Ans j) (1) Ans. These are the parameters are involved The healthcare sector is made up of many different industries – from pharmaceuticals and devices to health insurers and hospitals – and each has different dynamics. Investments in this sector are affected by many variables, including positive trends related to positive trends and negative trends related to reimbursement. Healthcare investing requires a multifaceted approach to understand the underlying drivers. Investors can profit from investments in both the overall sector and/or its industries. This article will detail the differences among the various healthcare industries and which metrics investors should follow before making an investment. Trends in the Healthcare Sector when deciding on a healthcare company in which to invest, keep the following prevalent trends in mind. Changes to or continuations of these trends can have implications for a variety of areas within the healthcare sector. Positive trends are:- 1) Technological advances 2) The global reach of disease 3) Personalized medicine 4) Efficient working performance. 5) Research and development Negative trends are:- 1) expenditure as an increasing share of gross domestic product (GDP) 2) the uninsured 3) cost controls 4)consumerism. If the market is highly efficient, this stock’s market price will have already incorporated this information .So it’s probably too late for her to “capitalize” on the information. An ETF, or exchange-traded fund, is a marketable security that tracks an index, a commodity, bonds, or a basket of assets like an index fund. Unlike mutual funds, an ETF trades like a common stock on a stock exchange. ETFs experience price changes throughout the day as they are bought and sold. ETFs typically have higher daily liquidity and lower fees than mutual fund shares, making them an attractive alternative for individual investors. It trades like a stock MUTUAL FUND:- mutual fund is an investment vehicle made up of a pool of moneys collected from many investors for the purpose of investing in securities such as stocks, bonds, money market instruments and other assets. Mutual funds are operated by professional money managers, who allocate the fund\'s investments and attempt to produce capital gains and/or income for the fund\'s investors. j)(2) Ans. IPOs one in which he and his team invest a significant amount of time and focus. Not only are these companies innovators helping transform the way we live and work, but today’s technology IPO tends to be a larger, more mature company often employing thousands and contributing to economic growth around the world. Stock Exchange has hosted the majority of tech IPOs and, while this may surprise some observers, the evolution of our leadership was driven by many contributing factors. First, many pre-IPO technology companies Importantly opening an office and taking a more active role in the capital formation conversation. An advocate for growth companies, we championed the JO.

1. Ans
j) (1) Ans.
These are the parameters are involved
The healthcare sector is made up of many different industries – from pharmaceuticals and
devices to health insurers and hospitals – and each has different dynamics. Investments in this
sector are affected by many variables, including positive trends related to positive trends and
negative trends related to reimbursement.
Healthcare investing requires a multifaceted approach to understand the underlying drivers.
Investors can profit from investments in both the overall sector and/or its industries. This article
will detail the differences among the various healthcare industries and which metrics investors
should follow before making an investment.
Trends in the Healthcare Sector
when deciding on a healthcare company in which to invest, keep the following prevalent trends
in mind. Changes to or continuations of these trends can have implications for a variety of areas
within the healthcare sector.
Positive trends are:-
1) Technological advances
2) The global reach of disease
3) Personalized medicine
4) Efficient working performance.
5) Research and development
Negative trends are:-
1) expenditure as an increasing share of gross domestic product (GDP)
2) the uninsured
3) cost controls
4)consumerism.
If the market is highly efficient, this stock’s market price will have already incorporated this
information .So it’s probably too late for her to “capitalize” on the information.
An ETF, or exchange-traded fund, is a marketable security that tracks an index, a commodity,
bonds, or a basket of assets like an index fund. Unlike mutual funds, an ETF trades like a
common stock on a stock exchange. ETFs experience price changes throughout the day as they
are bought and sold. ETFs typically have higher daily liquidity and lower fees than mutual fund
shares, making them an attractive alternative for individual investors. It trades like a stock
MUTUAL FUND:-

2. mutual fund is an investment vehicle made up of a pool of moneys collected from many
investors for the purpose of investing in securities such as stocks, bonds, money market
instruments and other assets. Mutual funds are operated by professional money managers, who
allocate the fund's investments and attempt to produce capital gains and/or income for the
fund's investors.
j)(2) Ans.
IPOs one in which he and his team invest a significant amount of time and focus. Not only are
these companies innovators helping transform the way we live and work, but today’s technology
IPO tends to be a larger, more mature company often employing thousands and contributing to
economic growth around the world.
Stock Exchange has hosted the majority of tech IPOs and, while this may surprise some
observers, the evolution of our leadership was driven by many contributing factors. First, many
pre-IPO technology companies
Importantly opening an office and taking a more active role in the capital formation
conversation. An advocate for growth companies, we championed the JOBS Act as part of the
IPO Task Force, testifying on the successful bipartisan bill aligned with the objectives of the tech
and entrepreneurial community, while reducing red tape and providing emerging growth
companies the tools to access capital to hire, invest and grow.
Not all IPOs are well received. And, even if you are able to identify a “hot” issue, it is often
difficult to purchase shares in the initial offering. These deals are generally oversubscribed,
which means that the demand for shares at the offering price exceeds the number of shares
issued. In such instances, investment bankers favour large institutional investors (who are their
best customers), and small investors find it hard, if not impossible, to get in on the ground floor
She can purchase the stock in the after-market, but evidence suggests that if you do not get in on
the ground floor the average IPO underperforms the overall market over the long run Any way
the technology rivals and new technology innovations are main parameters next consumer
satisfaction is most important.
Conclusion:-
Investing in healthcare stocks can provide generous returns, but it is also tedious due to the
many factors affecting stock prices. The healthcare sector is vast, and there are many large and
small companies to choose from in various industries. To help ease the burden, there are
investment vehicles like ETFs and healthcare mutual funds in which you can invest; they can
reduce the volatility of investing in individual stocks by diversifying holdings.
k) Ans.
Behavioural finance borrows insights from psychology to better understand how irrational

3. behaviour can be sustained over time. It is often difficult for traders to take advantage of
mispriced assets. In addition, experiments indicate that investors and managers behave
differently in down markets than they do in up markets. Also, individuals tend to overestimate
their true abilities. This overconfidence may stem from two other biases: self-attribution bias and
hindsight bias. Self-attribution bias refers to people’s tendency to ascribe any success they have
in an activity to their own talents, while blaming failure on bad luck rather than on
theirineptitude.Hindsight bias is the tendency of people to believe, after an event has occurred,
that they predicted it before it actually happened.
Theoretical and empirical evidence suggested that CAPM, EMH and other rational financial
theories did a respectable job of predicting and explaining certain events. However, as time went
on, academics in both finance and economics started to find anomalies and behaviours that
couldn't be explained by theories available at the time. While these theories could explain
certain "idealized" events, the real world proved to be a very messy place in which market
participants often behaved very unpredictably.
Solution
Ans
j) (1) Ans.
These are the parameters are involved
The healthcare sector is made up of many different industries – from pharmaceuticals and
devices to health insurers and hospitals – and each has different dynamics. Investments in this
sector are affected by many variables, including positive trends related to positive trends and
negative trends related to reimbursement.
Healthcare investing requires a multifaceted approach to understand the underlying drivers.
Investors can profit from investments in both the overall sector and/or its industries. This article
will detail the differences among the various healthcare industries and which metrics investors

4. should follow before making an investment.
Trends in the Healthcare Sector
when deciding on a healthcare company in which to invest, keep the following prevalent trends
in mind. Changes to or continuations of these trends can have implications for a variety of areas
within the healthcare sector.
Positive trends are:-
1) Technological advances
2) The global reach of disease
3) Personalized medicine
4) Efficient working performance.
5) Research and development
Negative trends are:-
1) expenditure as an increasing share of gross domestic product (GDP)
2) the uninsured
3) cost controls
4)consumerism.
If the market is highly efficient, this stock’s market price will have already incorporated this
information .So it’s probably too late for her to “capitalize” on the information.
An ETF, or exchange-traded fund, is a marketable security that tracks an index, a commodity,
bonds, or a basket of assets like an index fund. Unlike mutual funds, an ETF trades like a
common stock on a stock exchange. ETFs experience price changes throughout the day as they
are bought and sold. ETFs typically have higher daily liquidity and lower fees than mutual fund
shares, making them an attractive alternative for individual investors. It trades like a stock
MUTUAL FUND:-
mutual fund is an investment vehicle made up of a pool of moneys collected from many
investors for the purpose of investing in securities such as stocks, bonds, money market
instruments and other assets. Mutual funds are operated by professional money managers, who
allocate the fund's investments and attempt to produce capital gains and/or income for the
fund's investors.
j)(2) Ans.
IPOs one in which he and his team invest a significant amount of time and focus. Not only are
these companies innovators helping transform the way we live and work, but today’s technology
IPO tends to be a larger, more mature company often employing thousands and contributing to
economic growth around the world.
Stock Exchange has hosted the majority of tech IPOs and, while this may surprise some
observers, the evolution of our leadership was driven by many contributing factors. First, many

5. pre-IPO technology companies
Importantly opening an office and taking a more active role in the capital formation
conversation. An advocate for growth companies, we championed the JOBS Act as part of the
IPO Task Force, testifying on the successful bipartisan bill aligned with the objectives of the tech
and entrepreneurial community, while reducing red tape and providing emerging growth
companies the tools to access capital to hire, invest and grow.
Not all IPOs are well received. And, even if you are able to identify a “hot” issue, it is often
difficult to purchase shares in the initial offering. These deals are generally oversubscribed,
which means that the demand for shares at the offering price exceeds the number of shares
issued. In such instances, investment bankers favour large institutional investors (who are their
best customers), and small investors find it hard, if not impossible, to get in on the ground floor
She can purchase the stock in the after-market, but evidence suggests that if you do not get in on
the ground floor the average IPO underperforms the overall market over the long run Any way
the technology rivals and new technology innovations are main parameters next consumer
satisfaction is most important.
Conclusion:-
Investing in healthcare stocks can provide generous returns, but it is also tedious due to the
many factors affecting stock prices. The healthcare sector is vast, and there are many large and
small companies to choose from in various industries. To help ease the burden, there are
investment vehicles like ETFs and healthcare mutual funds in which you can invest; they can
reduce the volatility of investing in individual stocks by diversifying holdings.
k) Ans.
Behavioural finance borrows insights from psychology to better understand how irrational
behaviour can be sustained over time. It is often difficult for traders to take advantage of
mispriced assets. In addition, experiments indicate that investors and managers behave
differently in down markets than they do in up markets. Also, individuals tend to overestimate
their true abilities. This overconfidence may stem from two other biases: self-attribution bias and
hindsight bias. Self-attribution bias refers to people’s tendency to ascribe any success they have
in an activity to their own talents, while blaming failure on bad luck rather than on
theirineptitude.Hindsight bias is the tendency of people to believe, after an event has occurred,
that they predicted it before it actually happened.
Theoretical and empirical evidence suggested that CAPM, EMH and other rational financial
theories did a respectable job of predicting and explaining certain events. However, as time went
on, academics in both finance and economics started to find anomalies and behaviours that
couldn't be explained by theories available at the time. While these theories could explain

6. certain "idealized" events, the real world proved to be a very messy place in which market
participants often behaved very unpredictably.