
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si
on

to
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c
as
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ra
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om
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l m
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ge
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c
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tio
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of
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s
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tr
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sp

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t.
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at
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th
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h-
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ai

n
ha
s
be
en
to
o
pe
r-
at
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cr
yp
to
cu
rr
en
ci
es
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w
ay
o
f e

xc
ha
ng
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g
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d
st
or
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lu
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lin
e
in
de
pe
nd
en
t
of

c
en
tr
al
b
an
ks
. F
ro
m
t
hi
s
ha
s
in
vo
lv
ed
in
iti
al
c
oi

n
of
fe
rin
gs
(
IC
O
),
a
w
ay
o
f u
si
ng
c
ry
pt
oc
ur
re
nc
ie

s
as
a
n
al
te
rn
at
iv
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to
in
iti
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p
ub
lic
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ffe
rin
gs
(
IP
O

)
fo
r c
om
pa
ni
es
to
ra
is
e
ca
pi
ta
l.
W
ith
t
he
o
ld
es
t
an

d
hi
gh
es
t
pr
ofi
le
b
lo
ck
ch
ai
n
ap
pl
ic
at
io
n,
bi
tc
oi

n,
it
c
an
t
ak
e
m
an
y
m
in
ut
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f
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c
on
se
ns
us
t
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be

r
ea
ch
ed
,
w
hi
ch
is
w
hy
th
e
cr
yp
to
cu
rr
en
cy
h
as
a
re

pu
ta
tio
n
fo
r p
oo
r p
er
fo
r-
m
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ce
a
nd
s
ca
la
bi
lit
y.
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is

a
ls
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cr
iti
ci
se
d
fo
r t
he
d
at
ac
en
tr
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po
w
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co
ns
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a
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ro
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al
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d
m
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th
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rm
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ro
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f-
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w
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itc
oi
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se
d
to
a
dd
n
ew

b
lo
ck
s
of
tr
an
sa
ct
io
ns
to
th
e
bi
tc
oi
n
bl
oc
kc
ha
in

.
A
s
th
e
us
e
of
b
lo
ck
ch
ai
ns
h
as
e
xt
en
de
d
to
o
th

er
u
se
c
as
es
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he
ai
m
h
as
b
ee
n
to
o
ve
rc
om
e
th
es

e
de
fic
ie
nc
ie
s.
D
iff
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t
ap
pr
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e
na
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t

hr
ou
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ra
m
ew
or
ks
w
hi
ch
pr
ov
id
e
th
e
ba
si
c
ar
ch

ite
ct
ur
e,
p
ro
to
co
l a
nd
n
et
w
or
k
su
pp
or
t.
Fr
am
ew
or
ks

s
im
pl
ify
t
he
d
ev
el
op
m
en
t,
de
pl
oy
m
en
t
an
d
su
p-
po

rt
o
f
ap
pl
ic
at
io
ns
t
ha
t
ac
ce
ss
a
g
iv
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b
lo
ck
ch
ai

n.
T
he
re
a
re
se
ve
ra
l
bl
oc
kc
ha
in
f
ra
m
ew
or
ks
w
hi

ch
c
om
pe
te
a
nd
/o
r
ad
dr
es
s
di
ff
er
en
t r
eq
ui
re
m
en
ts

.
FR
AM
EW
O
RK
S
Th
e
m
os
t
w
id
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y
us
ed
is
E
th
er
eu

m
, a
n
op
en
s
ou
rc
e
pu
bl
ic
b
lo
ck
-
ch
ai
n
fr
am
ew
or
k.

T
he
fi
rs
t i
m
pl
em
en
ta
tio
ns
w
er
e
in
2
0
15
, b
ut
it
is

al
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t f
or
8
0
%
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f b
lo
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ch
ai
n-

ba
se
d
pr
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ts
.
Et
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re
um
su
its
hi
gh
ly
di
st
rib
ut

ed
re
qu
ire
m
en
ts
w
he
re
th
e
tr
an
sp
ar
en
cy
o
f
da

ta
t
o
al
l
us
er
s
is
i
m
po
rt
an
t
–
fo
r
ex
am
pl
e,
a

cu
st
om
er
lo
ya
lty
n
et
w
or
k
w
he
re
r
et
ai
le
rs
n
ee
d
to

in
de
pe
nd
en
tly
ve
rif
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a
us
er
’s
a
ct
iv
ity
to
p
ro
vi
de
b

en
efi
ts
.
Et
he
re
um
w
as
t
he
fi
rs
t
pl
at
fo
rm
t
o
en
ab
le

f
ul
l-
fle
dg
ed
s
m
ar
t
co
nt
ra
ct
s,
w
hi
ch
, f
or
e
xa
m
pl

e,
m
ak
es
it
q
ui
ck
a
nd
e
as
y
to
la
un
ch
IC
O
s.
E
th
er

eu
m
is
a
ls
o
th
e
na
m
e
of
a
c
ry
pt
oc
ur
re
nc
y
ba
se
d

on
th
e
pl
at
fo
rm
.
Th
e
Li
nu
x
Fo
un
da
tio
n’
s
H
yp
er
le

dg
er
F
ab
ri
c
is
a
n
op
en
s
ou
rc
e
en
te
rp
ri
se
p
ri
va
te

b
lo
ck
ch
ai
n
fr
am
ew
or
k
su
ite
d
to
a
pp
lic
at
io
ns
th
at

r
eq
ui
re
p
ri
va
cy
a
nd
p
er
m
is
si
on
c
on
tr
ol
s
w
ith
a

k
no
w
n
se
t
of
m
em
be
rs
–
fo
r
ex
am
pl
e,
a
fi
na
nc
ia
l a

pp
lic
at
io
n
w
he
re
c
er
ta
in
BU
Y
ER
’S
G
U
ID
E
https://www.computerweekly.com/news/252465373/Facebook-
officially-unveils-cryptocurrency-plans
https://searchbusinessanalytics.techtarget.com/news/252469508/
ThoughtSpot-BI-platform-gets-financial-boost-IPO-may-be-near

https://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/Ethereum
https://searchdatamanagement.techtarget.com/feature/Hyperledg
er-Fabric-offers-path-to-enterprise-blockchain-future
C
O
M
PU
T
ER
W
EE
K
LY
.C
O
M
1
7-
23
S
EP
T
EM
BE

R
20
19
1
8
H
o
m
e
N
ew
s
H
ow
IT
d
ep
ar
tm
en
ts
ca
n

fi
n
d
d
if
fe
re
nt
w
ay
s
to
u
p
sk
ill
in
th
e
n
ew
e

co
n
o
m
y
Tr
av
el
c
o
m
p
an
y
C
la
ri
ty
b
ak
es
T

h
o
ug
ht
Sp
ot
se
ar
ch
a
n
d
A
I f
un
ct
io
ns
in
to
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na

ly
ti
cs
t
o
ol
D
ig
it
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fa
ct
o
ry
ap
p
ro
ac
h
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gn
al
s

a
n
ew
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fo
r
N
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w
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rk
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l’s
IT
s
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at

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to
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lo

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ch
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n
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s
se
ct
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ow
5
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w
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ns
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rm
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us

in
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s
D
ow
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im
e
tr
ad
e-
re
la
te
d
da
ta
is
o
nl
y
sh
ar
ed

w
ith
s
el
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t b
an
ks
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n
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fe
ct
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t i
s
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hu
b
fo
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th
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so
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sk
s.
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e
pr
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t s
ta
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in
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as
m
or

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th
an
10
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ar
tic
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m
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ch
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ay
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pr
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Ru
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on
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eu
m
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tr
ad

in
g
ex
ch
an
ge
. R
ip
pl
e
is
a
n
op
en
so
ur
ce
p
la
tf
or
m
u

se
d
as
a
n
in
te
rn
at
io
na
l
cu
rr
en
cy
e
xc
ha
ng
e
fo
r b
ot

h
cr
yp
to
cu
rr
en
ci
es
a
nd
fi
at
c
ur
re
nc
ie
s.
It
is
d
es

ig
ne
d
to
a
llo
w
fa
st
a
nd
c
he
ap
in
te
rn
at
io
na
l t
ra
ns
ac

tio
ns
.
Th
e
N
EM
F
ou
nd
at
io
n’
s
pl
at
fo
rm
c
la
im
s
th

e
sc
al
ab
ili
ty
a
nd
p
er
-
fo
rm
an
ce
t
o
su
it
a
ra
ng
e
of

u
se
c
as
es
, i
nc
lu
di
ng
fi
na
nc
ia
l p
ay
-
m
en
ts
,
cr
yp
to

cu
rr
en
ci
es
,
eq
ui
ty
m
ar
ke
ts
a
nd
e
sc
ro
w
s
er
vi
ce
s,

us
in
g
a
co
ns
en
su
s
al
go
ri
th
m
c
al
le
d
pr
oo
f-
of
-i

m
po
rt
an
ce
t
ha
t
pr
ov
id
es
p
ri
vi
le
ge
s
to
p
ar
tic
ip
an

ts
w
ith
th
e
be
st
re
pu
ta
tio
ns
.
SM
AR
T C
O
NT
RA
CT
PL
AT
FO
RM

EO
S
is
a
s
m
ar
t
co
nt
ra
ct
p
la
tf
or
m
a
nd
d
ec
en
tr
al

is
ed
o
pe
ra
tin
g
sy
st
em
i
nt
en
de
d
fo
r
th
e
de
pl
oy
m
en

t
of
i
nd
us
tr
ia
l-
sc
al
e
ap
pl
i-
ca
tio
ns
.
It
a
im
s
to
e

lim
in
at
e
tr
an
sa
ct
io
n
fe
es
a
nd
b
e
hi
gh
ly
sc
al
ab
le

. R
3’
s
C
or
da
o
pe
ra
te
s
sm
ar
t
co
nt
ra
ct
s,
w
ith
in
t
he

J
av
a
V
ir
tu
al
M
ac
hi
ne
,
an
d
is
a
im
ed
a
t
fin
an
ci
al

i
ns
tit
ut
io
ns
.
Io
ta
i
s
BU
Y
ER
’S
G
U
ID
E ALEX/ADOBE
https://www.computerweekly.com/news/252439085/Santander-
uses-Ripple-technology-to-offer-international-payments
https://www.theserverside.com/news/252447729/Developers-
favor-JVM-languages-for-mobile-enterprise
https://www.theserverside.com/news/252447729/Developers-
favor-JVM-languages-for-mobile-enterprise

C
O
M
PU
T
ER
W
EE
K
LY
.C
O
M
1
7-
23
S
EP
T
EM
BE
R
20

19
1
9
H
o
m
e
N
ew
s
H
ow
IT
d
ep
ar
tm
en
ts
ca
n
fi
n

d
d
if
fe
re
nt
w
ay
s
to
u
p
sk
ill
in
th
e
n
ew
e
co
n

o
m
y
Tr
av
el
c
o
m
p
an
y
C
la
ri
ty
b
ak
es
T
h
o

ug
ht
Sp
ot
se
ar
ch
a
n
d
A
I f
un
ct
io
ns
in
to
a
na
ly
ti

cs
t
o
ol
D
ig
it
al
fa
ct
o
ry
ap
p
ro
ac
h
si
gn
al
s
a
n

ew
d
ep
ar
tu
re
fo
r
N
et
w
o
rk
R
ai
l’s
IT
s
tr
at
eg
y

Ed
it
o
r’
s
co
m
m
en
t
B
uy
er
’s
g
ui
d
e
to
b
lo
ck
ch

ai
n
D
el
iv
er
in
g
cl
o
u
d
in
t
h
e
fi
na
n
ci
al
s
er
vi

ce
s
se
ct
o
r
H
ow
5
G
w
ill
t
ra
ns
fo
rm
yo
ur
b
us
in
es

s
D
ow
nt
im
e
an
o
pe
n
so
ur
ce
d
is
tr
ib
ut
ed
l
ed
ge
r,
cu

st
om
is
ed
t
o
w
or
k
w
ith
in
te
rn
et
o
f
th
in
gs
(
Io
T

)
ap
pl
ic
at
io
ns
p
ro
vi
di
ng
f
ee
le
ss
m
ic
ro
-
tr
an
sa
ct

io
ns
. J
P
M
or
ga
n’
s
Q
uo
ru
m
is
E
th
er
eu
m
-b
as
ed
, c
la

im
in
g
en
te
rp
ri
se
s
ca
la
bi
lit
y
an
d
th
e
ab
ili
ty
t
o
lim

it
ac
ce
ss
t
o
tr
an
sa
c-
tio
n
hi
st
or
y,
w
hi
le
p
ro
vi
di
ng

m
ax
im
um
tr
an
sp
ar
en
cy
.
BL
O
CK
CH
AI
N A
S A
SE
RV
IC
E
Q

uo
ru
m
h
as
r
ec
en
tly
b
ee
n
se
le
ct
ed
b
y
M
ic
ro
so
ft
a

s
th
e
fir
st
su
pp
or
te
d
fr
am
ew
or
k
fo
r i
ts
m
an
ag
ed
A

zu
re
B
lo
ck
ch
ai
n
Se
rv
ic
e.
Th
e
ai
m
o
f s
uc
h
m
an
ag

ed
, b
lo
ck
ch
ai
n-
as
-a
-s
er
vi
ce
o
ffe
rin
gs
is
to
a
vo
id
s

el
f-
ho
st
in
g
of
b
lo
ck
ch
ai
n
in
fr
as
tr
uc
tu
re
, e
lim
in
at

in
g
th
e
ne
ed
t
o
pr
ov
is
io
n
ha
rd
w
ar
e,
c
on
fig
ur
e
so

ft
w
ar
e
an
d
se
t
up
n
et
-
w
or
ki
ng
a
nd
s
ec
ur
ity
c
om

po
ne
nt
s,
a
s
w
el
l a
s
ea
se
t
he
d
ev
el
op
-
m
en
t o
f a
pp

lic
at
io
ns
o
n
to
p
of
o
ne
o
r m
or
e
fr
am
ew
or
ks
.
Th
e
M

ic
ro
so
ft
A
zu
re
B
lo
ck
ch
ai
n
Se
rv
ic
e
w
as
la
un
ch
ed
e

ar
lie
r
in
2
0
19
, o
n
to
p
of
e
ar
lie
r
re
le
as
es
o
f
a
bl

oc
kc
ha
in
d
ev
el
op
m
en
t
ki
t a
nd
w
or
kb
en
ch
. I
t i
nt
eg
ra

te
s
w
ith
M
ic
ro
so
ft
’s
A
ct
iv
e
D
ire
ct
or
y
an
d
V
is
ua

l S
tu
di
o,
a
s
w
el
l a
s
a
ra
ng
e
of
o
pe
n
so
ur
ce
to
ol
s.

Th
e
A
m
az
on
M
an
ag
ed
B
lo
ck
ch
ai
n
w
as
la
un
ch
ed
in
D

ec
em
be
r
20
18
an
d
su
pp
or
ts
bo
th
H
yp
er
le
dg
er

Fa
br
ic
an
d
Et
he
re
um
.
A
m
az
on
W
eb
S
er
vi
ce
s
(A
W

S)
c
la
im
s
it
en
ab
le
s
th
e
ra
pi
d
cr
ea
tio
n
of
n
ew
b
lo

ck
ch
ai
n
ne
tw
or
ks
th
at
c
an
s
pa
n
m
ul
tip
le
A
W
S
ac
co

un
ts
,
th
at
c
an
a
ut
om
at
ic
al
ly
s
ca
le
to
m
ee
t t
he
d
em

an
ds
o
f t
ho
us
an
ds
o
f
ap
pl
ic
at
io
ns
. I
t
m
on
ito
rs
t
he

n
et
w
or
k
an
d
au
to
m
at
ic
al
ly
r
ep
la
ce
s
po
or
ly
p
er

fo
rm
in
g
no
de
s
as
si
gn
in
g
pr
oc
es
si
ng
p
ow
er
a
nd
m
em

-
or
y
fle
xi
bl
y,
a
s
w
ou
ld
b
e
ex
pe
ct
ed
o
n
a
m
an
ag

ed
p
la
tf
or
m
.
Th
e
la
un
ch
o
f t
he
s
er
vi
ce
m
ea
ns
A
W

S
no
w
c
om
pe
te
s
w
ith
s
om
e
of
it
s
pl
at
fo
rm
p
ar
tn
er

s,
s
uc
h
as
C
on
se
nS
ys
’s
K
al
ei
do
.
Th
e
IB
M
B
lo
ck
ch

ai
n
Pl
at
fo
rm
,
la
un
ch
ed
i
n
20
17
,
is
b
as
ed
o
n
H
yp

er
L
ed
ge
r.
It
c
an
b
e
ru
n
on
-p
re
m
is
e
or
a
s
a
cl
ou

d
se
rv
ic
e
on
a
cu
st
om
er
-c
ho
se
n
pl
at
fo
rm
a
nd
in
cl

ud
es
a
s
et
o
f s
ec
ur
ity
s
er
vi
ce
s
su
ite
d
to
t
he
r
eq
ui

re
m
en
ts
o
f
en
te
rp
ris
e
cu
st
om
er
s.
O
ra
cl
e
al
so
re

le
as
ed
a
b
lo
ck
ch
ai
n
pl
at
fo
rm
b
as
ed
o
n
H
yp
er
le
dg

er
F
ab
ric
i
n
Fe
br
ua
ry
2
0
19
.
SP
EC
IA
LI
ST
RE
Q
UI
RE
M

EN
TS
A
lo
ng
si
de
s
om
e
of
t
he
I
T
i
nd
us
tr
y’
s
bi
gg
es

t
na
m
es
,
m
an
y
sm
al
le
r,
ni
ch
e
pl
ay
er
s
ar
e
co
m
in

g
to
m
ar
ke
t
to
s
er
ve
s
pe
ci
al
is
t
re
qu
ire
m
en
ts
a
nd

a
pp
lic
at
io
ns
re
la
tin
g
to
b
lo
ck
ch
ai
n.
G
os
pe
l T
ec
hn
ol

og
y
is
a
p
riv
at
e
pe
rm
is
si
on
ed
b
lo
ck
ch
ai
n
ai
m
ed

at
s
af
e
da
ta
s
ha
rin
g.
U
se
c
as
es
in
cl
ud
e
hu
m
an
re
so

ur
ce
s
sy
st
em
s
an
d
ph
ar
m
ac
eu
tic
al
te
st
in
g.
T
o
th
is

e
nd
, i
t p
ro
vi
de
s
co
ns
en
su
s
on
re
ad
s,
a
s
w
el
l a
s

w
rit
es
, e
ns
ur
in
g
th
at
it
is
o
pa
qu
e
ab
ou
t d
at
a,
b
ut

op
en
a
bo
ut
w
ho
h
as
a
cc
es
se
d
it.
Be
ca
us
e
G
os
pe
l i
s

fo
cu
si
ng
o
n
co
nt
en
t a
s
m
uc
h
as
tr
an
sa
ct
io
ns
,
th
e

da
ta
v
ol
um
es
in
vo
lv
ed
c
an
b
e
hi
gh
, s
o
ne
tw
or
k
no
de

s
ca
n
st
or
e
a
su
bs
et
o
f t
he
d
at
a
re
le
va
nt
to
th
ei
r n

ee
ds
. T
hi
s
al
so
m
ea
ns
it
c
an
m
ak
e
us
e
of
B
yz
an
tin

e
fa
ul
t t
ol
er
an
ce
, m
ea
ni
ng
it
c
an
c
on
tin
ue
to
op
er
at

e
ev
en
if
th
e
st
at
us
o
f c
er
ta
in
n
od
es
is
u
nk
no
w
n.
G

os
pe
l
ha
s
ju
st
l
au
nc
he
d
a
ve
rs
io
n
on
t
he
G
oo
gl
e

C
lo
ud
Pl
at
fo
rm
, h
ow
ev
er
, c
us
to
m
er
s
ca
n
us
e
ot
he

r
pl
at
fo
rm
s
su
ch
a
s
A
W
S
or
A
zu
re
.
M
od
um
i
s
a

Sw
itz
er
la
nd
-b
as
ed
c
om
pa
ny
c
ur
re
nt
ly
o
pe
ra
tin
g
m
ai

nl
y
in
G
er
m
an
y
–
w
ith
g
lo
ba
l p
la
ns
. I
t p
ar
tn
er
s
w

ith
A
W
S
an
d
SA
P.
It
s
of
fe
rin
g
ai
m
s
to
a
ut
om
at
e,
in

te
gr
at
e
an
d
di
gi
tis
e
su
pp
ly
ch
ai
ns
, t
he
in
iti
al
fo
cu

s
m
ar
ke
t b
ei
ng
p
ha
rm
ac
eu
tic
al
s.
BU
Y
ER
’S
G
U
ID
E

https://searchdatabackup.techtarget.com/feature/Quorum-OnQ-
40
https://www.computerweekly.com/news/252465018/AWS-skills-
collaboration-gives-rise-to-two-year-pre-university-cloud-
qualification
https://searchcloudcomputing.techtarget.com/essentialguide/A-
Google-cloud-services-guide-for-the-enterprise
https://searchcloudcomputing.techtarget.com/essentialguide/A-
Google-cloud-services-guide-for-the-enterprise
C
O
M
PU
T
ER
W
EE
K
LY
.C
O
M
1
7-
23
S

EP
T
EM
BE
R
20
19
2
0
H
o
m
e
N
ew
s
H
ow
IT
d
ep
ar
tm
en

yo
ur
b
us
in
es
s
D
ow
nt
im
e
M
od
um
p
ro
vi
de
s
an
I
oT
-t

yp
e
de
vi
ce
w
ith
a
d
at
a
lo
gg
er
t
o
be
in
cl
ud
ed
w
ith

t
ra
ns
po
rt
ed
g
oo
ds
t
o
m
on
ito
r
en
vi
ro
nm
en
ta
l c
on
-

di
tio
ns
, s
uc
h
as
t
em
pe
ra
tu
re
a
nd
h
um
id
ity
t
o
pr
ov
e

co
m
pl
ia
nc
e
w
ith
g
oo
d
di
st
rib
ut
io
n
pr
ac
tic
es
.
Th
e

da
ta
c
ol
le
ct
ed
c
an
b
e
im
m
ut
ab
ly
s
ec
ur
ed
in
a
b
lo

ck
ch
ai
n
an
d
sh
ar
ed
w
ith
s
ta
ke
ho
ld
er
s
to
a
dd
a
la
ye

r o
f t
ru
st
.
FR
AU
D P
RE
VE
NT
IO
N
To
m
ia
s
pe
ci
al
is
es
i

n
fr
au
d
pr
ev
en
tio
n,
t
ra
ffi
c
op
tim
is
at
io
n
an
d
ro
am
in

g
in
si
gh
ts
fo
r m
ob
ile
c
ar
ri
er
s.
It
p
ro
vi
de
s
re
al
-t
im

e
an
al
yt
-
ic
s
an
d
re
ce
nt
ly
a
nn
ou
nc
ed
a
p
ar
tn
er
sh

ip
w
ith
M
ic
ro
so
ft
, K
PM
G
an
d
R3
to
p
ro
vi
de
a
b
lo
ck

ch
ai
n-
ba
se
d
sy
st
em
to
o
pt
im
is
e
di
sp
ut
e
m
an
ag
em
en

t a
nd
h
el
p
re
so
lv
e
bi
lli
ng
a
nd
s
et
tle
m
en
t d
is
pu
te
s.

Q
ua
nt
N
et
w
or
k’
s
O
ve
rl
ed
ge
r
is
a
b
lo
ck
ch
ai
n
op

er
at
in
g
sy
s-
te
m
p
ro
vi
di
ng
t
he
a
bi
lit
y
fo
r
ap
pl
ic

at
io
ns
t
o
in
te
ra
ct
w
it
h
m
ul
-
ti
pl
e
bl
oc
kc
ha
in
s.

Th
e
ne
ed
fo
r m
an
y-
to
-m
an
y
re
la
tio
ns
hi
ps
b
et
w
ee
n
ap

pl
ic
at
io
ns
an
d
da
ta
ba
se
s
is
n
ot
n
ew
: i
t w
as
o
ne
th

at
h
ad
to
b
e
ad
dr
es
se
d
in
th
e
19
8
0
s
an
d
19
9
0

s
w
ith
th
e
ri
si
ng
u
se
o
f r
el
at
io
na
l d
at
ab
as
es
.
St
an

da
rd
s
w
er
e
in
tr
od
uc
ed
a
nd
t
he
m
ar
ke
t
co
ns
ol
id
at

ed
. T
hi
s
is
w
ha
t
w
ill
h
ap
pe
n
in
t
he
w
or
ld
o
f
bl
oc

kc
ha
in
s.
F
ur
th
er
m
or
e,
bl
oc
kc
ha
in
is
n
ot
a
p
an
ac

ea
: i
t w
ill
n
ev
er
s
ui
t m
an
y
ap
pl
ic
at
io
ns
w
he
re
c
en

tr
al
c
on
tr
ol
, e
xt
re
m
el
y
hi
gh
s
pe
ed
o
r t
he
m
as
s
st

or
ag
e
of
u
ns
tr
uc
tu
re
d
da
ta
a
re
re
qu
ire
d.
Bl
oc
kc
ha
in

m
er
el
y
pr
ov
id
es
a
no
th
er
c
ho
ic
e
in
t
he
r
an
ge
o
f

da
ta
ba
se
o
pt
io
ns
a
va
ila
bl
e.
Q
SASHKIN/ADOBE
BU
Y
ER
’S
G
U
ID
E

https://www.computerweekly.com/news/252439708/No-
business-safe-from-cyber-attack-says-KPMG
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