Ed Norton, a city maintenance worker, is inspecting a sewer line. To.pdf

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Ed Norton, a city maintenance worker, is inspecting a sewer line. To access the sewer line he removes a manhole cover and climbs into the sewer line. City policy requires that protective barriers be placed around any open manholes but Ed is in a hurry so instead he sets out a warning sign and leaves the flashing yellow light on over his truck. Betsy is walking along the street texting with her boyfriend. Not watching where she is going Betsy falls into the manhole and suffers serious injuries. Betsy sues Ed in negligence. 6.Assume that Betsy suffered $50,000 in damages. Discuss the contributory fault defenses that Ed might assert and how the suit would be resolved under the different approaches. Solution In such a case, the fault is with both the parties. Ed should highlight the contributory negligence. Contributory Negligence addresses a way to allocate fault between parties when it is not clear that whose fault is it. If you are negligent, and your negligence causes another person to become injured, then you are legally responsible for paying damages. The concept of contributory negligence is used to characterize conduct that creates an unreasonable risk to one\'s self. The idea is that an individual has a duty to act as a reasonable person. When a person does not act this way and injury occurs, that person may be held entirely or partially responsible for the resulting injury, even though another party was involved in the accident. Ed was at fault because he did not put a protective barrier around the open manholes. But if Betsy had been paying attention to the open manhole, she would not have sufferred injuries. Betsy was not cautious adn is at fault. So Ed definitely does not owe $50,000 in damanges. He owes less than $50,000 (may be 50% or more)..

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Ellen died with the following property: house in joint tenancy with her husband, stocks owned individually, a bank account held individually, and household goods. What schedules must her executor complete? Ellen died with the following property: house in joint tenancy with her husband, stocks owned individually, a bank account held individually, and household goods. What schedules must her executor complete? Solution Schedules B, C, E, F of form 706 Schedule B - Stocks and bonds Schedule C - Mortgages, notes and cash (bank account) Schedule E - Jointly owned Property (house in joint tenancy with her husband) Schedule F - Miscellaneous Property (Household Goods).

Ellen died with the following property house in joint tenancy wi.pdf

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essages in the process of communication. Active listening is very im.pdf

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Can -1^ (1/4) be expressed in terms of i Solution To express (-1)^1/4 and (-1)^(1/6) interms of i. We know that i= (-1)^(1/2) or i^2 = -1. -1 = cos pi +sinpi = cos(2n+1)pi +isin(2n+1)pi Therefore (-1)^1/4 = Cos(2n+1)pi/4+sin(2n+1)pi)/4 = cos(2n+1)pi/2+isin(2n+1)pi/2 , for n = 0,1,2... 1/2^(1/2) +i/sqrt2 , -1/2^(1/2) +i/2^1/2) , -1/2^1/2) -i/2^(1/2) and (1/2^(1/2) +i/2^(1/2). (-1)^1/6 = {cos(2npi+1) +isin(2npi+1)}^(1/6) = cos(2n+1)pi/6 +isin(2n+1)pi/6. for n = 0,1,2,3,.. = (1/2)*3^(1/2) +i(1/2) , i , -(1/2)3^(1/2 ) +i/2 , (1/2)*3^(1/2)-i/2, -i , (1/2)3^(1/2) - i ,.

Can -1^ (14) be expressed in terms of iSolutionTo express (-1.pdf

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digestive disorders of the GI tract Solution The two common digestive disorders of the GI tract are, 1). Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is a lesion of the mucosal layer n the stomach or duodenum that may be caused by pathogenic bacteria or pepsin and other gastric acids. The most common causes of peptic ulcers include the infection caused by the bacterium Helicobacter pylori or H. Pylori, medications that disturb the gastric mucosa, psychological pressures and irregular food habits that result in improper acid secretions that damages gastric mucosa. 2). Gastro esophageal reflux disorder (GERD) is a physiological abnormality in which the acidic contents of stomach reflex into esophagus. The causes of GERD include weakened lower esophageal sphincter, impaired acid clearance in the stomach due to unhealthy food habits and pregnancy, infection with H.pylori and stress. Heart burn and acid indigestion are the common symptoms of GERD..

digestive disorders of the GI tractSolutionThe two common dige.pdf

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Define ionophore and describe how the compound A23187 affects intracellular Ca2+ levels in sperm and the capacitation process. Solution Ionophore are small hydrophobic lipid soluble molecule that disolve in lipid biolayer and increase their permeability to specific inorganic ions . Ionophores shield the charge of the ions to be transported, enabling it to penetrate the hydrophobic interior of the lipid bilayer. there are two kind of ionophores. 1. Mobile ion channels It transports the K+ ions down its electrochemical gradient eg.(Valinomycin ) 2. channel formers - In membrane it form channel. the channel permits the passage of water and univalent cations but not anions eg. (gramisidin). The molecule metioned in the question is a Protein-Tyrosine Kinase (HCK) which involves in various signaling events capacitation is also one of them.The capacitation depends on PKA activation mediated by the Ca2+ and HCO3-dependent soluble adenylyl cyclase. It has been suggested that Ca2+ is transported into the cell by the sperm-specific Ca2+ channel (CatSper) and HCO3 by the Na+/HCO3 cotransporter..

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Describe how a prioritized set of system requirements is developed in the traditional system development life cycle (SDLC). Solution in a tradition sdlc life cycle the system requirements is developed in the following way step1:it first check or evaluate the system and identify the deficiencies.so to evaluate the system they will interview the user of the respected system and discussion will be done with the supporting person step2:afer the evaluation is done then the new system requirements are defined.

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Consider the equation 1 ? 2x = sin x. (a) Use the Intermediate Value Theorem to prove that this equation has a root in the interval (0, pie/4). Check all the criterions in the IVT. (b) Use a graphing calculator to find an interval of length 0.01 that contains this root. Explain how to obtain this interval. Solution (a)f(x)=sinx+2x-1 Notice that, f(0) < 0 and f(pi/4) > 0 Therefore, by the Intermediate Value theorem there exists a zero in the interval [0, pi/4]. Now, is this the only root? f\'(x) = cos x+2 for all x. Therefore, f(x) is strictly increasing and therefore, the root we found above is the ONLY root..

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A binary encoded signal has a bit-rate of Rb = 28 kbps. An Alternate Mark Inversion line-code is used to encode these bits for baseband transmission over copper wire. What would be the transmission bandwidth required to transmit this signal? B = 112 kHz B = infinity B = 28 kHz B = 56 kHz B = 14 kHz B = 7 kHz Solution Speed or bit rate = nfs = Rb Bandwidth minimum is Rb/2 Bandwidth maximum is Rb Normally bandwidth consider to be half of speed Bandwidth = 28/2 Bandwidth = 14 kbps.

A binary encoded signal has a bit-rate of Rb = 28 kbps. An Alternate .pdf

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15.) What kind of reaction occurs between Sudan III and hydrophobic substances? Solution Biological Molecules contain specific chemical structures called functional groups, which can be distinguished by biochemical tests, such as Benedict\'s Iodine, and Sudan III/IV.The Sudan III/IV test is used to detect the hydrocarbon chains of lipids. Sudan is a red, non-polar, dye that forms hydrophobic interactions with the hydrocarbon chains of lipids. Alternatively, the Brown Bag test can also be used to identify lipids due to the oily nature of hydrocarbon chains..

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1.) a.What was the original definition of a virus before it could be seen with electron microscopy? Why is that definition no longer functionally useful? What is the current definition of a virus? b.What are the differences between cellular organisms (i.e., eukaryotes & prokaryotes) and viruses? Can antibiotics be used to treat viral infections? Interferons? Why or why not? Why are some more recently discovered viruses challenging some of these paradigms, especially the one that classifies viruses as non-living? Explain. Solution Ques-1: 1.) What was the original definition of a virus before it could be seen with electron microscopy? Why is that definition no longer functionally useful? What is the current definition of a virus? Answer: According to degeneracy hypothesis, viruses were considered as small cells that can live as parasites in other cells. The other definition of viruses before they were seen under electron microscopy is that the viruses are evolved from macromolecules such as protein and nucleic acid at the time of cells initially appeared on Earth. at the same time as cells first appeared on earth. These definitions are not worked because these viruses are not complete cells because they do not have conspicuous nucleus or cell membrane or any morphological cellular features when observed under electron microscope. Therefore, the new definition of virus has proposed that these are technically living species and it is a small in size composed of virion and a segment of nucleic acid covered by a protein coat referred as capsid often infectious in host cell.

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1.Is the following discrete or continuous, number of brothers a person has? 2.Is the following a statistic or parameter? I asked 4 of the 12 people in our family, if this weekend would be a good time for the birthday party? Solution 1) number of brothers is clearly discrete as it only takes point values (integers) rather than a continous range. 2) This is a statistic because it is description of a sample.

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1. What two types of ICMP messages are received at the sending host executing the traceroute program? 2. True or false: When an OSPF route sends its link state information, it is sent only to those nodes directly attached neighbors. Explain. 1. What two types of ICMP messages are received at the sending host executing the traceroute program? 2. True or false: When an OSPF route sends its link state information, it is sent only to those nodes directly attached neighbors. Explain. 2. True or false: When an OSPF route sends its link state information, it is sent only to those nodes directly attached neighbors. Explain. Solution (1).The two types of messages are received at the srending host executing the traceroute programm is as follows: 1.Port unreachable 2.Time exceeded i.e TTL=0 (2).Answer:True Reason:it utilizes the IP multicast to send link state updates .it confirms little processing on routers which are not concentrating on OSF packets..

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C++ Write a method Node *Node::reverse() which reverses a list. Solution #include #include /* Link list node */ struct node { int data; struct node* next; }; /* Function to reverse the linked list */ static void reverse(struct node** head_ref) { struct node* prev = NULL; struct node* current = *head_ref; struct node* next; while (current != NULL) { next = current->next; current->next = prev; prev = current; current = next; } *head_ref = prev; } /* Function to push a node */ void push(struct node** head_ref, int new_data) { /* allocate node */ struct node* new_node = (struct node*) malloc(sizeof(struct node)); /* put in the data */ new_node->data = new_data; /* link the old list off the new node */ new_node->next = (*head_ref); /* move the head to point to the new node */ (*head_ref) = new_node; } /* Function to print linked list */ void printList(struct node *head) { struct node *temp = head; while(temp != NULL) { printf(\"%d \", temp->data); temp = temp->next; } } /* Driver program to test above function*/ int main() { /* Start with the empty list */ struct node* head = NULL; push(&head, 20); push(&head, 4); push(&head, 15); push(&head, 85); printf(\"Given linked list\ \"); printList(head); reverse(&head); printf(\"\ Reversed Linked list \ \"); printList(head); getchar(); }.

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Briefly describe the pathogenesis of typhoid fever when the bacteria are ingested. Include what happens to an infected individual systemically and how the person succumbs to the infection. Solution Typhoid fever : Typhoid fever, otherwise called enteric fever, is a possibly lethal multisystemic ailment brought about essentially by Salmonella enterica, subspecies enterica serovar typhi and, to a lesser degree, related serovars paratyphi A, B, and C. The mutable appearances of typhoid fever make this malady a genuine symptomatic test. The exemplary presentation incorporates fever, disquietude, diffuse stomach torment, and clogging. Untreated, typhoid fever is an overwhelming sickness that may advance to daze, obtundation, intestinal discharge, inside puncturing, and passing inside 1 month of onset. Survivors might be left with long haul or changeless neuropsychiatric confusions. All pathogenic Salmonella species, when present in the gut are overwhelmed by phagocytic cells, which then go them through the mucosa and present them to the macrophages in the lamina propria. Nontyphoidal salmonellae are phagocytized all through the distal ileum and colon. With toll-like receptor (TLR)–5 and TLR-4/MD2/CD-14 complex, macrophages perceive pathogen- related atomic examples (PAMPs, for example, flagella and lipopolysaccharides. Macrophages and intestinal epithelial cells then pull in T cells and neutrophils with interleukin 8 (IL-8), bringing about irritation and smothering the contamination. As opposed to the nontyphoidal salmonellae, S typhi and paratyphi enter the host\'s framework fundamentally through the distal ileum. They have particular fimbriae that stick to the epithelium over groups of lymphoid tissue in the ileum (Peyer patches), the primary transfer point for macrophages going from the gut into the lymphatic framework. The microscopic organisms then actuate their host macrophages to pull in more macrophages. S typhi has a Vi capsular antigen that veils PAMPs, keeping away from neutrophil-based irritation, while the most well-known paratyphi serovar, paratyphi A, does not. This may clarify the more prominent infectivity of typhi contrasted and the majority of its cousins. Typhoidal salmonella co-pick the macrophages\' cell apparatus for their own particular proliferation as they are helped through the mesenteric lymph hubs to the thoracic conduit and the lymphatics and after that through to the reticuloendothelial tissues of the liver, spleen, bone marrow, and lymph hubs. Once there, they interruption and keep on multiplying until some basic thickness is come to. A while later, the microorganisms incite macrophage apoptosis, breaking out into the circulatory system to attack whatever remains of the body. The microorganisms then taint the gallbladder by means of either bacteremia or direct expansion of contaminated bile. The outcome is that the living being re-enters the gastrointestinal tract in the bile and reinfects Peyer patches. Constant tr.

Briefly describe the pathogenesis of typhoid fever when the bacteria.pdf

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You are working In a lab with several different macromolecules from Francisella tulameria a bacterial species that causes an illness similar to bubonic plague. You drop the lest tube rack containing purified metabolic enzymes, plasma membranes, chromosomes, and cell walls Unfortunately your labels also fell off when the tubes hit the floor. Your lab can detect pentose, hexose, adenine, cytosine, cysteine. and glycerol (AH your other testing equipment is beyond your training and you don\'t want your boss to know you dropped test tubes In lab (bad call, especially r a lab. while working with a biohazardous organism)) What test would you use to differentiate between the tube with DMA and the tube with proteins? What test would you use to differentiate between tubes with carbohydrates and those with DNA? What test would you use to identify the test tube with the plasma membranes\' Fill in the cell structures with an A-D Metabolic enzymes Plasma membranes Chromosomes Cell Walls In the last 20 years, there has been a dramatic increase in the incidence of fluoroquinolone resistant gram negative bacteria in patient samples. Fluoroquinolones are antibiotics (like Cipro and Levaquin) that bind to and inactivate gyrase. Gyrase is an enzyme that is needed to relieve the tension formed by opening a replication fork on both sides of a replication bubble DNA replication of circular DNA. Without functional gyrase. DNA cannot be copied in the affected cells. Researchers have isolated and sequenced the DNA coding part of the gyrase enzyme (gyrA) and found that resistant strains of bacteria typically have mutations that cause them to substitute one amino acid for another. Based on your reading of section A1.3 and review of Module 3 s notes and study guide, predict which alterations would lead to resistance and which would lead to cell death. Explain. Solution We use adenine +cytosine and cystiene detection test perform for DNA and protein. Adenine and cytosine are found in DNA and cystiene is found in protein as making disulphide bridges. So we take 10-15 ul of each sample in different vials and add detection test enzymes of both on each vial. Then we can detect via observing optical density. For carbohydrate and DNA we take hexose (for detecting carbohydrate) and adenine +cytosine for DNA. For plasma membrane, glycerol detection test is required. Glycerol is a key constitute of membrane..

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Write a Regular Expression, requirements: 1. They contain letters, digits, and punctuation symbols 2. They must contain at least a letter and a number, and at least one but at most two punctuation symbols 3. They cannot start with a punctuation symbol Using exclusively the regular expresssion operators epsilon(empty), * (zero or more copies), and + (concatenation), write a regular expression denoting the set of all passwords that satisfy these requirements. For brevity, use: L, D, and P to denote Letter, Digit, and Punctuation, respectively. My answer: ( LD ) ( P + PP ) ( L + D )* + ( DL ) ( P + PP ) ( L + D )* ... but I don\'t think it is correct. Solution So the required expression can be written as follows: ^[ LDP ]* + [ LD ] [ LDP ]*.

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Which of the following is TRUE about alternation of generations? It occurs in haploid organisms Which of the following is TRUE about alternation of generations? It occurs in haploid organisms Solution Answer: It occurs in some multicellular organisms Reason: Alternation of generations lifecycle of the land plants: It occurs in some eukaryotes, in which sporophytic & gametophytic stages both are exhibited by alternating generations (haploid to diploid & diploid to haploid) of plant species and in fungal species. This phenomenon does not occur in all sexually reproducing species In case of land plants, decreased significance of haploid stages of gametophytes and more advanced and developed large pollen and egg cells (megakaryophytes) are produced due to production of flowers with inflorescence, stigma, style, anthers, ovules etc. More dominant- stage of the land plant life cycle (gymnosperm or angiosperm) is the development of sporophytes from a zygote due to fusion of haploid gametes of pollen with female ovules finally to form \"a diploid zygote\" with diploid stages, production of endosperms with cotyledons, seeds, inflorescence, flowers and fruits..

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What do you feel is a good definition of culture? What elements determine a person\'s culture? What role does membership in a group play in a person\'s life?. To what extent do citizens of a country vote based on rational thinking or on emotions? How are a citizen\'s political preferences shaped by membership in a particular group? Solution Culture can be defined as the characteristics and knowledge of a group of people. Language, religion, cuisine, social habits, music, arts, literature all come under the broad umbrella of culture. The Center for Advance Research on Language Acquisition defines culture as similar behavioral pattern, interactions, cognitive constructs and understanding that have been accquired by socialization. The word culture origiates from the Latin \"colore\". It means to grow or cultivate or nurture..

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