description about radiodiagnosis and imaging services and its importance of health care services toward the society .

1. UNIT-II
RADIODIAGNOSIS AND IMAGING
SERVICES
DR.ANJALATCHI M.SC(N)
MD(AM)MB(HA)

2. LEARNING OBJECTIVE
• INTRODUCTION
• DEFINITION
• OBJECTIVE
• MODERN RADIOLOGY

3. INTRODUCTION

4. What is Radiology

5. DEFINITION
• Radio diagnosis is a branch of medical
science, which focuses on the use of radiation,
ultrasound, and magnetic resonance as
diagnostic, therapeutic, and research tools in
medicinal practices. It is related to anatomy,
pathology, physiology, and interventional
procedures.

6. Diagnosis radiology

7. Diagnosis radiology

8. Continued
• The diagnosis of disease by means of X-rays
and (in later use) other imaging
techniques; diagnostic radiology.
• diagnosis by means of radiography or
radioscopy.
• Radiology is the medical discipline that
uses medical imaging to diagnose and treat
diseases within the bodies of animals,
including humans.

9. RADIODIAGNOSIS CONSIST
• A variety of imaging techniques such as X-
ray radiography, ultrasound, computed
tomography (CT), nuclear
medicine including positron emission
tomography (PET), fluoroscopy, and magnetic
resonance imaging (MRI) are used to diagnose or
treat diseases. Interventional radiology is the
performance of usually minimally
invasive medical procedures with the guidance of
imaging technologies such as those mentioned
above.

10. MODERN PRACTIVE OF RADIOLOGY
• The modern practice of radiology involves several different healthcare
professions working as a team. The radiologist is a medical doctor who has
completed the appropriate post-graduate training and interprets medical
images, communicates these findings to other physicians by means of a
report or verbally, and uses imaging to perform minimally invasive medical
procedures.[1][2]
• The nurse is involved in the care of patients before and after imaging or
procedures, including administration of medications, monitoring of vital
signs and monitoring of sedated patients.[3] The radiographer, also known
as a "radiologic technologist" in some countries such as the United
States and Canada, is a specially trained healthcare professional that uses
sophisticated technology and positioning techniques to produce medical
images for the radiologist to interpret.
• Depending on the individual's training and country of practice, the
radiographer may specialize in one of the above-mentioned imaging
modalities or have expanded roles in image reporting

11. CONTINUED
• Modern technology gives doctors many
options when it comes to diagnosing a
patient’s condition. Some techniques are
invasive, others exploratory, and others are
minimally or non-invasive. Diagnostic
radiology refers to a group of methods that
utilize non-invasive techniques to identify and
monitor certain diseases.

12. CLINICAL OBJECTIVE

13. OBJECTIVE

14. HISTORY

15. DEPARTMENT OF RADIOLOGY

16. Diagnostic Imaging
• Diagnostic radiology refers to the field of medicine that uses non-invasive
imaging scans to diagnose a patient. The tests and equipment used
sometimes involves low doses of radiation to create highly detailed images
of an area.
• Examples of diagnostic radiology include:
• Radiography (X-rays)
• Ultrasound
• Computed Tomography (CT) Scans
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Scans
• Nuclear Medicine Scans
• Diagnostic radiology can be used to identify a wide range of problems.
Broken bones, heart conditions, blood clots, and gastrointestinal
conditions are just a few of the problems that can be identified by
diagnostic imaging.
• In addition to identifying problems, doctors can use diagnostic radiology to
monitor how your body is responding to a current treatment. Diagnostic
radiology can also screen for diseases such as breast cancer and colon
cancer.

17. Technology Used in Radiology
• The technology and machinery used in radiology varies from method to method.
Some use radiation while others do not.
• The most common machines used in radiology are:
• X-ray Machine: Uses X-rays, a type of electromagnetic radiation, to produce
images of the interior of the body without having to make any incisions.
• CT Scanner: Uses X-ray equipment to create a sequence of cross-sectional images
of the body. Often used when a doctor needs highly detailed images to study in
order to identify the source of a problem, especially on soft tissue.
• MRI Machine: Uses a magnetic field instead of radiation to produce images of the
inside of a body. Used for parts of the body that CT scanners cannot produce clear
images of, such as bones.
• Some of the diagnostic tests may require compounds to be ingested or chemicals
to be injected for a clear view of your blood veins. Other tests may require
anesthesia and a scope in order for a doctor to clearly determine the problem.

18. INTERVENTIONAL RADIOLOGY

19. Interventional Radiology
• Interventional radiology uses imaging technology such as CT scans,
MRI, and Ultrasounds to help guide medical procedures. This
technology eliminates the need for surgery and scopes to diagnose
and treat certain conditions. Instead, patients are often awake
during the procedure or under very mild sedation.
• Common uses for interventional radiology include:
• Treating cancers
• Treating blockages in arteries or veins
• Treating back pain
• Treating liver and kidney problems
• Interventional radiologists are highly specialized radiologists who
have extra training and experience to safely and accurately perform
these procedures.

20. MEDICAL IMAGING

21. NUCLEAR MEDICINE

22. Radiology techniques

23. X RAY PRODUCTION

24. PLANNING AND ORGANIZATION

27. PHYSICAL FACILITIES

29. LOCATION /SIZE/ADMINISTRATIVE
AREA

30. LAYOUT

31. RECEPTIONAL AREA

32. PROCEDURE ROOM AND CHANGING
ROOMS

33. INVESTIGATION ROOMS

34. SAFETY CONSIDERATION

35. RULES /CODE FOR AERB SAFETY

36. PLAN RADIATION PROTECTION

39. PROJECTION RADIOGRAPHY

40. XRAYS ROOM

41. LOCATION OF X RAY ROOM

43. ROOM SIZE AND SHIELDING

44. CONTROL ROOM

45. DARK ROOM

46. DARK ROOM

47. CONTINUED

48. X RAY ROOM CONSTRUCTION

49. DARK ROOM

50. TYPE OF ENTRANCE

51. ENTRANCE CRITERIA

52. CONTINUED

53. CONTINUED

54. CONTINUED

55. DARK ROOM EQUIPMENTS

56. CASSETTES

57. SAFELIGHT

58. PROCESSING TANKS

59. CONTINUED

60. HANGERS

61. PROCESS OF X RAYS

62. HANGER AND AUTOMATIC PROCESSOR

63. CASSETTE TRANFER CABINET

64. Mobile equipment

65. Safety personnel

66. Continued

67. X RAY ROOM

69. EQUIPMENTS

70. LIST OF EQUIPMENT IN X RAY
DEPARTMENT

71. CONTI NUED

72. MOBILE /C –ARM/ X RAYS SYSTEM

73. POSITION FOR X RAYS TAKEN

74. Radiations standard

75. HOW TO READ X RAYS

77. REGULATORY BODY

78. MRI AND CT ROOM

79. CONSENT IN RADIOLOGY PRACTICE

80. NUCLEAR IMAGING AREA

81. HOT AREA

82. CONTINUED

83. ELECTRICAL SUPPLY

84. FUNCTIONAL AREA

85. AUXILLARY AREA

86. ANCILLARY AREA

89. EQUIPMENTS

90. THE VARIOUS EQUIPMENT ARE

91. RADIODIAGNOSIS DEPT

92. EQUIPMENTS MAINTENANCE

93. LICENCE OF RADIOLOGY DEPT

94. MANAGERIAL ISSUES

95. MANAGEMENT ISSUES

96. TYPE OF RADIATION HAZARD

97. RADIATION HAZARDS

98. RADIO PROTECTION

99. FOR PATIENTS

100. FOR PUBLIC

101. FOR STAFF

102. NEW DEVELOPEMENTS

103. TELE RADIOLOGY

104. HEALTH WORKER SURVEILLANCE

105. SUMMARY
• Summary
• Diagnostic imaging lets doctors look inside your body for
clues about a medical condition. A variety of machines and
techniques can create pictures of the structures and
activities inside your body. The type of imaging your doctor
uses depends on your symptoms and the part of your body
being examined. They include
• X-rays
• CT scans
• Nuclear medicine scans
• MRI scans
• Ultrasound

106. Continued
• Many imaging tests are painless and easy. Some
require you to stay still for a long time inside a
machine. This can be uncomfortable. Certain tests
involve exposure to a small amount of radiation.
• For some imaging tests, doctors insert a tiny camera
attached to a long, thin tube into your body. This tool is
called a scope. The doctor moves it through a body
passageway or opening to see inside a particular organ,
such as your heart, lungs, or colon. These procedures
often require anesthesia.

107. CONCLUSION
• I hope you understand about the radio-
diagnosis and imaging services and its
importance in health care services .

108. REREENCES
• 1. By.S.L..Goel “health care system and management “ Deep and
deep publisher,
• 2. Heinz Weihrich and Harold Koontz ,Management –A Global
perspective,10th Edition, Mc Grawhill International Edition,
Singapore.
• 3.ElsVan Ooijen,Clinical Supervision,2000,Churchill
Livingston,London.
• 4.Sakti Gupta,Sunil Kant,Hospital and Health Care administration-
Appraisal & Referral Treatise,1998,Jaypee Brothers,New Delhi
• 5.Jennifer Mackenzie,Ward Management in Practice,1998, Churchill
Livingston,London.
• 6.Sayed Amin Tabish ,Hospitals and Nursing Homes Planning
Organizations and Management,2005, Jaypee Brothers ,New Delhi

109. Quesion related to the topic
• Define the radiology?
• Define the goal/purpose/aimof radiology ?