grammar

1. GRAMMAR
ARTICLES
a) Articles come before nouns. E.g: I have a pen.
b) a – one thing and begin with a consonant sound.
(e.g: b, c, d, f, g,etc.)
My father bought me a ball.
c) an – one thing and begin with a vowel sound.
(e.g : a, e, I , o, u )
Alina always eats an apple a day.
d) the – 1) refer to a noun thaht has been mentioned before.
Jamal has a pen. The pen is red.
2) to talk about a particular thing, animal or
person.
That is the violin the musician lost.
3) a noun which is the only one of its kind.
The moon reflects light from the sun.
4) Use with the superlative form of the e
e)adjective.
Rahman is the most talented pianist in our school.
Fill in the blanks below with ‘a’, ‘an’ or ‘the’ where necessary.
1. The boy is waiting you at ____ gate.
2. I heard ___ owl hooting last night.
3. Razman is ____ fattest boy in ____ class.
4. We go to ___ Pulau Langkawi every year.
5. Please give me ___ piece of cake and ___ glass of milk.
6. ___ few minutes ago, the teacher was in the class.
7. I bought ____ storybook from this shop.
8. ___ hour ago _____ headmaster came and scolded us for making
a lot of noise.
9. I met ____ old man on ___ bridge just now.
10. She works as ___ nurse at ______ University Hospital at Kuala
Lumpur.
COUNTABLE AND UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS.(quatifiers)
a) use a few, some , several, many, a lot of, plenty
of, a large amount of and any with countable
nouns.
b) Use a little, some, much, a lot of, a little
amount of, and any with uncountable nouns.
Group the countable and uncountable nouns.
COUNTABLE NOUNS UNCOUNTABLES NOUNS
Underline the correct answer in the brackets.
1. How (much, many, little) durians did you buy?
2. there is only ( much, few, a little ) coffee left in the jug.
3. She has eaten ( much, little, some ) oranges just now.
4. Mr Surinder Singh wants to buy (few, some, many ) petrol for
his car.
5. The little girl wants some ( much, more, little) ice – cream.
6. We have ( a little, many, much ) friends in America.
7. I’m thirsty. Can you give me a little ( much, some, more )
cold drink?
8. Swee Lan wants to borrow ( few, some ,much ) money from Mr.
Wong.
9. Mother didn’t cook ( few, any, some ) curry today.
10. I need (few, any, some ) more butter for my cakes.
Carrot butter salt oil
Pizza tomato bean cereal
Milk cabbage bread noodles

2. PREPOSITIONS
Prepositions are words that show location, direction or time.
a) p. location – tell us where a thing is located.
The bird is in the nest. The fish is under the boat.
b) P. direction – tell us which way a thing is going.
The lion is jumping through the hoop
The boat is sailing along the river.
c) P. Time – tell us when something is done.
We saw a rainbow on Sunday.
Sunday comes before Monday.
Underline the correct answer in the brackets.
1. The children are looking ( at, in , of ) the elephant.
2. All the story books are kept (of, with, in ) the
cupboard.
3. Look! The eagle is flying (of, over, on) our house.
4. The girl went to the cinema (by, with, to ) her
brother.
5. The railway station is (near, about, through) my house.
6. The pupils usually walk ( between, across, over ) the
school field.
7. The scouts climbed (on, up, to ) the hill.
8. The headmaster shouted ( on, in, at) the top of his
voice.
9. The policemen ran ( after, against, by) the two
robbers.
10. Rosli will be there ( in, for, by) 2 o’clock.
CONJUNCTIONS
They are use to join words or sentences.
a) and – to join ideas that are of the same kind.
Aminah bought a pen, a pencil and a ruler.
b) But – to join ideas that are different
The river was polluted but it is now clean.
c) Or – when there is a choice
Would you like tea or coffee?
d) So – use so to show the effect
It was raining so we did not go out.
e) Because – to give the reason
Kampung Ria was flooded because it rained for three days
Fill in the blanks below with ‘and’, ‘or’, ‘but’, ‘so’, or
‘because’.
1. We knocked on the door ___________ nobody answered.
2. She washed the dishes _______ wiped them.
3. It rained heavily _______ we couldn’t go to school.
4. She slept late, _____ she is not sleepy.
5. She looks tired ____ she is sick.
6. You can either finish your work today _____ tomorrow.
7. The pupils are happy _________ next week they are going
to visit Cameron Highlands.
8. She came late ___________ the teacher scolded her.
9. My father was not well ______ he did not want to visit
the doctor.
10. It is getting hotter ________ too many trees have
been cut down.