b). Ss = Heterozygous = Some sickled red blood cells In case of sickle cell anaemia, two alleles may cause sickle cell anaemia but carrying one allele is advantageous in regions where malaria is common because this single copy of allele offers resistance against malaria. Thus, many people still carry the allele of sickle cell anaemia, as natural selection does not remove it; this is called “balanced polymorphism.” Thus, people carrying one copy of sickle cell disease-causing allele migrated to the regions of Africa and develops resistance to malaria parasite. They passed this protective allele to their offspring. However, two carriers with protective allele might have a child with sickle cell disease. Today, the prevalence of malaria parasite is decreased well by artificial control methods. This change in climate caused decreased number of sickle cell allele carriers. Solution b). Ss = Heterozygous = Some sickled red blood cells In case of sickle cell anaemia, two alleles may cause sickle cell anaemia but carrying one allele is advantageous in regions where malaria is common because this single copy of allele offers resistance against malaria. Thus, many people still carry the allele of sickle cell anaemia, as natural selection does not remove it; this is called “balanced polymorphism.” Thus, people carrying one copy of sickle cell disease-causing allele migrated to the regions of Africa and develops resistance to malaria parasite. They passed this protective allele to their offspring. However, two carriers with protective allele might have a child with sickle cell disease. Today, the prevalence of malaria parasite is decreased well by artificial control methods. This change in climate caused decreased number of sickle cell allele carriers..