Persuasive Essay On Benovia

Persuasive Essay On Benovia
Benovia
The nation of Benovia insists that it is finally time to cut all ties with The United States of America.
The necessity of this secession has required the people of Benovia to formally withdraw themselves
from The United States with a declaration of independence. The current society of America has
proven to be far too violent and ineffective to keep up with the rest of the world in the way that
Benovia wishes to. Over the last few decades, citizens have been promised change from several
presidents and presidential candidates, but unfortunately those promises have failed to be fulfilled.
As a repercussion of the broken faith we hold in the United States of America, we seek the freedom
to form our very own country with the hopes of forming ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In a meritocracy, a person is elected into their position based on their ability and what they are able
to do to positively impact the society. With this government in place, it will prevent just anyone
from having too much power. By putting people in positions with their strongest abilities
accentuated, it will better the country as a whole. A government like this also has a lower risk of
corruption. When you ensure that only the people with the right credentials will be in office it
prevents a multitude of horrible things from happening to the country. Therefore, citizens will not
have to worry if their leaders are only there because of their money and how well they are able to
impress people with it. When a country puts everything they have into restraining corruption, it is
well on its way to being the best it can be.
Benovia has all the potential in the world to be a successful, thriving country. The improvements
that this country is already installing gets it one step closer to being the perfect society it is striving
to be. Benovia's education system will be able to compete with the world's
best academic countries. The government will help citizens sleep easy at night knowing that some
random, unqualified person only seeking power will not be able to obtain it. Making everything
connected will just make things in this society seem well put together, while everything benefits one
another. The society of
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Factors Affecting The Infection Of Chromosome 16
Of the above variations, there are a few particular cases to be noted. Firstly, on locus RFWD3 there
is a nonsynonymous SNV on position 74670458 of chromosome 16 (rs4888262) where C is
changed to T. A GWAS study has associated this variation with testicular germ cell cancer, a disease
that has a strong genetic association – genetics is responsible for 25% of susceptibility. The disease
varies by population; testicular germ cell cancer affects European men far more than African (Chung
et al., par. 2). RFWD3 is important ligase that protects the DNA from damage (Chung et al., par. 9).
The RDH12 locus on chromosome 14 at position 68191838 shows a frameshift insertion in which a
C is placed in the genome, spanning rs4901408 to rs4902610. Unfortunately frameshift mutations
tend to have dramatic effects because deleting or inserting a single base disrupts the subsequent
reading frame; codons may no longer code for the correct protein, leading to drastically different
function. For this particular case a GWAS study has associated this mutation with autosomal
dominant retinitis pigmentosa. This means that if offspring has only one inherited mutated copy of
the allele from a parent, then the offspring is affected by the disease despite also having a normal
copy of the allele from the other parent (Medline Plus). Retinal dehydrogenase 12 is expressed in
the retina's photoreceptor cells; disrupting this locus is extremely harmful (Fingert et al., 1304). The
frameshift

Eastern Orthodoxy Research Paper
Eastern Europe is the eastern part of the European continent. This part of Europe includes East–
central Europe, the Balkan peninsula, the Baltic area, and Russia. Moreover, Eastern Europe
consists of the Slavic ethnic group, the Baltic–Slavic subfamily language, and eastern Orthodoxy.
The Baltic Slavic subfamily language divides into two sub–branches, including the Baltic sub–
branch and the Slavic sub–branch. Baltic groups are Lithuanian and Latvian, located north of Poland
and Belarus. Slavic sub–branch consists of different groups (e.g., west, east, and south). West Slavic
group includes Polish, Czech, and Slovak. East Slavic group includes Russian, Belorussian, and
Ukrainian. Also, the South Slavic group includes the old church Slavic, ... Show more content on
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The orthodox means "purity," and the practices are original Christian faith and sacred transition.
Eastern orthodoxy national churches are Greek Orthodox, Serbian Orthodox, Bulgarian Orthodox,
Russian Orthodox, Ukrainian Orthodox, etc. One hundred seventy–five million people claim eastern
orthodoxy as their faith. Greece and Constantinople (East–Roman Empire) are the Eastern
orthodoxy's hearth. From this region, Eastern orthodoxy spread north and eastward into Slavic–
speaking lands. Two Greek monks named Cyril and Methodist spread the eastern orthodoxy to the
Slavic people of eastern Europe. Cyril and Methodist tried to convert the Slavic people using the
Slavic language instead of Greek. However, they created the Cyrillic alphabet, using the Greek
alphabet. They incorporated new letters for different Slavic sounds; they took the Greek alphabet
and tailored it the Slavic languages. The Slavic people are the last major cultural group that migrated
towards eastern Europe in 400 A.D... Slavic people moved towards central Europe as west as the
Elbe River in Germany and towards the Balkan peninsula of Southeastern Europe. Sorbians is a
minority group lives in modern–day Germany (near Poland border). Eastern Europe consists groups
of Lithuanians, Estonians, Finns, Latvians, Hungarians, Albanians, Gypsies, and Greeks. These
groups migrated

Names In Marble Movie
Among many Estonian films, which I found in the internet, my attention was attracted by the
"Names in Marble". This film describes the events of Estonian War for Independence against USSR.
The main concept of the film was to draw symbolic reference between Estonia and a group of young
students from Tartu, who left their homes to join the army. In such a way, Estonia is compared to a
young man, full of desire and decisiveness to win the battle for independence and build a happy
future. Before Estonia was attacked by Soviet army, there was a hesitation among people concerning
the future of their country, which was very evident in the film. But when the first enemy troops
attacked Tartu, many Estonians bravely faced the threat for independence.

Digital Transformation Essay
Another outstanding feature of Estonia's digital transformation is the data security and data privacy.
By logging into the State Portal, residents can easily see which X–Road participants hold their
information, which can access it, and which have accessed it. A Data Protection Inspectorate
enforces proper usage, which allows the residents themselves to and take action themselves if they
suspect a violation. In other words, individuals are owning all their data and have power over it.
Online voting is another impressive function developed in the framework of eGovernment. The idea
of having electronic voting in Estonia gained popularity in 2001. Estonia became the first nation to
hold legally binding general elections over the Internet ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Public transit users can show an e–ID to fare inspectors instead of a pass, and drivers can do the
same in lieu of a license or registration. Lastly, Estonia is the first country to offer e–Residency in
which the government issues digital identity that authorized entrepreneur's business owners around
the world to set up and run a location–independent business. The steps that need to be followed are:
Establish a company online anywhere in the world; access business banking and online payment
service, such as PayPal and the individual should be the full owner of the business, no local director
is required. Manage remotely – entrepreneurs are enabled to sign and authenticate docuemtns
anywhere; encrypt and send documents securely without any printing and traditional post services
and finally. Easily declare taxes online. Achieve location independence – freedom to operate
company online while travelling; No need to re–establish the entity after moving abroad. In order to
receive e–residency, the candidates need to go through an application process and provide the
following documents:  A copy of your government–issued ID  A passport–style digital photo 
Motivation statement  Visa or MasterCard After the application approval, the newly e–resident
will be able to

The Importance Of Ethnic Conflict In Tangerines
Tangerines is a movie about finding humanity and respect during a time of ethnic conflict. Ethnicity
is the major focus of this film, with the smaller scale hatred and resentment between the Chechen
Ahmed and Georgian Nika set in the context of the war between Georgia and Abkhazia for
Abkhazian separation. The Estonian Ivo helps Ahmed and Nika set aside their ethnic differences to
realize that they are both human beings. This film shows the Soviet Legacies on ethnic conflict
within the current Post–Soviet space. Tangerines opens on Ivo, an Estonian living in Abkhazia is one
of two men left in his village. Most Estonians returned to Estonia after the war in Abkhazia broke
out. Abkhazia is a region in Georgia that wanted to rejoin Russia. A war broke out with Georgians
on one side, Abkhazians, and Russians on the other. In the movie, Ivo makes wooden crates to put
tangerines in that his neighbor Margus picks. One day, two Chechen mercenaries, hired by the
Russian government, drop by looking for food. They go on their way but soon get into a skirmish
with three Georgians in front of Margus' house. One Chechen, Ahmed, and one Georgian, Nika,
survive the firefight, and Ivo brings them both to his home to heal. Both the Chechen and the
Georgian hate each other and want to kill one another, but Ivo makes them promise not to kill one
another inside his house. Over time, they begin to respect each other. At one point, an Abkhazian
military regiment comes to the house, and

Urban Segregation And Its Effects On Residential...
The authors introduce the topic of "inherited residential segregation patterns" (Leetmaa) among
ethnic groups in post–communist Tartu, Estonia within the context of immigration policies
implemented during the Soviet communist era. Using two dimensions – "preferences and
segregation –ethnicity and neighbor affluence" (Leetmaa ,163), the study explores the possible
causes of residential segregation in post–Soviet Tartu and its effects on residential preferences
shaped by liberal market forces and national identity. The research is presented through an urban
sociological–geographical perspective, citing recent studies in the US and Western Europe that
suggest that urban neighborhoods are increasingly experiencing "high levels of residential
segregation along the line of race and ethnicity" (Leetmaa 163). By comparison, the Tartu model is
unique because it has not experienced any new immigration since 1991 (Leetmaa 163) compared to
the rest of its European counterparts in the EU. Thus the pattern of segregation in Tartu reflects two
major 'ethno–linguistic' groups that experienced preferential housing status under two different
political and economic systems that are now inversed. During the Soviet period, Russian minority
migrants enjoyed better housing choices under the central planning model. Today, the majority
Estonian population enjoys a higher standard of living that allows for greater mobility and better
housing choices in a free–market economy. Next, the authors

The Risk Factors of Osteoarthritis Essay
OA has a complex pathology, with numerous environmental and genetic risk factors. Generally, OA
is thought to be caused by a complex interaction between environmental and genetic factors (Valdes
et al., 2009). A variety of epidemiological studies have demonstrated that genetic susceptibility is a
key regulator of OA aetiology (Peach et al., 2005). Genetic variations may influence several OA risk
factors, including obesity, skeletal shape, bone mass and synovitis (Valdes et al., 2011a).
Furthermore, it has been shown that generalized OA phenotype, sensitivity to pain and disease
progression may be also determined by genetic susceptibility (Valdes et al., 2010a; van Meurs et al.,
2009; Kerkhof et al., 2010).
In the 1940s familial clustering ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
OA is generally recognized as a complex multi–factor disease that has mostly small and modest
effect susceptibility loci (Reynard et al., 2012). Over the past decade efforts have been focused on
the search for loci that predispose to OA. The following approaches most often have been attempts
to provide insight into the complexity of OA genetics: genetic linkage studies (LA), genome–wide
association studies (GWAS) and candidate gene studies.
LA exploits the fact that genes have a tendency to be inherited together because they are located
close to each other. After identification of a linkage, all genes in the linked region need to be
identified and in this manner candidate genes of interest for a disease can be established. LA has
been successful in localizing chromosomal regions containing highly penetrant genetic variants.
However, in a common disease, such as OA, the success of LA is very limited for a number of
reasons, including the low power of identification of genes with modest effects and the large impact
of environmental influences (Risch et al., 1996).
After the completion of the Human Genome Sequencing project, which provided the opportunity to
systematically search across the genome and to test large numbers of common genetic variants for
association with disease, GWAS have been successfully applied to the study of many complex
diseases. GWAS make it possible to examine the associations of thousands of

Essay about Daniel Miller's Material Cultures: Why Some...
In the introduction to Material Cultures: Why Some Things Matter, Daniel Miller describes the book
as part of the second stage of the development of material culture studies. The first stage was the
recognition by writers such as Appadurai and Bourdieu as well as Miller that material culture is
important and worthy of study. The second stage is the argument made in this book: that it is crucial
to focus on "the diversity of material worlds" without reducing these material worlds to symbols for
"real" social processes nor cloistering them in sub–studies of like objects. That things matter has
already been ascertained; this books intends to investigate "why some things matter" more than
others and in particular contexts.
Miller claims a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Here, by contrast, through dwelling upon the more mundane sensual and material qualities of the
object, we are able to unpick the more subtle connections with cultural lives and values that are
objectified through these forms, in part, because of the particular qualities they possess. (9)
I find particularly important in this approach the stress on the sensual qualities of the objects under
study: the emotions elicited by the way the sound of a radio fills a space, the color of a carpet or
lawn, the texture and weight of a piece of paper in the hand, the shape of a bowler hat. If we are
truly to understand people's involvement with and decision–making regarding things, it may be
through investigating these bodily experiences, elusive because they are naturalized, but crucial
elements in the formation of likes and dislikes, nostalgia, memory, and attraction.
The focus on the diversity and specificity of material objects and their significance is suggested by
the book's subtitle: Why Some Things Matter. Miller says that the word "matter" was consciously
chosen to evoke the sentimental associations that the subjects of study might have with the objects
in their lives; it puts the stress on emic not etic perspectives. Miller suggests further that this stress
on the emic parallels a shift in attention from processes of production to those of consumption, a
recognition that identities are often constructed in relation to acts of consumption.

Le Coq Strengths And Strengths
Values and strengths
A. Le Coq's strength lies in the company's long traditions that date back more than 200 years. To this
day, the brewery has retained its skill to manufacture products that consumers love. Achieving and
maintaining market leadership in several beverage categories proves this.
A. Le Coq focuses on the following core values: being customer–friendly, honest and responsible.
The roots of company's success lie in constant product development and keeping up with consumers'
tastes and preferences. Consistent innovation of products and technology is also important. A. Le
Coq has brought quite a few unique and innovative product groups or packages to the market.
Introducing the 0.25l glass bottle beer serves as one of the most recent examples. In addition to
high–level product ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Le Coq's product selection consists of alcoholic and non–alcoholic beverages. A. Le Coq's beer
category consists of light and dark beers. Based on the consumers' taste preferences, the company
has increased their special beer selection by bringing to the special beers such as a German type
wheat beer Alexander Weizen, a classic Indian pale ale; a Kriek–style Belgian cherry beer; an
original coffee porter. A. Le Coq also pioneered the introduction of stout and dry type beers on the
Estonian market.
A. Le Coq was the first beverage manufacturer in Estonia introducing flavoured water. A. Le Coq's
Aura water line includes both carbonised and still waters comprising of various fruit and berry
waters. The trendy Vitamineral water line consists of functional vitamin–waters, which contain
vitamins and minerals vital to our bodies.
A. Le Coq's Fizz and Sherwood trademarks represent the company's cider selection.
In the category of soft drinks, the Traditional Limonaad is worth mentioning, for it is the oldest soft
drink in Estonia and has been a favourite among several generations of children; and the lemonade
Kelluke that first gained popularity in

Security Plan For Cyber Security
In relation to defence spending, it's visible that there was a positive increase in the year succeeding
2007, directly after the attacks. Though this was dramatically decreased for the following two years,
which can be explained by the global economic downturn which begun in 2008 (Grigor′ev &
Salikhov, 2009). Therefore it is not possible to conclude that Estonia directly increased spending on
defence by a significant figure because of the events that took place in 2007, but it can be deduced
that spending has had a gradual rise thereafter and is currently based above €500 million euro with
sufficient proportions being allocated to relevant cyber defence mediums which have been ongoing
since 2007. Table 2.2 illustrates Estonian cyber defence strategies 2007 – 2010.
Cyber Security Strategy Date Implemented
Action Plan to Fight Cyber Attacks July 2007
Revised Implementation Plan 2007 – 2008 of the Estonian Information Society Strategy 2013
September 2007
Cyber Security Strategy May 2008
Cooperative Cyber Defense Center of Excellence 2008
Cyber Security Council May 2009
Emergency Act June 2009
Estonian Informatics Centre 2009
Cyber Defense League 2010
National Security Concept May 2010
Table 2.2 Estonian Cyber Defence Strategies Post 2007 Source: (Jackson, 2013, p.15)
2.3. 2008 Cyber Attacks against Georgia
2.3.1. The Nature of the Attack
During August 2008, the Russian Army invaded the post–soviet state of Georgia which coincided
with numerous, coordinated CA's

Gun Laws Essay
Gun Regulations in Estonia and Belarus Belarus and Estonia's laws were individually crafted based
on each nation's Constitution. Their laws were enacted right after their separation and freedom from
the former Soviet Union. As the time goes by, each country was able to create their respective gun
laws, which are based on their current needs and situation of the country. Each country aimed to
create a government that enforces the laws of the land, which will strengthen their sovereignty as
independent countries. Estonia, for example, enacted "The Weapons Act" in 2001 that establishes
legal procedures in relation to ammunition and hand handling (Riigi Teataja n.p.). This law covers
the granting of permission for ammunition and weapon, which are intended for civilian use.
According to the law's general provisions, the weapons of the civilians must only be used for
specific purposes, such as engagement in sports, hunting, and for ensuring personal safety. Personal
safety could be the most important reason for some Estonians, as to why they opt to own a gun at
home. However, the law has certain provisions that regulate the classifications of guns that private
individuals can own. Civilians are not allowed to own a firearm ... Show more content on
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As the changing security situation happens in most post–Soviet nations, Estonian government
introduced a Bill that will reevaluate the current gun law of the country. This is due to various
factors, such as the migration crisis in Europe, the threat of terror attacks, and even the sanctions
that were applied to Russia. The amending law generally states that firearms are sources of danger
against the public and that gun ownership must only be allowed based on the people's needs. It was
noted that the more guns being allowed to be used by the public means that there is a higher chance
that they might be stolen, lost, and end up in the trafficking of illegal

A Theoretical Framework for Energy Security Through Discourse
The current chapter presents the theoretical framework for the thesis and a method for the analysis.
The central question of the paper regards the evolution of the EU and Estonian energy security
discourses and the implications for the EU governance models in the changing global conditions.
For many years, studies of Europe have focused on the internal processes of integration and
enlargement. Nevertheless, in the context of growing global challenges and the need for innovative
solutions for gaining the competitive advantage signalled that there is a need to turn attention to
external developments and to the internal changes simultaneously. This chapter will introduce some
analytical perspectives which will help to examine developments in ... Show more content on
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According to Webber et al, as well as, Buzan et al, governance structures have a hierarchical
institutionalized dimension. The actors within the structure grant the authority to the institutions
they trust and choose to obey. Rod Rhodes, in his work on theorizing the problems of governance,
outlines that it is not possible to discuss the problems of governance without further specification of
its sphere. From the early 90s, the problems of 'governance' have been mostly discussed within the
schools of political science. The enlargement of the EU and the increasing interdependence of the
member states triggered the academic interest towards the distinct structures of the European
governance. In this light, a number of analysts began to address the question of how should the
relations between the member states and the European institutions be examined in the framework of
EU governance. Some emerging approaches for considering these relations will be discussed in the
sections below. 2.3.1. Top–down and bottom–up approaches to the EU governance There are
numerous approaches to study the issues of European governance and the relations between its
actors. Some analysts use top–down approaches and others bottom–up approaches in addressing
questions concerning power relations between the EU and its member states. According to

RQ-7 Shadow
The continued development of unmanned aerial systems (UAS) creates new capabilities and
continually improves legacy platforms. A system in development over the years is the RQ–7
Shadow. This platform has a wide verity of uses and capabilities ranging from tactical to strategic
mission sets. The United States developed this system to provide Brigade (BDE) commanders with
improved capabilities and situational awareness within their area or responsibility (AOR) (TC 2–
22.7, 2011). Through these advancements UAS are improving the capabilities within the geospatial
intelligence (GEOINT) profession by helping to solve GEOINT intelligence problem sets. The
United States military used UAS technology during WWII and the Vietnam wars. However, the
development of the RQ–7 Shadow did not start until 1991. It was first flown by the Army for testing
in 1992 and mass production began in 1999. Manufacturers delivered the RQ–7 Shadow to army
units in 2001 and began operations in 2002 (Military Periscope, 2014). The most common payload
the RQ–7 carries is the Plug–in Optronic Payload visible/Infrared (P.O.P. visible/IR). The P.O.P.
visible/IR payload gives the shadow capabilities to shoot full motion video (FMV) day and night,
daytime TV during the day, and Near Infrared (NIR) throughout the night (TC 2–22.7, 2011). By ...
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Quality GEOINT analysis leads to proper area reconnaissance, BDA, IED/counter drug measures,
and targeting. However, the Shadow is not always the best option, because it can be unreliable due
to data link and weather issues, engine noise, and limited flight time. The US Army can also use this
asset to help and aid partnered countries. The Shadow continues to advance in capabilities and
technologies. Ultimately, the RQ–7 Shadow is an asset that can generate great results, because it is
easily accessible to the GEOINT

The Situation Between Latvia And Russia During World War...
The situation between Latvia, Germany, and Russia during World War II was complex and that
complexity left many Latvians vulnerable to Stalinist repression when the Soviet government first
ordered deportations in 1941 and when deportations began again when Soviet occupation of Latvia
returned in the October of 1944. With the signing of the German–Soviet Non–aggression Pact in
1939, the Soviet Union gained a sphere of influence over west Poland and the Baltic States. On June
16th, 1940, the Latvian government received an ultimatum from the Soviet government. The Soviet
government instructed them to form a new government that would comply with the implementation
a Soviet–Latvian mutual assistance pact and to allow the Red Army unrestricted entry and
movement throughout Latvia or have it done so by force. The following day, June 17th, the Red
Army entered Riga, the capital and the Latvian government was dissolved.
The Soviet government became concerned with resistance to their occupation of Latvia during the
spring of 1941. In May 1941, Beria agreed with Stalin on a draft decree of the Council of People 's
Commissars and the Communist Party and the Communist Party Central Committee "On taking
action on cleansing the Lithuanian SSR of anti–Soviet, criminal and socially dangerous elements"
(the Latvian and Estonian Republics were added to Lithuania at this stage of coordination." With
this decree, the Soviet government and the NKVD began drafting plans to arrest and deport

The White Lady Summary
Portugal Portuguese producer David Rebordão created a popular internet video featuring a fictional
White Lady. The video consists of supposedly "recovered footage" found at the scene of a fatal car
accident, near Sintra, Portugal. In the video, a woman and two young men are shown taking a car
trip to the mountains. One passenger records the trip with a video camera. While driving along the
road, the travelers spot a strange female hitchhiker, whom they pick up. The passenger with the
camera focuses on the hitchhiker, who seems strangely quiet, but says her name is Teresa, and states
that she has not been the same since her accident. She then points out a spot on the road where she
says she died. She suddenly turns to the camera and screams, ... Show more content on
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Ghostly Encounters by Lyn Murray More Personal Pics & Descriptions When we reached our
destination (the site of a horrific battle – or slaughter – of thousands of innocent Native American
Indians, for the sole purpose of claiming their land) it was about 2 a.m... At first, we were met with a
little hostility (the hair on our arms and the back of our necks stood up – and not because we were
afraid) there was measurable electricity in the air. A sure sign to us, that we weren't exactly
welcome. Another sure sign (that we should take our time and introduce ourselves) was our collie,
Jada: she stood silent in her tracks, ears pointed and eyes forward, and refused to venture further;
but finally, after reassuring our unseen hosts that we meant them no harm, we were allowed (even
embraced) to continue our research without encumbrances. As we made our way through thick
weeds, trying to find the path we had heard so much about – we constantly snapped pics. At this
point, we were ultimate shutterbugs. Nothing was off limits – and nothing was withheld from us, as
you will see in the photos that

Future Privacy Of Data Analysis
Future Privacy of Information Technologies to Protect Personal Data In a modern life, from the
minute a person is born, a digital record is created. From that point on, the individual's behavior is
regularly tracked and information are collected about the typical parts of the person life such as
when government collect data about our health, education and income, we hope that the data are
used in good way. However, we always have concerned about our privacy. Liina Kamm did her
research on the Information Security Research Institute of Cybernetica AS. Kamm worked with
development team of the secure data analysis system Sharemind to develop she developed a
convenient privacy–preserving data analysis tool Rmind to help on the future privacy ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Second, the Data users have an interest in gathering data to learn the statistical possessions of the
qualities or notice designs from this date. Also, SHAREMIND is designed to be organized as a
disseminated secure calculation benefit that can be used for outsourcing data storage and
calculations. The benefits of SHAREMIND are the developer labels data as public or private in the
database and in application code, Sharemind routinely applies cryptographic safety for private data
throughout the analysis process step, and Private data cannot be made public without using special
functions that need the compromise of some servers before publication data. Different type of
privacy There are four type of privacy levels. they are record–level, source–level, output–level and
cryptographic privacy. First, Record–level privacy is most important in statistical surveys and setups
where databases are published. Second, source–level privacy is very like record–level privacy, but
the difference is privacy does not easily report the issue of privacy leaks as a result of a large
number of frequent requests. Third, Output–level privacy looks directly at the result the data
analysis more specifically in how much the outputs of a data removal process leak material about its
inputs. This is because breaking output–level privacy means that we learned something about the
private inputs that we should not have learned. Forth, Cryptographic privacy guarantees that only
the last

Structure Of The Paper : The Article Is Presented Using...
IV. Structure of the Paper: The article is presented using the 'Journal–Style Scientific Paper' format.
The authors introduce the topic of 'ethnic segregation in post–Soviet cities' within the context of
Soviet immigration policies. The purpose of the study "explores how inherited segregation patterns
have evolved in the city of Tartu, Estonia" (Leetmaa ,162) in the post–Soviet period marked by
Estonian statehood and a free–market economy.
The historical material is divided into four sections:
1) Soviet Era Migration – Introduces the Soviet socialist political and economic migration policies
that were intertwined with the "industrialization and urbanization process" (Leetmaa ,164).
2) Housing New Migrants – The authors posit that intra–union migration of Russians was "critical to
the creation of an urban industrial society" (Leetmaa ,164) in the Soviet republics. The mainstay of
the Socialist model was to "create a collective and just society" (Leetmaa 164), hence the
'Mikrorayon' became the "spatial manifestation of this ideology" (Leetmaa ,165). Preferential
housing in the 'Mikrorayon' was the keystone for ethnically segregated neighborhoods in Soviet
urban cities, where the minority Russian population enjoyed preferential housing choices in contrast
to the majority native population.
3) Social and Urban Transformation After the Soviet Union – The authors explain the social,
political, and economic changes that affected the native majority population and ethnic Russian

What Is Digital ID Technology?
These days, many of the things we do are online. We not only entertain ourselves online, but we also
do things that make our lives easier, like paying our bills, buying things we need, and
communicating. As time passes, we come up with more ideas to facilitate our lives with the help of
technology. Many countries come up with new technology and ways to do this. A country that has
succeeded at facilitating their lives is Estonia. In Estonia, not only was Skype created there, this
useful tool called the digital ID was produced. The digital ID, like a regular ID but with a chip that
contains the owner's identity information, helps people use many technological services created by
Estonia. The United States should adopt this digital ID ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This would help to get rid of the need for bus passes. This would make things simple, we could use
this as both an ID and a sort of bus pass. Even if we implement this, we could still keep the cash
option for those who don't have the opportunity of owning this ID card, or that don't have
connections to the bank. No money can be taken out of it, it only serves as a verification that the
person has credit (Kingsley). Meaning that the card traces back to banking information from the
person's data on the database, the person has to pay using money from their bank. There is no danger
of the person's money being stolen if there is no way to easily access money from the card.
Another way in which this digital ID is can be convenient is by helping people be more interested in
voting. Since Estonia's 2005 election, voting has been made easy for Estonians as they can vote
online using either their phones or a computer, through a secure online system and with the help of
their IDs and card readers (Leetaru). Since the card help people identify themselves, voting can be
done online, by helping identify who it is that is voting. It doesn't take much time and people are
more likely to vote. It's better than having to wait for their voting ballot to come in the mail or to
have to take time to go to a voting location. Voting online can appear to be more appealing for those
who don't usually vote since it's easier and

Benchmark Assignment – Heritage Assessment Essay
Benchmark Assignment – Heritage Assessment
Benchmark Assignment – Heritage Assessment When clinically assessing patients in care settings, it
is paramount for health professionals to elicit pertinent information that could be crucial for delivery
of care. This is particularly important in the United States because the increasing diversity in racial
and ethnic composition of the population has presented cultural challenges that care givers must
navigate to provide culturally competent service. Cultural competence during delivery of care
requires sensitivity to the cultural, social, and linguistic needs of patients (Betancourt, Green,
Carrillo, 2002). As a consequence, care providers need cultural assessment tools that will enable
them ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
One of the families assessed for this assignment was a first generation Mexican American family
originally from Ciudad Juarez, Mexico. The family consists of a young couple and two young
children. Religiosity plays a big part in the lifestyle of this Mexican American family and this was
evident in the rosaries worn by the couple. The couple regularly attends a local Roman Catholic
Church for spiritual renewal and to pray for good health. Like other Catholics, they believe sickness
is a sign of spiritual weakness and whenever individuals are sick members of the family pray for
them (O'Brien, 2011). The family strongly prefers to prepare its own food, and its favorite dishes are
traditional Latin American cuisines such as Chile, tamales and tortillas. Latin American cuisines are
high in calories, high in salt, cooked in grease or deep fried, and contain lots of flour. When the
family cannot cook they usually eat out, mostly in Mexican restaurants. Mexican Americans have a
strong attachment to their families so they talk to their parents and siblings on an almost daily basis.
Members of the family interviewed also communicate with their cousins, uncles, and aunts back in
Mexico through online social media such as Facebook and WhatsApp. Communication between the
couple and with other family members is almost always in Spanish. The European American family
assessed in this assignment was

What Did The Novel Be Considered As More Than A Prison Novel?
To what extent could the novel be considered as more than a prison novel (and how does
Solzhenitsyn's message change according to that)? REARANGE PARAGRAPHS
MAKE A BIBLIOGRAPHY & ADD HIGHLIGHTED PARTS.
Upon a cursory analysis of Alexandr Solzhenitsyn's One day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich is often
thought of as solely a prison novel that depicted the injustices that occurred frequently in the gulags
of Russia under Stalin's rule. However, if you dare to delve into the deeper crevices of the book, an
abundance of evidence is found that changes Solzhenitsyn's underlying message depending on
which way you interpret the information. I believe there are two major ways you can interpret this
book; allegorically and existentially. Nevertheless, I believe that there is more information
supporting the existential aspect of the book.
As an allegorical commentary, the book supersedes the previous assumptions made upon superficial
analysis of the book as solely a prison novel and now becomes a question of "How does one survive
in Stalinist Russia, which is like a gulag?" rather than "How does one stay alive in a prison camp?"
By assuming that Solzhenitsyn intended the book to be interpreted in this way, the book is seen as
more of political attack on the Soviet Union during the Stalin era. One of the largest supporting
pieces of evidence for the allegorical view is the fact that the gulag appears to be a microcosm of
Stalinist Russia. There are multiple professions (doctor, navy

The Importance Of Human Rights In Estonia
Human right are the specific rights that are inherently instilled to all human beings regardless of
their nationality, sex, national or ethnic origin, color, language or any of feature that other may try to
segment/discriminate them into a defined category. The united nations holds these rights to the
utmost extent and realizes there are many countries where these rights are being infringed upon.
There are international human rights laws that try to protect the people and it has been reiterated
numerous times. However there is still much needed to be done to improve the status and standard
of living of the people that do not have the opportunity to hold all of these rights.
This paper will focus on my delegation country which is Estonia and we will explore human rights
through perspective and their stance on this subject. We will also explore the popular opinions of the
people of Estonia and how they value and interpret human rights. Estonia acknowledges human
rights and are generally respected by the government. However, there are concerns such as the
police's use of force, child abuse, and detention conditions. In terms of quantity, as of 2010, there
have been 23 judgment cases brought against Estonia and in 19 cases there was at least one violation
relating to human rights. A major human rights problem in Estonia is the is large population of
Children that are Statelessness. "When Estonia gained independence in 1991, the government
adopted strict citizenship

Estonia 's Voluntary Cg Recommendations
Estonia's voluntary CG recommendations suggests that atleast half of the supervisory board
members should be independent. State–owned enterprise (SOE) board members are selected through
non–centralised process with members of the supervisory board nominations split between Ministry
of finance and ministry having the ownership rights. The law in Estonia calls for maximum 5 and 3
year terms for supervisory and management boards for both public listed companies and SOE. In
Estonia, good corporate governance is promoted with a mix of both legal and institutional
mechanisms. The Commercial Code (CC) has been the primary legislative piece for corporate
governance in Estonia which has been amended on several occasions since its adoption way back in
1995.Estonian Financial Supervision Authority (FSA) exercises the main regulatory and
enforcement powers for the listed companies. FSA has autonomous competence and a separate
budget though it is an agency of the Bank of Estonia. FSA was brought into existence as a result of
the Financial Supervision Authority Act in 2001. FSA has two boards – supervisory and
management board and the functions are similar to the ones listed above. Estonia published its first
voluntary CG code whose main function is to enhance corporate governance and transparency
through improved reporting systems by listed companies.
With this under–development by its side, newly formed government took a bold decision with a
technology focused future throwing the

E-Warfare Essay
Question
The 21st century has seen warfare adopt many new faces, among those the use of the Internet as a
weapon. Explore an e–warfare incident and discuss its success or failure. In your answer detail how
you as a network manager could protect your organisation against e–warfare.
Abstract
In the following essay I will define 'E–warfare' and outline types of attacks which are associated
with it. I will identify an incident which has taken place and discuss whether the incident was
successful or failed. I will then attempt to give a detailed explanation of how if I was an appointed
network manager, that I would protect an organization against e–warfare. I use examples when
necessary to provide a realistic appreciation of the use of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Governments, businesses and individuals are using the internet for day–to–day activities and any
disruption can have devastating effects. This dependence on electronic information exchange, whilst
having its positive side, also has a big negative with security issues. The ease at which a website or
news portal can be attacked and taken down by almost any person with an internet connection is of
huge concern. The various methods of electronic attacks which can take shape bring forward the
subject of electronic warfare and how it impacts society. Various attacks can take place, although the
distributed denial–of–service attack is the one of focus due to its eafse and its common appearance
on the internet.
A denial of service (DoS) attack is an intentional action designed to prevent legitimate users from
making use of a computer service (Quinn 2006). A DoS attack may involve unauthorized access to
one or more computer systems. The aim of a DoS attack is to disrupt a computer servers ability to
respond to its clients. Interfering with the normal use of computer service's can result in significant
harm. For example a company selling products and services over the internet may lose business or a
military organization may find its communications disrupted. In a distributed denial of service
(DDoS) attack, the attacker gains access to thousands of computers. The

Creative Writing: The Giver
I'm being shaken awake by Jonas the next morning.
"Hurry Lina, get up!" he says. I quickly get up and follow him outside in a rush almost tripping on
the way out. When I stand outside I look around.
"What is happening?" I ask
"I'm not sure. I see Mrs. Rimas let's go see her, maybe she'll know," he says. As I look around again,
everyone is already outside talking and the NKVD are yelling at one another. We walk up to Mrs.
Rimas, who is already outside talking with others. She is smiling and laughing for the first time I've
personally had the pleasure to see. She looks beautiful, reminding me of mother. "Will someone tell
me what is going on?" I ask again as we reach her "Why is everybody outside?"
"There is a ship coming!" Mrs. Rimas says "The Americans found out that the Soviets were taking
us and are going all over Russia collecting people." Finally, hope. After all this time of being
tortured and treated like nothing, someone is ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Rimas says.
"Well how did everyone even find out?" I ask. I wonder, how did the soviets find out, and how did
we find out? They would never have told us on purpose. They wouldn't want to give us hope.
"The Soviets received a letter from the Americans saying they were coming and retrieving all the
Lithuanians, Latvians and Estonians to bring them to America for safety." Mrs. Rimas continues,
"One thing was clear in the letter, that if anyone was killed, hurt or hidden, they will attack Russia
alongside the Germans. The letter somehow was dropped and someone found it on the ground."
Kretzsky, it had to be him. I look around for him, but can't see him. I thought he had left, but it has
to be him. No other NKVD officer would have been able to get the letter, and would have dropped it
for us to find.
"Who are you looking for?" Jonas asks. I almost forgot he is here; he hadn't talked the whole time.
He is probably just processing and in shock, as everyone else

Is Privacy Possible in the Digital Age?
Privacy and security (Initial essay)
Introduction
When I think back one of firsts times I thought knowingly about privacy and security in my life at
category of every data being stored and maybe later analyzed it was back my previous student days
when one of my friend refused to pay with bank card in Alco–store. At that time it seemed to me
really paranoiac and weird, but now I get his idea behind it. If one is a gambler for instance, it really
isn't very smart to pay with credit card in gambling–den. But at the other hand nobody can also
blackmail you at basis of your sins which are known to everybody.
Is privacy possible in the digital age?
In current days one of the biggest and influential databases about private persons Facebook ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Furthermore if you don't share info about yourself, others will – you get tagged in photos, info will
be posted in your wall and all this is influencing and creating persons image. You could also say that
persons Facebook–image is a result of collective collaboration. What is said or done as teenage
could be found 30 years later and you can't be sure that the viewer considers the time that has
passed. Also it's creepy to think that in future there is more and more literally dead people in social
networks. Facebooks mortality arrangement
Social media is more and more used to make presumptions and decisions about people. If I get to
know someone I will go to Google and try to find out what can be found instead of waiting how all
info itself will arouse by time passing. It's debatable if it is ethical to spy about people in social
networks because behavioral patterns witnessed there belong more to private sphere. But if person is
willingly giving away his rights to privacy? Also we seldom think of privacy issues when applying
for "bonus" card to get 5% discount. It seems that sometimes people need to be protected against
themselves and until there are no new and relevant social norms aroused, this is were policymakers
should puzzle and offer solutions. Of course the balance is a key issue.
Person at viewer's role has access to uploaded information at every moment and therefore he has

Why Is It Important To Pursue Self-Determinism?
Another example of a case study which highlights a group's suffering of discrimination historically
that sets justifiable ramifications for seeking self–determinism include Estonia. Estonia was
controlled and ruled over by numerous occupiers: Danes, Swedes, Poles, Germans, Russian Tsars,
Soviet Union, but generally maintained their cultures together even though 5000 years of Estonian
nationalism almost cease to exist during the Darkest Period of Estonia that began in 1939. The
Ribbentrop–Molotov Pact allowed Soviet invasion and occupation which lasted for a year and a
half. Later, the German Nazis entered Estonia and occupied the territory until 1945, where once
again, the Soviet Union "liberated" the area, but immediately assumed control ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
However, the independence was short–lived, as the Ribbentrop–Molotov Pact of 1936 allowed
Soviet invasion and occupation which lasted for a year and a half in 1939. Later, the German Nazis
entered Estonia and occupied the territory until 1945, where once again, the Soviet Red Army
assumed control for 50 years. Yet, Estonian nationalism never disappeared, and by the time Mikhail
Gorbachev's regime introduced ideas to modernize the Soviet Union through the policies of glasnost
and perestroika, Estonians tested his policies. The Estonian Council passed an edict that allowed
Estonian law to have precedence over Soviet laws, Estonian was named the official language, and
replaced the Soviet flag with an Estonian flag. Many Soviets argued that these rulings by the council
violated the constitution; however, the members of the council––astonishingly, only received a
verbal warning from Gorbachev. As well, the Singing Revolution concurred at the same time, where
Estonians openly sang traditional Estonian songs, while the Heritage Society promoted the historical
aspects of culture and history, evidently highlighting that Estonian history and nationalism never
disappeared and further promotes the ideas of the first

Case Study: Chemi-Pharm AS
Chemi–Pharm AS develops, produces and sells allergen–free disinfection agents, cleaning and
maintenance products. Luxury skin care products with the brand name D´DIFFERENCE are also a
part of the Chemi–Pharm portfolio. Disinfectants and cleaning agents are currently being exported
to 17 countries and the company's main customers are hospitals, dentists, family doctor (GP) offices,
schools, kindergartens, the food industry, cleaning services, sports centers and spas. The company
follows international quality standards ISO 9001, ISO 14001 and ISO 13485. In 2012 and 2014 the
company obtained a Certification of European Corporate Social Responsibility. In our product
development and production, we always aim for the highest standards – maximum safety for our
skin and respiratory systems, user friendly and environmentally safe. The company is also dedicated
to developing infection control management system training plans to prevent the spread of
infectious diseases. "Hospital infections are ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
We also stand for user–friendly products that do not harm the environment. We do not just sell
products. We offer basic information that helps people to keep healthy and happy. Training and
education are crucially important. During active periods when flu is spread, cleaning and
disinfecting hands with special gels helps to prevent us from falling ill. In addition to visiting health
care institutions, Chemi–Pharm employees go to kindergartens and schools to teach and show with
the help of a special machine how dirty hands remain when they are just briefly rinsed with water.
We give meaning to this basic everyday procedure. Chemi–Pharm provides partners with adhesive
hand cleansing guides and custom–made disinfection plans. Both services are highly appreciated
and widely used. Our products and training system are user–centered, and we are always aiming for
new innovative

Evaluation of the Global Impact of the Estonia Cyber Event...
IA1 – EVALUATION OF THE GLOBAL IMPACT OF THE ESTONIA CYBER EVENT
Sherquita Tucker
CSEC655 Section 9041
Table of Contents 1. Introduction 3 2. Background and Global Impact 4 3. Vulnerabilities in
Cybersecurity Policy and Practices 5 4. Advantages of Reducing Vulnerabilities for Future Attacks 8
5. Disadvantages of Reducing Vulnerabilities for Future Attacks 8 6. Advantages of Improving
Security Practices or Policies 9 7. Disadvantages of Improving Security Practices or Policies 10 8.
Summary and Conclusion 12 References 14
IA1 – Evaluation of the Global Impact of the Estonia Cyber Event
1. Introduction
What if suddenly the safety systems of nuclear power plants unexpectedly malfunctioned, or ...
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In fact, the threat of an attack has grown significantly throughout cyberspace to where cyberspace
has emerged as an arena for war similar to that of land, sea, air and space, with the emergent
possibility to harm the national security of nation–states, as exemplified by the 2007 cyber warfare
that plagued Estonia.
Nearly a decade since the introduction of the Internet, the transnational community still does not
have an organized, authoritative group of standards to oversee the actions of nations in cyberspace.
To deter aggression in cyberspace it is necessary to have such standards established.
This paper examines the cyber–attacks of the nation Estonia and how the lack of global standards
was a critical part of the attack. In addition, this paper looks at the vulnerabilities in the cyber
security policies and practices instituted at the occurrence of the cyber–attacks on Estonia as well as
the advantages and disadvantages for improving and reducing each named vulnerability and security
practice.
2. Background and Global Impact
From the time Estonia affirmed its independence from the Soviet Union in 1991, it has
enthusiastically incorporated ICT in the everyday life of its citizens, therefore becoming one of the
most digitally connected nations in Europe. To further illustrate, over 65 percent of Estonians are
Internet consumers where they execute practically every administrative operation of society online
(Finn,

Cyber Terrorism: An Electonic Threat Essays
Cyber terrorism is make use of computers an organization or Government and certain information
via the internet, resulting in physical injury, the real world or severe disruption of infrastructure.
There are some who are against terrorism is really a form of cyber hacking or information warfare.
They disagree with the label terrorists because this is not like Hud creation of fear, physical injury,
or significant death in the population using electronic means, during the attacks and the protection
technologies.
The National Conference of State put the legislature (NCSL) which many finer points of the
definition of the term use of information technology by terrorist groups and carrying out attacks
against the network, computer systems and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The attack is a distributed denial of service attack where the selected web sites have been
bombarded with traffic to force them off the line, almost all Estonian Government Ministry network,
as well as two major Estonian bank networks were knocked offline; In addition, political parties
Website this time Prime Minister of Estonia Andrus Ansip offered fake Letter apology Ansip for
removing the statues a reminder.
Computer programs are valuable property and therefore subject to theft from the computer system.
However, it is not allowed to copy software, or software piracy, is also the main form of theft.
Software piracy by employees of the company are extensive, resulting in legal action by the
Software Publishers Association, an industry association software developers, as compared to the
major companies are not allowed to make a copy of approved programmes
Copying without permission is illegal because the software is intellectual property protected by the
laws of copyright and user license agreements. For example, in the United States, a commercial
software package are covered by the computer software piracy and counterfeiting amendments to
the Copyright Act. In most cases, the purchase of a commercial software package that really is fair
usage license fees by the end user for the individual.
The latest study by the Business Software

Describe The Relationship Between American Culture And...
When people from two different countries meet they bring their cultural background with them. This
makes it essential to have an understanding of cultural awareness and to have an understanding of
cultural diversity. Whether we are talking about their geography, society, language or social structure
we must have respect for their values, beliefs and traditions of various ethnic and socio–economic
backgrounds. Even though one's culture may seem strange to us, we must be open–minded rather
than to simply labelling it as being wrong. The country of Estonia has overcome many cultural
diversities and was declared independence in 1991 after being forcibly annexed to the Soviet Union
in 1940. According to former British Secretary Douglas Hurd, Estonia was "stolen or kidnapped
from the European family". Regardless of numerous adversities, Estonia stood strong to hold on to
its beliefs and culture.
Estonia is located near the Baltic Sea, Latvia and Russia with most of its land being flat, marshy at
or near sea level. Estonia has a vast geography, with over half of the country being vegetation;
which makes it one of greenest countries in Europe. Although landscape of the country is nice, there
is a burdensome of discarded buildings that were abandoned that was never cleaned up. The capital
city of Tallinn, is a picturesque old town which is ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This is as a result of dumping hundreds of thousands of jet fuel into the land, disposing of toxic
chemicals, explosives and weapons into their coastal and inland waters. After travelling to Estonia, I
was able to experience some of these problems at first hand. The climate was either cool or wet due
to heavy rain fall causing the land to be very marshy and susceptible to flooding; which made it
difficult for travel since the country since the country is covered with forests. As a result, the insects
were problematic due to the climate and

Cyber Policy Essay
Russian Cyber Policy Efficiency In 2007, the government of Estonia decided to move a landmark,
the Bronze Soldier, from the center of the city of Tallinn to a military cemetery. This caused outrage
in the ethnic Russian community living in Estonia. It is believed that Russia distributed false news
reports about the desecration of Soviet war graves and the Bronze Soldier. These false reports more
than likely assisted with inciting the riot that occurred on April 26, 2007 and lasted approximately
two nights. McGuinness (2017) of BBC News reports: From 27 April, Estonia was also hit by major
cyber–attacks which in some cases lasted weeks. Online services of Estonian banks, media outlets
and government bodies were taken down by unprecedented ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
This means that the cyber–attacks and the military operations that occur before, after, or during the
cyber–attack must have been authorized and coordinated together by the same entity that sanctioned
the military action. In order for the Russian government to benefit from the effects of the cyber
operations without incurring repercussions, they must be able to maintain plausible deniability. If a
party wants specific actions performed at specific times it may have to provide instructions and
potentially the tools to perform those actions. Just as a computer may use a proxy to access a
website so that the website will not know the identifying information of the computer requesting the
information, the Russians may have used a proxy, a group of non–state cyber actors, to perform the
cyber–attacks. While the group of non–state cyber actors may not agree with the government's
national objectives, they may have been incentivized with funds and/or favors. In any event, the
cyber actors directly and indirectly assist the Russian government with realizing the national
objectives, depending on if the government informed them of the true objectives. It is safe to assume
that the relationship between the government and non–state cyber–actors is potentially mutually
beneficial or that the government threatens the non–state cyber–actor in order to make them perform
some cyber action. For state cyber–actors, the relationship is mutually beneficial because the
Russian

Soviet Crimes During The Second World War
Soviet Crimes During the Second World War
Nazi Germany and Stalinist Russia both were totalitarian killers and criminals of genocide. There is
much more evidence regarding the Nazi crimes than Soviet ones and about those who conceived and
ordered the crimes, those who carried them out, and those who suffered and died as a consequence.
But a conclusion of both systems Stalinist and Nazi were genocidal by their ideology that led them
to use the mass killing of groups of their own citizens (and others) as a way to accomplish the
impossible future that they dreamed of. Stalin, Beria (Chief of NKVD) and their lieutenants were
never persecuted or convicted in any trial, but they were found guilty of war crimes and crimes
against humanity in ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Count 1, Conspiracy, was defined as a common plan or conspiracy to commit the crimes indicated in
categories two, three, and four. Count 2, Crimes Against Peace, was defined as participation in the
planning and waging of a war of aggression in violation of numerous international treaties, war
crimes. Count 3, which defined as violations of the internationally agreed upon rules for waging war
and crimes against humanity. Count 4, which was defined as murder, extermination, enslavement,
deportation, and other inhumane acts committed against any civilian population, before or during
the war.
Despite of the non–aggression pact that was signed between the Soviet Union and Poland in
Moscow on July 25th 1932 and was extended 10 years on May 5th 1934, it didn't stop The Soviet
Union from waging aggressive war on the sovereign Poland State on September 17th 1939, after a
secret agreement of the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact that proposed the conspiracy of partition Poland
between the Germans and the Soviets to be annexed. The aggression on Poland was a squeezed
attack with Nazis attacking from the west on September 1, and seventeen days later the Red Army
attacked those retreated troops from the back through the east of Poland border.
The Katyn massacre that was initiated in March of 1940 by

Grandma Viive Autobiography
Her story began in 1944, but has never been forgotten. By sharing her experience, she continues to
influence my life.
My grandma, born in Tallinn, Estonia, fled the Russian attack during WWII. Viive, age nine, Ilvi,
her four–year–old sister, and mother, Silvia, escaped on foot from the Russian occupation of their
country. Their family, broken apart, was forced to leave Karl behind, a devoted husband and father.
He was committed to protect Estonia, by fighting along side Hitler's German Army. My grandma
Viive, Aunt Ilvi, and their mother, known as Ema in Estonian, landed in Germany and were forced
to live in Displaced Persons Camps for seven years. Unsure of their future, they boarded a ship and
sailed to the United States of America. The three girls, along with other Estonians, had no choice but
to begin a new life far different than they had ever known. All three of the Baltic countries, Estonia,
Latvia, and Lithuania, lost their freedom and were annexed into the Eastern Block of the Soviet
Socialist Republic (U.S.S.R.). The people who remained suffered mass repression under Stalin's
Soviet rule. As a result, tens of thousands of Estonians experienced deportation or death. The ones
able to escape, like my grandma, were unable to return, or they would be killed as well.
As immigrants ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It can be dangerous and my grandma continues to worry about my safety, the risk of injury. To help
calm her fears, I gave her a silver charm necklace of an angel praying over a motorcycle helmet.
Since then, she continues to wear it and has never taken it off. Her unconditional care and concern
of my well being, keeps me focused on my future goals. Its simple, my education comes first.
Although professional motocross is my dream, attending college, obtaining a degree and becoming a
mechanical engineer is my life. My grandma reminds me of my continued academic
accomplishments and the successful career ahead of

The Involvement Of The Cyber Attack
In 2007 Estonia was one of the most developed nations in Europe in terms of information and
communication technology advancement. Estonia had a common practice of relying on the internet
for business transactions. In the early weeks of spring, Estonia was hit by a series of politically
motivated cyber–attacks. Numerous parties and organisation suffered different forms of denial of
service. The main parties included the Estonian government agencies, schools, banks and Internet
Service Providers. The motivation for the cyber attack was due to the fact that the Estonian
government made the decision to move a Soviet memorial of World War II from its previous or
initial location in central Tallinn to a military cemetery. This resulted to an outburst and riots in the
Estonian streets, violence towards the Ambassador of Estonia, Russia implementing indirect
economic sanctions and the most relevant, politically motivated cyber–attack against Estonia. The
Estonian state wasn't critically affected from the cyber attack of 2007, since to a high extend the
state functions and objects of demanding information infrastructure were not interrupted. However,
the world received a wake up call on the new and emerging threats of cyber attacks.
Estonia is a small country in Europe which had an interesting history with Russia/Soviet Union in
the past decade. It was once part of Russia until they declared independence in 1918. However, in
1940 it was invaded by Soviet Union which had control

Information Warfare and Cyber Terrorism: Case Studies
Topic Running Head: Information Warfare and Cyber Terrorism Information Warfare & Cyber
terrorism Russian denial–of–service attack on the country of Estonia in 2007Â VICTIM A cyber
attack was made on Estonia in 2007, on 26 April 2007 at sharp 10'o clock; government of Estonia
was made the target for a preplanned cyber attack by some secret foe (Stacy Prowell, 2010).
AGRESSOR The exile of the Russian statue that was a means of giving tribute to the Soviet
Soldiers for their efforts in World War II for sending away the Nazis form Estonia disturbed a
Russian blogger, and he started the cyber attack on Estonia. TYPE OF CYBER ATTACK Estonia's
framework of information technology was made disable by the attackers by doing the refusal of
service. This cyber assault existed for about three weeks (Stacy Prowell, 2010). TECHNIQUE OF
USING THE CYBER ATTACK The drawback of Estonia's information technology framework was
that its defensive protocol was not much secure and could be easily hacked. Moreover, the country
was much depended on internet. A cyber attack was made on Estonia in 2007 that happened on 26
April 2007 at sharp 10'o clock, the government of Estonia was made the target of cyber attack by
some secret foe. The hackers started their attack by accessing the website of Reform Party, and then
slowly and steadily hacked all the government websites, official site of Estonian Parliament and
websites of remaining political parties (Stacy Prowell, 2010). The

Summary Of Vladimir Putin's Global Orwellian Campaign
Vladimir Putin's Global Orwellian Campaign to Undermine the West, a informative article explains
how Putin's campaign is similar to Big Brother in George Orwell's book 1984. Much like the
government system in 1984, Russia lies about many things to it's citizens and surrounding countries.
To help spread Russia's lies they have many news channels such as Russia Today which you can
also watch in America (RT America) that mainly focus on police brutality, protests, and poverty.
Russia also has online websites one of which is called RT.com. RT.com was the first news channel
to gain 1 billion views on YouTube. Another similarity between the article and 1984 is that there are
people banding together to bring down the lies. StopFake is basically the

The Economic Summit Of Orlando
One of the more unusual claims to come up at the recent economic summit in Orlando was this one
from former Florida Gov. Jeb Bush: "You can fill out your tax return in Estonia online in five
minutes."
Now, we knew that 1988 Democratic presidential candidate Michael Dukakis supposedly read
books on Swedish land use planning for fun, but does Bush really spend his time studying up on tax
administration policies in Estonia, a Baltic nation with roughly 1.3 million people?
More importantly –– five minutes? Really?
With tax compliance in the United States estimated to cost upwards of $107 billion in 2005, we
knew we had to take a closer look.
We started by asking aides to Bush –– who is preparing to officially announce his candidacy on June
15 –– for supporting evidence. They sent us links to two articles. In 2012, the website Business
Insider called Estonia's tax system "scarily efficient," noting that "the process takes an average of
five minutes." The following year, The Economist agreed, reporting that "filing an annual tax return
online, as 95% of Estonians do, takes about five minutes."
We decided to go a step further and check with actual Estonians. So we contacted four journalists in
Estonia who have not only written about economic policy but have filed taxes there themselves.
Here's the kicker: It turns out Bush was over–estimating how long the Estonian system takes.
"Yes, it is possible to file a tax return in Estonia online in five minutes. And probably even

The Epic Hero Lacpleses Or The Bear-Slayer
The epic poem about the legendary hero Lacpleses or The Bear–Slayer is most fascinating but also
complex. Lacplesis was chosen by the gods so he could become a hero to his people. This poem was
written by Latvian poet Andrejs Pumpurs from 1872 to 1887. An Adopted Son In the poem
Lacplesis is the adopted son of the Lord of Lielvarde and he shows his strength by killing a bear
ripping its jaws apart with his bare hands. While at the castle of the Lord Aizkrauklis Lacplesis
sneaks peeks at the activities of the witch Spidala. She is under the Devil's control and that of the
holy man Kangars. Kangars is portrayed as a traitor who is plotting to replace the old gods with
Christianity. As with all evil witches who look to destroy Spidala attempts to drown Lacplesis and
throws him into the whirlpool of Staburags in the Daugava River. However her plans a thwarted
when the goddess Staburadze rescues him and takes him to her underwater crystal castle. It is at this
castle that Lacplesis falls in love with the lovely maiden Laimdota. He makes friends with another
hero Koknesis or The Wood Bearer and the two of them study together at ... Show more content on
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He is willing to fight this giant in order to win the hand of Laimdota. Lacplesis defeats the giant and
as in many tales the two of them make peace and choose to join forces to fight their common enemy,
the German missionaries, led by the priest Dietrich. Lacplesis with his heroic deeds make me think
of Hercules. He performs another great feat by spending a night in a sunken castle thus breaking the
curse place upon it and the castle can again rise into the air. At this time Lacplesis and Laimdota are
engaged and what follows is Laimdota reading from old books about the Creation and ancient
Latvian

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