Ppt

2. ధన్య వాదాలుu
ధన్య వాదాలు
Presented by: AYESHA BIBI (30)
UG 1st year BUMS
Under the guidance of:
•Dr .I. Sabita Ma'am
•Dr. Afreen Ghazali Ma'm
(Department of anatomy)
Government nizamia tibbi
college

3. RIBS
• Elastic arches of flat bones
• 12 in number on each side
• Form a large part of thoracic wall & are connected behind to the
vertebral column
• Upper 7 pairs articulate through costal cartilage with the
sternum which form bony anterior, posterior & lateral walls of
bony thoracic cage
• Length increases from 1st to 7th rib & then diminishes from
above downwards
• Space between the ribs is known as - "INTERCOSTAL SPACES"
• Obliquely placed so that Intercostal spaces are in front tahn
behind

4. RIBS
True
ribs
False
ribs
Typical ribs
Atypical ribs

6. False ribs :
a. Vertebrochondral ribs: The
cartilage of 8th, 9th, & 10th ribs
are joined each to the cartilage of
ribs just above
B. Floating Ribs: 11th & 12th

7. TYPICAL RIBS

8. CHARACTERISTICS OF A
TYPICAL RIBS
• Curved
• Angulated
• Twisted
PARTS OF RIBS :
• Anterior end
• Posterior end
• Shaft

9. 1. Anterior end :
Recognised by the presence of a small cup shaped
depression which articulates with the lateral end of the
corresponding costal cartilage
2. Posterior end:
A.Head
B.Neck
2 surfaces:
 Anterior
 Posterior
2 borders:
 Upper
 Lower

10. Tubercle:
I. Medical
articular
part
II. Lateral
non-
articular
part

11. 3. Shaft:
2 surfaces:
External
Internal
2 borders:
Superior
Inferior

12. First rib
No twist
No angle as it is merged
with the tubercle
No costal groove
Most curved
Shortest of all ribs
Broad & flat from above
downwards
Single facet on the head
Second rib
It has no twist - both ends
of this rib touch any plane
surface
Single slight angle
Twice as long as 1st ribs
Head is small & bears 2
facets
Neck is small
Tubercle is divided
Surfaces are external &
internal

13. 10th rib :
•The head bears a single articular
facet which articulates with the facet
near the upper body of 10th thoracic
vertebra
•Other features are same as in typical
ribs

14. 11th rib :
①Head bears only one large articular facet
which articulates with 11th TV
②Doesn't possess neck or tubercle
③No articulation with transverse process of
11th TV
④Costal groove on the internal surface is
faint and shallow
⑤Has slight angle
⑥Anterior end is pointed

15.  It Has no angle
 It Has no twist
 It Has no neck , no tubercle & no costal
groove
 It Has single large articular facet on the
head which articulates with 12th TV ; no
articulation with transverse process
 Anterior end is pointed
 2 surfaces : external & internal
 2 borders : upper & lower
12th rib:

16. Costal cartilage
1. 12 number on each side
2. Pieces of hyaline cartilage extend in
front from anterior ends of the ribs :
→first 7 pairs connected to sternum;
→8th, 9th & 10th are articulated each
with lower border of the cartilage;
→11th & 12th cartilages are pointed &
end in muscular wall of the abdomen

17. 3. Each cartilage has :
2surfaces : anterior & posterior
2 borders. : superior & inferior
2 ends : lateral & medial

18. STERNUM :
•Long flat bone lies in the
medial part of anterior
thoracic wall
•It 17cm long
•Upper end articulates
with clavicle; margins
articulates with costal
cartilage of first 7 pairs of
ribs
•Parts:- a) manubrium
b)body c)

19. 1. Manubrium:
• Nearly trianglur in shape
• Broad & thick above; narrow below
at its junction with the body
• Opposite to level of 3rd & 4th
thoracic vertebra
• It possesses -
2 surfaces: anterior & posterior.
4 borders : superior, inferior &
2lateral

20. 2. Body of sternum :
• Long narrow, thin
nearly rectangular
• Lies opposite to 5th
to 9th thoracic
vertebra
• It possesses -
2 surfaces: anterior &
posterior
2 ends: upper & lower
2 lateral borders

21. 3. Xyphoid process:
• Shape & size is variable
• Smallest part of sternum lies in
epigastrium
• Cartilaginous in young persons & ossified
in adults
• Posterior surface is related to left love of
the liver

23. When life
throws
you a
bone
learn,
it's
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