Running header: THE MENACE OF OBESTIY 1 The Menace of Obesity Rodney Martinez Columbia Southern University The menace of obesity: Stern & Kazaks (2009) defined obesity as a health condition that is associated with excess body fat that is gained by environmental and genetic factors that are difficult to control during dieting. Obesity is classified as having a Body Mass Index (BMI) of 30 or above. BMI is a tool that measures obesity in an individual. The personal or community effects of obesity will be discussed. It will include a discussion on one factor that contributes to childhood or adult obesity and two prevention measures that relate to the selected factor. Finally, a discussion on one sociological theory that relates to the selected contributing factor to obesity will be given to provide a better understanding on what we as Americans define being obesity. Effects of Obesity The cost of obesity is known to go beyond those pertaining to personal health, including heart diseases, type II diabetes’ and bone and joint disease. Obesity has a lifelong financial impact on the individual, family members and the community at large, because of the medical bills to treat diseases. Kopelman (2010) stated that this worsens the situations since this individual is less productive financially due to the health condition and thus leaving the burden to family members and the community. According to a recent report from the Department of Health Policy at George Washington University's School of Public Health and Health Services, the tangible annual health- and work-related costs of obesity for a woman amount to $4,789 more than a woman of average weight would pay. For an obese man, those added costs are $2,646 annually. One of the main contributing factors to childhood or adult obesity is a lifestyle. Eckel (2003) argued that overeating with in a combination with a sedentary lifestyle has been known to contribute to obesity. If you take foods in which a high percentage of calories come from high-fat, refined and sugary foods that will easily make you gain weight and high chances of being obese if you continue with that diet for long without counteracting practices. As more American families consume diets on the go and more people looking for low-cost foods, more people will reach high-calorie and fatty foods and beverages such as fast food. Preventive Measures of Obesity One of the preventive measures that can be taken to avoid obesity is changing behaviors which will affect these lifestyle choices. Choosing whole grains such as whole bread and brown rice rather than white rice and while bread. These foods are richer in fiber and nutrients and thus the body absorb them more slowly and therefore will not cause a rapid spike in insulin. Eating less fatty foods will also reduce excess calories in the bath. (Waters, E. 2010) stated that another preventive measure that is recommended is exercising every day, this will help in burning exce.

1. Running header: THE MENACE OF OBESTIY 1
The Menace of Obesity
Rodney Martinez
Columbia Southern University
The menace of obesity: Stern & Kazaks (2009) defined obesity
as a health condition that is associated with excess body fat that
is gained by environmental and genetic factors that are difficult
to control during dieting. Obesity is classified as having a Body
Mass Index (BMI) of 30 or above. BMI is a tool that measures
obesity in an individual. The personal or community effects of
obesity will be discussed. It will include a discussion on one
factor that contributes to childhood or adult obesity and two
prevention measures that relate to the selected factor. Finally, a
discussion on one sociological theory that relates to the selected

2. contributing factor to obesity will be given to provide a better
understanding on what we as Americans define being obesity.
Effects of Obesity
The cost of obesity is known to go beyond those pertaining to
personal health, including heart diseases, type II diabetes’ and
bone and joint disease. Obesity has a lifelong financial impact
on the individual, family members and the community at large,
because of the medical bills to treat diseases. Kopelman (2010)
stated that this worsens the situations since this individual is
less productive financially due to the health condition and thus
leaving the burden to family members and the community.
According to a recent report from the Department of Health
Policy at George Washington University's School of Public
Health and Health Services, the tangible annual health- and
work-related costs of obesity for a woman amount to $4,789
more than a woman of average weight would pay. For an obese
man, those added costs are $2,646 annually.
One of the main contributing factors to childhood or adult
obesity is a lifestyle. Eckel (2003) argued that overeating with
in a combination with a sedentary lifestyle has been known to
contribute to obesity. If you take foods in which a high
percentage of calories come from high-fat, refined and sugary
foods that will easily make you gain weight and high chances of
being obese if you continue with that diet for long without
counteracting practices. As more American families consume
diets on the go and more people looking for low-cost foods,
more people will reach high-calorie and fatty foods and
beverages such as fast food.
Preventive Measures of Obesity
One of the preventive measures that can be taken to avoid
obesity is changing behaviors which will affect these lifestyle
choices. Choosing whole grains such as whole bread and brown
rice rather than white rice and while bread. These foods are
richer in fiber and nutrients and thus the body absorb them more
slowly and therefore will not cause a rapid spike in insulin.
Eating less fatty foods will also reduce excess calories in the

3. bath. (Waters, E. 2010) stated that another preventive measure
that is recommended is exercising every day, this will help in
burning excess calories in the body and thus keeping you
physically fit and reduce chances of heart diseases.
Big Fat Globalization Theory
A big Fat globalization theory is a sociological theory that
relates to lifestyles as a factor contributing to obesity.
According to Kopelman (2010), it has been known that obesity
follows a socioeconomic gradient and thus adversely affects the
poor. This theory explores obesity as a consequence of
globalization factors and lifestyles such as labor market
deregulation. The poor are forced to work for long hours and
lower job security and low wages and thus have fewer
opportunities of burning calories and are also more likely to
consume fatty fast-foods. These conditions have led to higher
levels of obesity in the poor populations and in countries that
adopted neo-liberal labor market reforms in their economic
systems.
Literature Review
Obesity is seen as a menace that is increasing slowly in the
global society. The United States is considered the breeding
ground of this menace. Adults and children are subjected to the
obesity due to many reasons. There should be taken a proper
care in estimating the causes behind the instigation of obesity
and preventive measures should be applied accordingly. Proper
measures will lead to a better environment in a society and it
will not devour the societies across the world.
It is believed that obesity is such an ailment that harms
individuals with its effects along with it incorporates many
other diseases which lead to a destruction in life of an
individual. Eating too much or by other reasons people might be
subjected to obesity. In my community I have seen many obese
people, which include a few children and adults. I have seen
that a few obese children and teens got subjected to Type 2
diabetes. Type 2 diabetes, in the early ages of a human being, is

4. a very dangerous disease. I saw that a few adults faced
detrimental effects due to obesity. Obesity caused a few adults
to become prone to diseases such as Type 2 diabetes, abnormal
blood fats, and metabolic syndrome. Theoretically speaking, it
is researched that adults become prone to several diseases along
with above mentioned diseases. These diseases include coronary
heart disease, stroke, osteoarthritis, sleep apnea, reproductive
problems, gallstones, obesity hypoventilation syndrome and
even cancer (“What Are the Health Risks of Overweight and
Obesity?”, N.d.). But these diseases are not limited to just the
above mentioned. People are seen to have shown symptoms of
many other diseases.
There are found many causes of obesity. The primary cause of
obesity is lack of energy balance (“What Causes Overweight
and Obesity?”, N.d.). Eating food in heavy volume, which
contains too many calories and not using this energy to
complete any activity primarily causes obesity. Other causes
such as high intake of carbonated drinks, junk foods, fast food
etc. Also contribute in making people obese. Sedentary lifestyle
and binge eating also contributes towards obesity while
watching television.
Various preventive measures which include healthy regimes can
be taken to reduce the effects of obesity on an individual. I saw
a few people getting better day by day in the community using
some preventive measures. These preventive measures included
healthy eating planning, making healthy food choices etc. One
should assess how much calories he needs and accordingly, he
should intake that much calories only (“How Can Overweight
and Obesity Be Prevented?”, N.d.). People in the community
participated in physical activities which limited the use of
televisions, computers, and video games, and worked towards
burning of essential calories, which further led obesity free life
(“How Can Overweight and Obesity Be Prevented?”, N.d.).
As described above, the cause of obesity is often imbalanced
food habits. Since food habits very much relate to cultures, as
people from United States eat something different than people

5. in India or China, the cause of obesity can be explained using
the view of symbolic interaction theory of sociology. According
to the symbolic interaction theory, people impose subjective
meanings of objects, behaviors and events. It is a fact that
people behave based on what they believe, they don’t try to be
rational and do not give much importance to the thing that is
objectively true (Crossman, n.d.). The American people tend to
eat food that includes fast food and carbonated beverages. The
American people, accordingly, believe that adhering to such a
food culture will connect them to the mainstream American
society. This causes them to eat without proper assessment and
hence become prone to obesity. Hence, it can be said that
culture is a big contributing factor towards obesity. According
to (T Lobstein, L Baur, R Vauy, 2004)Obesity in Children is
treated differently as in the vase of adults. A general factor is,
however, common and ought to be embraced by each family
member, that is, weight management program that ensures the
designated goals of kicking obesity out are met.
In conclusion, obesity is a major health problem which is
gradually assuming the form of an epidemic. Grownups and
youngsters are subjected to the obesity due to many causes. In
that location should be taken a proper care in estimating the
drives behind the instigation of obesity and preventive steps
should be used accordingly. Proper measures will contribute to
a more honest environment in a society and it will not devour
the societies across the Earth.
These clauses are linked up to the overweight and obesity and
how it is directly influenced by the food chain market of
America. As according to the National Health and Nutrition
Examination Survey (NHANES 2003-2006 and 2007-2008),
over two third Adult of United State of America are overweight
or obsess and over one third are obsessives. In that respect is
neither any particular causes nor any special treatment for
overweight and obesity. But in general, there are lots of genetic,
environmental, behavioral and socioeconomic factors that
contribute to overweight and obesity. But it is also true that

6. expansion of food chain restaurants also contributed in
increasing the rate of overweight and obesity of Americans.
From 1971 to 2000, the obesity rate has increased from 14.5 %
to 30.9 %. Now it is observed that 67 % population of the USA
is overweight (NHANES, 2003-2008).
The two surprising things which I learnt from the articles are
that the USA is spending $39,030,000, 000 in obesity related
medical expenditure. That is the huge amount for any country to
spend on medical expenditure and especially on one major
health related issue. The second surprising fact is that American
is on top where the people are consuming the highest number of
calories per day. On average, Americans are consuming 3760
calories per day and they are burning only 1850 calories per
day. We can see that there is a large gap in consumption and
burning out of the calories that results in high rates of obesity
and overweight.
Yes, it is true that if someone will take poor diet like less
nutritious or less quantity or more junk food are very prone to
the overweight and obesity because sometimes poor diet
becomes the reason of another disease like heart diseases, blood
pressures or any other health related issues. So poor diet also
contributes directly or indirectly in increasing the obesity and
overweight types of health problems. Sometime cultural
difference can also contribute in increasing the obesity and
overweight. For example - when the kids and adults eat more
meats and other non-veg items, they are very prone to have
these types of health issues because of high consumption of oil,
high calorie food and alcohol, etc. Besides it, the environment
and living of the standard also an effect on the health issue of a
person. If a person is able to have balance between his
consumption and burning out of calories, he would be able to
overcome the issue of obesity and overweight.
It is true that Studies and research are showing the results that
Americans prefer to eat more junk foods rather than veg and
nutritious food. Junk food has high levels of saturated fat that
influence negatively on the body and contribute in increasing

7. the overweight and obesity. There is no doubt that junk foods
are directly linked to the diseases like high Blood pressure,
diabetes, cholesterol and other major diseases due to high intake
of fat, oil, sugar and less nutrients required for a body. It is
easy to observe how the junk foods are impacting our body
negatively through regular observation, continuous checking the
body weight, feeling the other changes in the body like
dullness, insomnia, less stamina and other major changes that
discourage us to work actively and efficiently because it
reduces our productivity and efficiency of performing the task.
These articles are related to the overweight and obesity and how
it is directly influenced by the food chain market of America.
As according to the National Health and Nutrition Examination
Survey (NHANES 2003-2006 and 2007-2008), over two third
Adult of United State of America are overweight or obsess and
over one third are obsessives. There is neither any particular
causes nor any particular treatment for overweight and obesity.
But in general, there are lots of genetic, environmental,
behavioral and socioeconomic factors that contribute to
overweight and obesity. But it is also true that expansion of
food chain restaurants also contributed in increasing the rate of
overweight and obesity of Americans. From 1971 to 2000, the
obesity rate has increased from 14.5 % to 30.9 %. Now it is
observed that 67 % population of the USA is overweight
(NHANES, 2003-2008).
The two surprising things which I learnt from the articles are
that the USA is spending $39,030,000, 000 in obesity related
medical expenditure. That is the huge amount for any country to
spend on medical expenditure and especially on one major
health related issue. The second surprising fact is that American
is on top where the people are consuming the highest number of
calories per day. On average, Americans are consuming 3760
calories per day and they are burning only 1850 calories per
day. We can see that there is a large gap in consumption and
burning out of the calories that results in high rates of obesity
and overweight.

8. Yes, it is true that if someone will take poor diet like less
nutritious or less quantity or more junk food are very prone to
the overweight and obesity because sometimes poor diet
becomes the reason of another disease like heart diseases, blood
pressures or any other health related issues. So poor diet also
contributes directly or indirectly in increasing the obesity and
overweight types of health problems. Sometime cultural
difference can also contribute in increasing the obesity and
overweight. For example - when the kids and adults eat more
meats and other non-veg items, they are very prone to have
these types of health issues because of high consumption of oil,
high calorie food and alcohol, etc. Besides it, the environment
and living of the standard also an effect on the health issue of a
person. If a person is able to have balance between his
consumption and burning out of calories, he would be able to
overcome the issue of obesity and overweight.
It is true that Studies and research are showing the results that
Americans prefer to eat more junk foods rather than veg and
nutritious food. Junk food has high levels of saturated fat that
influence negatively on the body and contribute in increasing
the overweight and obesity. There is no doubt that junk foods
are directly linked to the diseases like high Blood pressure,
diabetes, cholesterol and other major diseases due to high intake
of fat, oil, sugar and less nutrients required for a body. It is
easy to observe how the junk foods are impacting our body
negatively through regular observation, continuous checking the
body weight, feeling the other changes in the body like
dullness, insomnia, less stamina and other major changes that
discourage us to work actively and efficiently because it
reduces our productivity and efficiency of performing the task.
The following illustration reflexes on the BMI is considered to
be obese:
Body Mass Index (BMI) is a person's weight in kilograms
divided by the square of height in meters. A high BMI can be an
indicator of high body fatness. BMI can be used as a screening
tool, but is not diagnostic of the body fatness or health of an

9. individual.
· If your BMI is less than 18.5, it falls within the underweight
range.
· If your BMI is 18.5 to 24.9, it falls within the normal or
healthy weight range.
· If your BMI is 25.0 to 29.9, it falls within the overweight
range.
· If your BMI is 30.0 or higher, it falls within the obese range.
Note: At an individual level, BMI can be used as a screening
tool, but is not diagnostic of the body fatness or the health of an
individual. A trained health care provider should perform
appropriate health assessments in order to evaluate an
individual's health status and risks.
See the following table for an example.
Height
Weight Range
BMI
Considered
5' 9"
124 lbs or less
Below 18.5
Underweight
125 lbs to 168 lbs
18.5 to 24.9
Healthy weight
169 lbs to 202 lbs
25.0 to 29.9
Overweight
203 lbs or more
30 or higher
Obese

10. Reference
1. How Can Overweight and Obesity Be Prevented? (N.d.).
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. National Institute of
Health (NIH). Retrieved May 22, 2015, from
http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-
topics/topics/obe/prevention
2. What Causes Overweight and Obesity? (N.d.). National
Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. National Institute of Health
(NIH). Retrieved May 22, 2015, from
http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/obe/causes
3. What Are the Health Risks of Overweight and Obesity?
(N.d.). National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. National
Institute of Health (NIH). Retrieved May 22, 2015, from
http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/obe/risks
4. Crossman, A. (N.d.). Symbolic Interaction Theory. Retrieved
May 22, 2015, from http://sociology.about.com/od/Sociological-
Theory/a/Symbolic-Interaction-Theory.htm
5. Eckel, R. H. (2003). Obesity: Mechanisms and clinical
management. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
6. Kopelman, P. G., Caterson, I. D., & Dietz, W. H. (2010).
Clinical obesity in adults and children. Chichester, West
Sussex: Wiley-Blackwell.
7. Stern, J. S., & Kazaks, A. (2009). Obesity: A reference
handbook. Santa Barbara, Calif: ABC-CLIO.
8. Waters, E., Swinburn, B., Seidell, J., & Uauy, R. (2010).

11. Preventing Childhood Obesity: Evidence Policy and Practice.
New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons.
9. http://www.cdc.gov/obesity/adult/defining.html
10. http://www.cnbc.com/id/40454592
EH 1020, English Composition II 1
Course Description
English Composition II contains an advanced introduction to the
basic concepts and requirements of college-level
writing. The course includes additional skills, methods, and
techniques to improve and polish the student’s completed
written documents.
Course Material(s)
No physical textbook is required; resources are integrated
within the course.
Course Learning Outcomes
Upon completion of this course, students should be able to:
1. Implement ideas of the writing situation, genre, and audience
learned in English Composition I.
2. Develop an academically valid research topic.

12. 3. Identify parts of an argument through persuasive writing.
4. Conduct research resulting in an annotated bibliography.
5. Produce an argumentative research paper.
6. Utilize the accepted APA style and conventions.
Credits
Upon completion of this course, the students will earn three (3)
hours of college credit.
Course Structure
1. Study Guide: Each unit contains a Study Guide that provides
students with the learning outcomes, unit lesson,
required reading assignments, and supplemental resources. Be
sure to open the study guide documents in each
unit of this course as all of the course content is found in the
study guides.
2. Learning Outcomes: Each unit contains Learning Outcomes
that specify the measurable skills and knowledge
students should gain upon completion of the unit.
3. Unit Lesson: Each unit contains a Unit Lesson composed of
interactive Adobe Captivate lessons that discuss
lesson material. Transcripts for each of the lessons are also
available in each unit.
4. Learning Activities (Non-Graded): These non-graded
Learning Activities are provided to aid students in their
course of study.

13. 5. Discussion Boards: Discussion Boards are part of all CSU
term courses. More information and specifications
can be found in the Student Resources link listed in the Course
Menu bar.
6. Unit Assignments: Students are required to submit for
grading Unit Assignments in Units II-VIII. Specific
information and instructions regarding these assignments are
provided below. Grading rubrics are included with
each assignment. Specific information about accessing these
rubrics is provided below.
7. Ask the Professor: This communication forum provides you
with an opportunity to ask your professor general or
course content related questions.
8. Student Break Room: This communication forum allows for
casual conversation with your classmates.
EH 1020, English Composition II
Course Syllabus
EH 1020, English Composition II 2
CSU Online Library
The CSU Online Library is available to support your courses
and programs. The online library includes databases,
journals, e-books, and research guides. These resources are
always accessible and can be reached through the library
webpage. To access the library, log into the myCSU Student
Portal, and click on “CSU Online Library.” You can also

14. access the CSU Online Library from the “My Library” button on
the course menu for each course in Blackboard.
The CSU Online Library offers several reference services. E-
mail ([email protected]) and telephone
(1.877.268.8046) assistance is available Monday – Thursday
from 8 am to 5 pm and Friday from 8 am to 3 pm. The
library’s chat reference service, Ask a Librarian, is available
24/7; look for the chat box on the online library page.
Librarians can help you develop your research plan or assist you
in finding relevant, appropriate, and timely information.
Reference requests can include customized keyword search
strategies, links to articles, database help, and other
services.
Unit Assignments
Unit II Annotated Bibliography
Follow the directions below for the completion of the Annotated
Bibliography assignment for Unit II. If you have questions,
please email your professor for assistance.
summarize the sources that you have gathered to
support your research proposal project. These summaries help
you to think about the complex arguments
presented in your sources.
bibliography consisting of seven sources. Each entry
will consist of a reference list citation, a summary of the

15. source’s information, and a one-sentence assessment.
Each annotation should be between 150 to 200 words. If an
entry is shorter than 150 words, it is likely you have
not fully developed your summary, and this lack of development
can severely impact your grade for this
assignment.
example.
As always, you may also seek out the guidance of the Writing
Center; the Writing specialists are always there to assist
you with your writing, comprehension, and APA formatting.
You may submit writing assignments to the Writing Center by
using a “Writing Center Request form” located in the myCSU
Student Portal. To submit a Writing Center Request, log in to
the myCSU Student Portal, click on University Forms in the top
right menu. Then click on Courses. Towards the bottom of
the list, you will find the Writing Center Request. You can fill
out this form and attach your paper for assistance. Be
advised that Writing Specialist require up to two business days
to return requests. If you have questions concerning APA
style or your writing assignment, you can contact the Writing
Center at [email protected] or by phone
at ext. 6538.
Information about accessing the grading rubric for this
assignment is provided below.
Unit III Research Proposal
Follow the directions below for the completion of the Research
Proposal assignment for Unit III. If you have questions,
please email your professor for assistance.

16. to understand your project, to gain direction and
feedback on your project, and to establish a blueprint for your
project.
proposal consisting of three sections:
o Section 1: What is the topic? (100-150 words)
o Section 2: What is the controversy? (300-400 words)
o Section 3: Your tentative thesis statement (one to two
sentences)
Note: Section 2 is only a guideline; it is not
complete. Your version must include paragraphs that detail the
sides of the controversy.
You may also seek out the guidance of the Success Center; the
specialists are always there to assist you with your writing
and comprehension.
mailto:[email protected]
https://online.columbiasouthern.edu/CSU_Content/courses/Gene
ral_Studies/EH/EH1020/15G/Annotated%20Bib_w_bubbles.pdf
mailto:[email protected]
https://online.columbiasouthern.edu/CSU_Content/courses/Gene
ral_Studies/EH/EH1020/15G/UIII_RPExample.pdf
EH 1020, English Composition II 3
Information about accessing the grading rubric for this
assignment is provided below.

17. Unit IV Literature Review
Draft of Introduction and Literature Review
Follow the directions below for the completion of the
introduction and literature review draft assignment for Unit IV.
If you
have questions, please email your professor for assistance.
Purpose: The purpose of this assignment is to begin drafting
your academic argumentative research paper.
Description: In this assignment, you will first write your
literature review; then, you will write your introduction. Please
see
“Lesson 4: The Introduction” for details on why it is suggested
that you begin the drafting process with the literature review
instead of the introduction. The following details are
requirements of the assignment:
-12 well-developed sentences/approximately
350 words): For more details about what is expected
for each of the following sentences, please see “Lesson 4: The
Introduction.” You may also want to review the
“Example Introduction and Literature Review (with
comments).” The following components must be included in
the introduction (in the following order).
o Sentence 1: Introduce the general topic
o Sentence 2: Pro side (general)
o Sentence 3: Con side (general)
o Sentence 4: Narrow the scope (1)
o Sentence 5: Examples of the narrowed topic
o Sentence 6: Narrow the scope (2)
o Sentence 7: Specific controversy
o Sentence 8: Pro side (specific)

18. o Sentence 9: Con side (specific)
o Sentence 10: The thesis
-900 words): For details about the
structure of the literature review, you will want to review
“Lesson 3: The Literature Review: The Process.” You may also
want to review the “Example Introduction and
Literature Review (with comments).” The link is below.
o Literature review preface: This paragraph acts as a guide to
what the reader can expect in the literature
review.
o Literature review body: This section includes three to four
body paragraphs that discuss the history,
terminology, and both sides of the controversy (pro and con).
o Literature review conclusion: The conclusion signals that the
literature review is ending, but it also acts as a
kind of preface for the body of the paper by restating the thesis
statement and establishing your argument
once again.
Example: Click here to access the example introduction and
literature review. Note: The conclusion is not presented in
this example; however, the literature review conclusion is a
requirement of the assignment.
You may also seek out the guidance of the Success Center; the
specialists are always there to assist you with your writing
and comprehension.
Information about accessing the grading rubric for this
assignment is provided below.

19. Unit V Assignment
Revision of Literature Review and Introduction
Follow the directions below for the completion of the
introduction and literature review revision assignment for Unit
V. If
you have questions, please email your professor for assistance.
Purpose: The purpose of this assignment is to revise the
introduction and literature review of your academic
argumentative research paper, which you created a draft of in
Unit IV.
Description: In this assignment, you will revise the introduction
and literature review that you wrote for the Unit IV
assignment. Revisions must be substantive and should be made
in accordance with the professor’s instructions. The
following parts of the assignment must be revised:
https://online.columbiasouthern.edu/CSU_Content/courses/Gene
ral_Studies/EH/EH1020/15G/UnitIVExampleLitRevwNotes.pdf
EH 1020, English Composition II 4
-12 well-developed sentences/approximately
350 words): For more details about what is expected
for each of the following sentences, please see “Lesson 4: The
Introduction.” You may also want to review the
“Example Introduction and Literature Review (with
comments).” The following components must be included in
the introduction (in the following order).
o Sentence 1: Introduce the general topic
o Sentence 2: Pro side (general)

20. o Sentence 3: Con side (general)
o Sentence 4: Narrow the scope (1)
o Sentence 5: Examples of the narrowed topic
o Sentence 6: Narrow the scope (2)
o Sentence 7: Specific controversy
o Sentence 8: Pro side (specific)
o Sentence 9: Con side (specific)
o Sentence 10: The thesis
-900 words): For details about the
structure of the literature review, you will want to review
“Lesson 3: The Literature Review: The Process.” You may also
want to review the “Example Introduction and
Literature Review (with comments).” The link is below.
o Literature review preface: This paragraph acts as a guide to
what the reader can expect in the literature
review.
o Literature review body: This section includes three to four
body paragraphs that discuss the history,
terminology, and both sides of the controversy (pro and con).
o Literature review conclusion: The conclusion signals that the
literature review is ending, but it also acts as a
kind of preface for the body of the paper by restating the thesis
statement and establishing your argument
once again.
Example: Click here to access the example introduction and
literature review. Note: The conclusion is not presented in
this example; however, the literature review conclusion is a
requirement of the assignment.
You may also seek out the guidance of the Success Center; the

21. specialists are always there to assist you with your writing
and comprehension.
Information about accessing the grading rubric for this
assignment is provided below.
Unit VI Assignment
Body of Research Paper
Follow the directions below for the completion of the body
paragraphs draft assignment for Unit VI. If you have questions,
please email your professor for assistance.
Purpose: The purpose of this assignment is to continue drafting
your academic argumentative research paper.
Description: In this assignment, you will write three to four
body paragraphs according to the form that is explained in
“Lesson 3: The Body Paragraphs.” The following requirements
must be included in the assignment:
comprised of five to seven sentences each. Each
paragraph should be between 150-200 words. At a minimum,
this portion of the paper should be around 450-600
words (for three paragraphs); a body section of this length will
meet the minimum requirements of the assignment.
The following components must be included in each body
paragraph (in the following order).
o Sentence 1: Point/reason sentence: This topic sentence will
contain one of your reasons.
o Sentence 2: Explanation: In this sentence, you provide a
sentence that further develops or explains

22. Sentence 1.
o Sentence 3: Illustration: This sentence introduces evidence
that supports the reason that is presented in
Sentence 1.
o Sentence 4: Explanation of the illustration: Because the
evidence does not necessarily stand on its own, you
need to provide explanation so that the reader will understand
how you interpreted the evidence to come to
your reason.
o Sentences 5-6: Second illustration and explanation (optional):
You may choose to include a second piece of
evidence that is then followed by an explanation.
https://online.columbiasouthern.edu/CSU_Content/courses/Gene
ral_Studies/EH/EH1020/15G/UnitIVExampleLitRevwNotes.pdf
EH 1020, English Composition II 5
o Last Sentence: Transition: In this sentence, you will signal to
the reader that you will be moving on to another
point in the next paragraph. You do this to ease the movement
from one point to another.
have already created and revised.
Example: For an example of a body paragraph, please see the
example in “Lesson 3: The Body Paragraphs.”
You may also seek out the guidance of the Success Center; the
specialists are always there to assist you with your writing
and comprehension.

23. Information about accessing the grading rubric for this
assignment is provided below.
Unit VII Assignment
The Body Revision
Follow the directions below for the completion of the body
paragraphs revision assignment for Unit VII. If you have
questions, please email your professor for assistance.
Purpose: The purpose of this assignment is to revise the body of
your academic argumentative research paper, which you
created a draft of in Unit VI.
Description: In this assignment, you will revise the three to four
body paragraphs you wrote in Unit VI. The following
requirements must be included in the assignment:
paper based on feedback received from your professor
in Unit VI. Please review here the guidelines for the body
section of your research paper: This section will include
three to four paragraphs comprised of five to seven sentences
each. Each paragraph should be between 150-200
words. At a minimum, this portion of the paper should be
around 450-600 words (for three paragraphs); a body
section of this length will meet the minimum requirements of
the assignment. Revisions must be substantive and
should be made in accordance with the direction given by the
professor’s feedback. The following components
must be included in each body paragraph (in the following
order).
o Sentence 1: Point/reason sentence: This topic sentence will

24. contain one of your reasons.
o Sentence 2: Explanation: In this sentence, you will provide a
sentence that further develops or explains
Sentence 1.
o Sentence 3: Illustration: This sentence introduces evidence
that supports the reason that is presented in
Sentence 1.
o Sentence 4: Explanation of the illustration: Because the
evidence does not necessarily stand on its own, you
need to provide explanation so that the reader will understand
how you interpreted the evidence to come to
your reason.
o Sentences 5-6: Second illustration and explanation (optional):
You may choose to include a second piece of
evidence that is then followed by an explanation.
o Last Sentence: Transition: In this sentence, you will signal to
the reader that you will be moving on to another
point in the next paragraph. You do this to ease the movement
from one point to another.
lude the introduction and literature review you
have already created and revised.
Example: For an example of a body paragraph, please see the
example in “Lesson 3: The Body Paragraphs.”
You may also seek out the guidance of the Success Center; the
specialists are always there to assist you with your writing
and comprehension.
Information about accessing the grading rubric for this

25. assignment is provided below.
Unit VIII Research Paper
Conclusion and Abstract
Follow the directions below for the completion of the
conclusion and abstract assignment for Unit VIII. If you have
questions, please email your professor for assistance.
Purpose: The purpose of this assignment is to complete your
academic argumentative research paper.
EH 1020, English Composition II 6
Description: In this assignment, you will first write your
conclusion; then, you will write your abstract. The following
components are requirements of the assignment:
-200 words):
o Revisit the controversy.
o Emphasize the seriousness of the controversy.
o Answer the “So what?” question.
o Suggest a general solution (optional).
o Call for awareness/action.
o Leave the reader with a final thought.
, you may
not exceed 200 words.
o Restatement of the controversy (one to two sentences)
o Your thesis (one sentence)
o Reasons (three to four sentences)

26. o Conclusion sentence (one sentence)
so
that you are turning in a complete research paper.
The paper should include all of the following components (in
order):
o Title page
o Abstract
o Introduction
o Literature review
o Body paragraphs
o Conclusion
You may also seek out the guidance of the Success Center; the
specialists are always there to assist you with your writing
and comprehension.
Information about accessing the grading rubric for this
assignment is provided below.
APA Guidelines
The application of the APA writing style shall be practical,
functional, and appropriate to each academic level, with the
primary purpose being the documentation (citation) of sources.
CSU requires that students use APA style for certain
papers and projects. Students should always carefully read and
follow assignment directions and review the associated
grading rubric when available. Students can find CSU’s Citation
Guide in the myCSU Student Portal by clicking on the
“Citation Resources” link in the “Learning Resources” area.
This document includes examples and sample papers and
provides information on how to contact the CSU Success

27. Center.
Grading Rubrics
This course utilizes analytic grading rubrics as tools for your
professor in assigning grades for all learning activities. Each
rubric serves as a guide that communicates the expectations of
the learning activity and describes the criteria for each
level of achievement. In addition, a rubric is a reference tool
that lists evaluation criteria and can help you organize your
efforts to meet the requirements of that learning activity. It is
imperative for you to familiarize yourself with these rubrics
because these are the primary tools your professor uses for
assessing learning activities.
Rubric categories include: (1) Discussion Board, (2) Assessment
(Written Response), and (3) Assignment. However, it is
possible that not all of the listed rubric types will be used in a
single course (e.g., some courses may not have
Assessments).
The Discussion Board rubric can be found within Unit I’s
Discussion Board submission instructions.
The Assessment (Written Response) rubric can be found
embedded in a link within the directions for each Unit
Assessment. However, these rubrics will only be used when
written-response questions appear within the Assessment.
Each Assignment type (e.g., article critique, case study,
research paper) will have its own rubric. The Assignment
rubrics
are built into Blackboard, allowing students to review them
prior to beginning the Assignment and again once the

28. EH 1020, English Composition II 7
Assignment has been scored. This rubric can be accessed via the
Assignment link located within the unit where it is to be
submitted. Students may also access the rubric through the
course menu by selecting “Tools” and then “My Grades.”
Again, it is vitally important for you to become familiar with
these rubrics because their application to your
Discussion Boards, Assessments, and Assignments is the
method by which your instructor assigns all grades.
Communication Forums
These are non-graded discussion forums that allow you to
communicate with your professor and other students.
Participation in these discussion forums is encouraged, but not
required. You can access these forums with the buttons in
the Course Menu. Instructions for subscribing/unsubscribing to
these forums are provided below.
Click here for instructions on how to subscribe/unsubscribe and
post to the Communication Forums.
Ask the Professor
This communication forum provides you with an opportunity to
ask your professor general or course content questions.
Questions may focus on Blackboard locations of online course
components, textbook or course content elaboration,
additional guidance on assessment requirements, or general

29. advice from other students.
Questions that are specific in nature, such as inquiries regarding
assessment/assignment grades or personal
accommodation requests, are NOT to be posted on this forum. If
you have questions, comments, or concerns of a non-
public nature, please feel free to email your professor.
Responses to your post will be addressed or emailed by the
professor within 48 hours.
Before posting, please ensure that you have read all relevant
course documentation, including the syllabus,
assessment/assignment instructions, faculty feedback, and other
important information.
Student Break Room
This communication forum allows for casual conversation with
your classmates. Communication on this forum should
always maintain a standard of appropriateness and respect for
your fellow classmates. This forum should NOT be used to
share assessment answers.
Grading
Discussion Boards (8 @ 2%) = 16%
Unit II Annotated Bibliography = 12%
Unit III Research Proposal = 10%
Unit IV Literature Review = 15%
Unit V Assignment = 10%
Unit VI Assignment = 15%
Unit VII Assignment = 10%
Unit VIII Research Paper = 12%

30. Total = 100%
Course Schedule/Checklist (PLEASE PRINT)
The following pages contain a printable Course Schedule to
assist you through this course. By following this schedule,
you will be assured that you will complete the course within the
time allotted.
https://online.columbiasouthern.edu/CSU_Content/common_file
s/instructions/DB/Create_New_Thread_Subscribe.pdf
EH 1020, English Composition II 8
EH 1020, English Composition II Course Schedule
By following this schedule, you will be assured that you will
complete the course within the time allotted. Please keep this
schedule for reference as you progress through your course.
Unit I Foundations of the Argumentative Research Paper
Review:
-Graded): See Study Guide
– 1.6: See Study Guide
Discuss:

31. esponse: Submit your response to the
Discussion Board question by Saturday,
11:59 p.m. (Central Time)
Discussion Board response by
Tuesday, 11:59 p.m. (Central Time)
Notes/Goals:
Unit II Beginning the Research Process
Review:
-Graded): See Study Guide
View:
– 2.8: See Study Guide
Discuss:
Board Response: Submit your response to the
Discussion Board question by
Saturday, 11:59 p.m. (Central Time)
Discussion Board response by
Tuesday, 11:59 p.m. (Central Time)

32. Bibliography by Tuesday, 11:59 p.m.
(Central Time)
Notes/Goals:
Unit III The Project Takes Form: Writing a Proposal
Review:
-Graded): See Study Guide
– 3.6: See Study Guide
Discuss:
Discussion Board question by
Saturday, 11:59 p.m. (Central Time)
Discussion Board response by
Tuesday, 11:59 p.m. (Central Time)
Time)
Notes/Goals:

33. EH 1020, English Composition II 9
EH 1020, English Composition II Course Schedule
Unit IV Beginning the Drafting Process
Review:
-Graded): See Study Guide
– 4.5: See Study Guide
Discuss:
Discussion Board question by
Saturday, 11:59 p.m. (Central Time)
Discussion Board response by
Tuesday, 11:59 p.m. (Central Time)
Time)
Notes/Goals:

34. Unit V Understanding Editing and Revising as a Process
Review:
-Graded): See Study Guide
– 5.6: See Study Guide
Discuss:
Discussion Board question by
Saturday, 11:59 p.m. (Central Time)
Discussion Board response by
Tuesday, 11:59 p.m. (Central Time)
Notes/Goals:
Unit VI Drafting the Argument
Review:

35. -Graded): See Study Guide
– 6.4: See Study Guide
Discuss:
Discussion Board question by
Saturday, 11:59 p.m. (Central Time)
Discussion Board response by
Tuesday, 11:59 p.m. (Central Time)
Notes/Goals:
EH 1020, English Composition II 10
EH 1020, English Composition II Course Schedule
Unit VII Revisiting the Structure
Review:
-Graded): See Study Guide

36. – 7.4: See Study Guide
Discuss:
Discussion Board question by
Saturday, 11:59 p.m. (Central Time)
Discussion Board response by
Tuesday, 11:59 p.m. (Central Time)
Notes/Goals:
Unit VIII Pulling It All Together
– 8.3: See Study Guide
Discuss:
Board Response: Submit your response to the
Discussion Board question by
Saturday, 11:59 p.m. (Central Time)

37. Discussion Board response by
Tuesday, 11:59 p.m. (Central Time)
aper by Tuesday, 11:59 p.m. (Central
Time)
Notes/Goals: