Discuss the reasons why the Human Microbiome Project is a step forwa.pdf

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Discuss the reasons why the Human Microbiome Project is a step forward in characterizing normal and pathogenic biota in humans. Solution The Human Microbiome is defined a the collection of microbes- bacteria, viruses and single cell eukaryotes that inhabits the human body. Microbes in adult human body are estimated to outnumber human cells by a number of ten to one. The Human Microbiome project is a United States National Institute of Health initiative with a goal of identifying and characterising the microorganisms which are found in association with both healthy and diseased humans. The main goals of Human Microbiome Project is a step forward in characterising normal and pathogenic biota due to its goals which are as follows:.

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Identify three traits each that distinguish channels from carriers. (three for carriers and three for channels) Solution 1. Channel proteins are lipoproteins where as carrier proteins are glycoproteins. 2. Channel proteins can not transport molecules or ions against the concentration gradient, Carrier proteins can transport molecules or ions against the concentration gradient, 3.Solutes diffuse through the pore of channel proteins, whereas career proteins bind solutes on one side of membrane and release it on the other side. 4.channel proteins contain a pore where as carrier proteins,do not have..

Identify three traits each that distinguish channels from carriers. .pdf

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i am trying to get this library file income.js using this, to be loa.pdf

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Explain why it can be problematic to base morality and ethics only on religion. Solution The existence of ethics as a science, moral as a positive framework out of religion is as old as civilization. Aristoteles and Platon stated that gods did not need of men, so religious moral is unuseful. But, other authors as C.S. Lewis recognize that is possible moral behavior without be a religious practice, however, the criterion of categorization between good or bad is not sustainable, because it would be a preference choice, without transcendence. Philosophers as Nietzsche, Kant or Holyoake agree about religion operates as an exogenous imposition of behaviors, that they do not have any ethic value, because they are not self- motivated, instead, non religious ethic is more valuable in this sense. There is a general accepted principle about the religious freedom and the laicity of the State, because religions has different emphasis and moral codes among the world, and the imposition of demand ethical behaviors have been addressed to an specific religion is a violation of the rights of the non followers of this faith. However, society requires an objective system of convivence which respects everybody believes, since there the need of a rational way of ranking moral decisions. Other aspect is that it has been argued that many religious moral codes do not promote the self superation, just they keep you saved of to be a criminal..

Explain why it can be problematic to base morality and ethics only o.pdf

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Describe what is happening in Italy (or you may substitute Argentina or Iran) and how that might impact things like exchange rates, inflation and/or interest rates. Solution Let we take example of Iran, As we all know that USA has put a number of sanctions on Iran due to which trade with Iran is difficult, Country like India which Import a major portion of its crue oil import from Iran, now after these sanctions, India could not buy crude oil from Iran and this will also happen with other countries too. So this types of sanctions will force Countries like India to look for another partner for Oil import and this will have impact on its currency exchange rates as other oil exporting countries may demand different price for the crude oil. on other hand after so many sanctions Supply of curde oil will increase and prices may also increases which will result in more pressure on countries and this will have impact on exchange rate and when prices of crude oil will increase it will impact economy and inflation will also increase and general price level will also increase..

Describe what is happening in Italy (or you may substitute Argentina.pdf

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Consider an extension of the queue abstract data type, called a minqueue, which supports operations ENQUEUE, DEQUEUE, and FINDMIN. Assume that the elements to be stored are integers (or any other totally ordered data type). FINDMIN simply returns the smallest element in the minqueue, but does not remove it. Using a standard implementation of a queue, the FINDMIN operation takes O(n) time in the worst case. However, consider a more clever data structure for this abstract data type which works as follows: There are two regular queues used. The first queue is called the ”real queue” and the second queue is called the ”helper queue”. When the ENQUEUE(x) operation is performed, the element x is enqueued in the regular way on the real queue. The element x is also enqueued at the end of the helper queue. However, if the element y immediately ”in front” of x on the helper queue is larger than x, then y is removed from the helper queue. This process of x annihilating the element immediately in front of it is repeated until the element immediately in front of x is less than or equal to it or x is at the front of the helper queue. Describe how the DEQUEUE and FINDMIN operation are implemented in this data structure. Give the worst case running time for each of ENQUEUE, DEQUEUE, and FINDMIN using this data structure. Give an argument using the potential method to show that any sequence of n ENQUEUE, DEQUEUE, and FINDMIN operations requires only O(n) time. Or namely, the amortized complexity of these operations is O(1). Consider an extension of the queue abstract data type, called a minqueue, which supports operations ENQUEUE, DEQUEUE, and FINDMIN. Assume that the elements to be stored are integers (or any other totally ordered data type). FINDMIN simply returns the smallest element in the minqueue, but does not remove it. Using a standard implementation of a queue, the FINDMIN operation takes O(n) time in the worst case. However, consider a more clever data structure for this abstract data type which works as follows: There are two regular queues used. The first queue is called the ”real queue” and the second queue is called the ”helper queue”. When the ENQUEUE(x) operation is performed, the element x is enqueued in the regular way on the real queue. The element x is also enqueued at the end of the helper queue. However, if the element y immediately ”in front” of x on the helper queue is larger than x, then y is removed from the helper queue. This process of x annihilating the element immediately in front of it is repeated until the element immediately in front of x is less than or equal to it or x is at the front of the helper queue. Describe how the DEQUEUE and FINDMIN operation are implemented in this data structure. Give the worst case running time for each of ENQUEUE, DEQUEUE, and FINDMIN using this data structure. Give an argument using the potential method to show that any sequence of n ENQUEUE, DEQUEUE, and FINDMIN operations requires only O(n) t.

Consider an extension of the queue abstract data type, called a .pdf

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Cordia Corporation is planning a 15 year project with an initial investment of $2,500,000. The project will have $400,000 cash inflows per year in years 1-5 ; $200,000 cash inflows in years 6-10, and $40,000 cash inflows in years 11-15. a) Determine this project\'s intemal rate of return. b) If Cordia\'s opportunity cost of capital is 8%, should they accept or reject this project? c) Explain your reason for your decision in part (b). Solution a) Computation of IRR: IRR is an interest rate where the net present value of inflows are outflows equals zero. With the help of trial and error method we can find the IRR: First let us find from 5% rate and then we can increase or decrease as per the requirement (here, our target is to get NPV= 0). rate = 5% rate = 6% Year Cash flows discounting factor PV discounting factor PV 0 (2,500,000) 1 (2,500,000) 1 (2,500,000) 1 400,000 0.952381 380,952 0.943396 377,358 2 400,000 0.907029 362,812 0.889996 355,999 3 400,000 0.863838 345,535 0.839619 335,848 4 400,000 0.822702 329,081 0.792094 316,837 5 400,000 0.783526 313,410 0.747258 298,903 6 200,000 0.746215 149,243 0.704961 140,992 7 200,000 0.710681 142,136 0.665057 133,011 8 200,000 0.676839 135,368 0.627412 125,482 9 200,000 0.644609 128,922 0.591898 118,380 10 200,000 0.613913 122,783 0.558395 111,679 11 40,000 0.584679 23,387 0.526788 21,072 12 40,000 0.556837 22,273 0.496969 19,879 13 40,000 0.530321 21,213 0.468839 18,754 14 40,000 0.505068 20,203 0.442301 17,692 15 40,000 0.481017 19,241 0.417265 16,691 NPV 16,559 (91,423) IRR = 5% + [(16,559-0)/ (16,559-(-91,423))] = 5% + 0.15 = 5.15% b) If Cordia\'s opportunity cost of capital is 8%, then NPV will be: rate = 8% Year Cash flows discounting factor PV 0 (2,500,000) 1 (2,500,000) 1 400,000 0.925926 370,370.37 2 400,000 0.857339 342,935.53 3 400,000 0.793832 317,532.90 4 400,000 0.73503 294,011.94 5 400,000 0.680583 272,233.28 6 200,000 0.63017 126,033.93 7 200,000 0.58349 116,698.08 8 200,000 0.540269 108,053.78 9 200,000 0.500249 100,049.79 10 200,000 0.463193 92,638.70 11 40,000 0.428883 17,155.31 12 40,000 0.397114 15,884.55 13 40,000 0.367698 14,707.92 14 40,000 0.340461 13,618.44 15 40,000 0.315242 12,609.67 NPV (285,465.82) They should reject this project. c) The NPV in part b is negative, thus, we should reject this project in part (b). rate = 5% rate = 6% Year Cash flows discounting factor PV discounting factor PV 0 (2,500,000) 1 (2,500,000) 1 (2,500,000) 1 400,000 0.952381 380,952 0.943396 377,358 2 400,000 0.907029 362,812 0.889996 355,999 3 400,000 0.863838 345,535 0.839619 335,848 4 400,000 0.822702 329,081 0.792094 316,837 5 400,000 0.783526 313,410 0.747258 298,903 6 200,000 0.746215 149,243 0.704961 140,992 7 200,000 0.710681 142,136 0.665057 133,011 8 200,000 0.676839 135,368 0.627412 125,482 9 200,000 0.644609 128,922 0.591898 118,380 10 200,000 0.613913 122,783 0.558395 111,679 11 40,000 0.584679 23,387 0.526788 21,072 12 40,000 0.556837 22,273 0.496969 19,879 13 40,000 0.530321 21,21.

Cordia Corporation is planning a 15 year project with an initial inv.pdf

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Case study on Queensland Health Payroll Debacle & Queensland Government Bans IBM from IT contracts. Questions: 7. What could IBM have done to prevent the release of its defective payroll system? Solution The queensIsland had banned IBM for further contracts, following report about payroll system it was blamed towards vendorers. In 2010, government started introduction of IBM based Payroll system which makes million bollers over budget and indulge payments to thousands of people.projects initiall expectations is 6.19 million dollars but current estimation cost about 1.2 billion dollars. Early the qeens government has launced enquiry. the report that resluts out from enqury had given in the week.the report gaves a critcal of all members including IBM.The problms which makes project comes dowm, in major failure is by multiple peoape to loose up their responsibility properly,” Richard who led enquery had said that.. then IBM is not allowed to any of the contracts with the state .which was said by Queeens Government. But IBM bought an application to claim up the damage, argue that in agrment signed in 2010 the Government has waved its rights to sue. This afternoon supreme court judge ruled IBM favour.it means that state government cannot go for current damage some defect are found in payroll system when it is launced in 2010 which produce a result that many of the employees in the queen state had remaind withe unpaid and underpaid..

Case study on Queensland Health Payroll Debacle & Queensland Governm.pdf

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Can you give an example of a binary heap program Can you give an example of a binary heap program Solution /* * C Program to Implement a Heap & provide Insertion & Deletion Operation */ #include int array[100], n; main() { int choice, num; n = 0;/*Represents number of nodes in the heap*/ while(1) { printf(\"1.Insert the element \ \"); printf(\"2.Delete the element \ \"); printf(\"3.Display all elements \ \"); printf(\"4.Quit \ \"); printf(\"Enter your choice : \"); scanf(\"%d\", &choice); switch(choice) { case 1: printf(\"Enter the element to be inserted to the list : \"); scanf(\"%d\", &num); insert(num, n); n = n + 1; break; case 2: printf(\"Enter the elements to be deleted from the list: \"); scanf(\"%d\", &num); delete(num); break; case 3: display(); break; case 4: exit(0); default: printf(\"Invalid choice \ \"); }/*End of switch */ }/*End of while */ }/*End of main()*/ display() { int i; if (n == 0) { printf(\"Heap is empty \ \"); return; } for (i = 0; i < n; i++) printf(\"%d \", array[i]); printf(\"\ \"); }/*End of display()*/ insert(int num, int location) { int parentnode; while (location > 0) { parentnode =(location - 1)/2; if (num <= array[parentnode]) { array[location] = num; return; } array[location] = array[parentnode]; location = parentnode; }/*End of while*/ array[0] = num; /*assign number to the root node */ }/*End of insert()*/ delete(int num) { int left, right, i, temp, parentnode; for (i = 0; i < num; i++) { if (num == array[i]) break; } if (num != array[i]) { printf(\"%d not found in heap list\ \", num); return; } array[i] = array[n - 1]; n = n - 1; parentnode =(i - 1) / 2; /*find parentnode of node i */ if (array[i] > array[parentnode]) { insert(array[i], i); return; } left = 2 * i + 1; /*left child of i*/ right = 2 * i + 2; /* right child of i*/ while (right < n) { if (array[i] >= array[left] && array[i] >= array[right]) return; if (array[right] <= array[left]) { temp = array[i]; array[i] = array[left]; array[left] = temp; i = left; } else { temp = array[i]; array[i] = array[right]; array[right] = temp; i = right; } left = 2 * i + 1; right = 2 * i + 2; }/*End of while*/ if (left == n - 1 && array[i]) { temp = array[i]; array[i] = array[left]; array[left] = temp; } } Output:.

Can you give an example of a binary heap programCan you give an .pdf

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All businesses, small or large, depend on data centers. Answer the following questions related to data centers: Define data centers in terms of hardware, software, networks, and client-server architecture/networks What is the relationship between a business firm\'s MIS infrastructure and a business firm\'s data center. What are the implications of cloud computing for data centers? How are SAAS, PAAS, and IAAS related to a firm\'s MIS infrastructure? Solution Data Centers : Its a place of hosting number of system and their related components. Datacenters in terms of hardware, software, networks, client server architecture- could be defined as physical components present collectively like caes, connectors, power supply units, keyboard, mouse, audio speaker. Basically all the physical component that group up and come up a large server to support applications running on it and handle the load.These server as the clients to host the incoming and outgoing traffic to an application like consider a bank system which has complete running website which constitue of the software part will be having numerous amount of incoming request where simultaneously muliple user will be hitting the system at once so the server(present in data center) should be able to handle so many request which will require proper network system, CPUs etc to server it..

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A) The linearity condition is not satisfied. B) The linearity cond.pdf

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4. Records of the missions of Baja California in the form of baptisms and burial records provide an ideal opportunity to examine the consequences of what is known as the \"Colombian Exchange,\" the movement of organisms large and small between the Old and New Worlds after the appearance of Columbus in 1492. The data below are two time series of the numbers of baptisms at two Central Baja missions, San Jose de Comondu and San Gertrudis. The data are for the decade 1770 - 1779. (a) How would you generally describe the trend of baptisms for the two missions over this period? Do the missions appear to show similar trends? Justify your response by appealing to the graph. (b) One of the influences of the meeting of the Old and New Worlds was the transmission of diseases to the native populations, who had developed no natural immunity from European diseases. If there were anecdotal evidence for an outbreak of disease during this time, which mission and what year seems to be the most likely candidate? Again, justify your response by appealing to the graph. (a) How would you generally describe the trend of baptisms for the two missions over this period? Do the missions appear to show similar trends? Justify your response by appealing to the graph. (b) One of the influences of the meeting of the Old and New Worlds was the transmission of diseases to the native populations, who had developed no natural immunity from European diseases. If there were anecdotal evidence for an outbreak of disease during this time, which mission and what year seems to be the most likely candidate? Again, justify your response by appealing to the graph. Solution.

4. Records of the missions of Baja California in the form of baptism.pdf

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4. Cafazzo et al. studied a group of stray dogs in Rome, and ranked them from 1 (most dominant) to 27 (least dominant.) They split the results by gender . Ranks of males: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 11, 12, 13, 14, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21 . Ranks of females: 7, 8, 9, 10, 15, 16, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27 Is there any diference between males and Is there any difference between males and females? Find the two-tailed P-value for: (a) The Wilcoxon rank-sum test. (b) A van der Waerden test Solution.

4. Cafazzo et al. studied a group of stray dogs in Rome, and ranked t.pdf

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You are required to implement all the classes as specified by UML diagram below.The objective of most of the methods is obvious from the given method name and input parameters.I am listing below the explanation of the not-so-obvious methods. PlayList Class: getSong(pos:int) :Song a method that returns the song that is located in the given position (pos). If there is no song in the given position then the method returns null getSongPosition(title:String):int a method that takes the song title as input and returns as output the position of the song in the list. If not found, the method returns -1. Song -title:String -artist: String +Song (title:String, artist:String) +gettitle ():String +getArtist ):String +tostring ) :String PlayList maxNumOfSongs:int -currentNumor Songs: int; +PlayList (maxNumOESongs:int) +getcurrentNumSongs ) :int +addsong (title:String, artist:String) :void +addsong (song:Song):void +getsong (pos:int) :Song +getsongPosition (title:String) :int User nam String - favoriteSongs: PlayList +User (name: String, favoriteSongs: PlayList) +User (name: String) +setFavoriteSongs (1ist: PlayList) :void +getFavoriteSongs) PlayList; +getsong (title:String) :Song +addsong (title:String, artist:String) :void tartistsongCount (artist:String) :int +tostring () :String Solution Please find the implementation of all the classes mentioned in the above UML diagram. Please see comment against each line to get to know the explanation :.

You are required to implement all the classes as specified by UML di.pdf

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Which phyla have phloem sieve elements? Bryophyta Monilophyta Coniferophyta Anthophyta Which phyla have roots? Bryophyta Monilophyta Coniferophyta Anthophyta Which phyla have stems? Bryophyta Monilophyta Coniferophyta Anthophyta Which phyla have stomata and guard cells? Bryophyta Monilophyta Coniferophyta Anthophyta Solution Please find the answers below: Part 32: Choice 4 (Anthophyta, or modern day plants or angiosperms are the most advanced nature of plants which contain complex vascular tissues. They have separate conducting tissues for water and food. Their sieve tubes contain companion cells and other accessory cells as well.) Part 33: Choice 4 (As described above, anthophytes represent the modern day flowering plants or angiosperms. They contain a true stem which gets lignified with time and becomes hard. Although weak and tender stems are also visible and present in ferns and other lower plants, a true hard lignified stem is found in conifers and angiosperms only) Part 34: Choice 4 (The lower plants like bryophytes, pteridophytes etc do not contain true vascular tissues. They are also devoid of any stomatal openings and guard cells. True stomata and guard cells appeared in the flowering plants with diverse functions. Though some conifers also contain stomata but generally, their stomatal openings are minimized to prevent evaporation of water.).

Which phyla have phloem sieve elements Bryophyta Monilophyta Coni.pdf

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Where do hydrogen bonds occur in the DNA structure and how does hydrogen bonding contribute to the secondary structure of DNA? Solution Ans). The two strands of DNA stay together by hydrogen bonds that is complementary nucleotide base pairs. Two hydrogen bonds occur between the adenosine and the thymine base pairs, and three hydrogen bonds occur between the cytosine and the guanine. Secondary structure is the set of interactions between bases. In DNA the two strands of DNA are held together by hydrogen bonds..

Where do hydrogen bonds occur in the DNA structure and how does hydr.pdf

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What is the concept of spoiled identity as it relates to disability? Do you believe that some of all aspects of spoiled identify are inevitable? Solution While interacting with someone we tried to present ourselves to the other participants stigma is an attribute that is discrediting do whatever we are trying to portray to others a particular identity is set to be spoiled by having a stigma associated with it Goffman points of that stigma will have great effect on the human beings. Anyone who is disqualified from social acceptance is stigmatized. Stigma includez physical deformities blemishes or tribal stigma like race and religion. The stigmatized people are rejected and their face discrimination in the society. All these things show the effect on self esteem academic achievement, performance et. Stigmatization is a process in which the minorities are the inferior portions disqualified by the powerful are superior people the stigmatized people become socially excluded based on their characteristics that led to the stigma. . Due to disabilities or external deformities like leprosy Muscular dystrophy cleft lip are considered as what type of stigma gosselin emphasized how stigmatized people manage their child identity before the normal people he also focused on stigma not as fixed or inherent attribute of a person but described it as an experience. In a research it was found that obese and overweight women feel uncomfortable and I\'m not very social which makes other people which come into contact with them become an interesting and it was found that the overweight women developed lower self esteem. Sometimes it is inevitable but research is going on to rule out this..

What is the concept of spoiled identity as it relates to disability.pdf

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111. Twenty-one executives in a large corporation were randomly selected to study the effect of several factors on annual salary (expressed in $000s). The factors selected were age, seniority, years of college, number of company divisions they had been exposed to, and the level of their responsibility. The results of the regression analysis follow. Write out the multiple regression equation. Solution The multiple regression equation is: Annual salary=-0.031 age+0.381 seniority+ 1.452 years of college -0.089 divisions +3.554 level.

111. Twenty-one executives in a large corporation were randomly selec.pdf

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What causes concrete to be hard (change from a fluid state into a hardened state)? Solution Concrete is prepared by mixing cement, water, and aggregate together to make a workable paste. It is molded or placed as desired, consolidated, and then left to harden. Concrete does not need to dry out in order to harden as commonly thought. The concrete (or specifically, the cement in it) needs moisture to hydrate and cure (harden). When concrete dries, it actually stops getting stronger. Concrete with too little water may be dry but is not fully reacted. The properties of such a concrete would be less than that of a wet concrete. The reaction of water with the cement in concrete is extremely important to its properties and reactions may continue for many years. When water is added to cement, each of the compounds undergoes hydration and contributes to the final concrete product. Only the calcium silicates contribute to strength. Tricalcium silicate is responsible for most of the early strength (first 7 days). Dicalcium silicate, which reacts more slowly, contributes only to the strength at later times..

What causes concrete to be hard (change from a fluid state into a ha.pdf

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What are parametric and nonparametric inferential tests? Name and define the two types of chi-square tests. Solution There are two types of test data and consequently different types of analysis. Parametric data has an underlying normal distribution which allows for more conclusions to be drawn as the shape can be mathematically described. Anything else is non-parametric. Parametric methods are those for which we know that the population is approximately normal, or we can approximate using a normal distribution after we invoke the central limit theorem. Non Parametric methods are statistical techniques for which we do not have to make any assumption of normality for the population we are studying. Chi-squared test of independence, Chi-squared Goodness of fit.

What are parametric and nonparametric inferential testsName and d.pdf

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Two terrestrial ecosystems based on photosynthesis and and chemolithosynthesis (hydrothermal vents) trap their energy from specific energy sources. Tidal squeezing has also been suggested. The type of energy sources define the character of the ecosystems observed. What other energy source can you identify that might drive other kinds of ecosystems elsewhere in the universe? Speculate on the type of organisms that might evolve based on that energy source. What would be the characteristics of the primary producers (the organisms that trap the energy)? How can the energy be transferred to the rest of the food chain? What would a planet, where such organisms evolved, be like? DO NOT use energy sources listed above. Use an energy source that is plausible within the laws of physics. Just looking for a few main ideas that I can dive into to finish this promt.. Solution i) Cosmic ray is other kind of energy source that might drive other kinds of ecosystems elsewhere in the universe. ii) The organism might evolve iii) Characteristics of primary producer: iv) The components present in the cosmic ray are absorbed by primary producer. Primary consumer by eating the primary producer absorbed their organic substances and metabolizes them. Secondary consumer behaves quite similarly eating the previous organism. In this way this process goes on from one category organism to another. The transfer of energy through the food chain determines some heat to be lost into the environment according to the thermodynamics which indicates that secondary consumer will have less energy than primary consumer and primary consumer have less energy than producer. This transfer of energy from one trophic level to next is called efficiency of food chain. v) In this scenario.

Two terrestrial ecosystems based on photosynthesis and and chemolith.pdf

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