A Chapter of Erving Goffman book "Stigma" (1963)

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2.  The Greeks see Stigma (singular)  as mark; dot; brand
refer to:
 A slave (tattoos were burned into the skin of slaves to
state that he/she belongs to the certain master/owner)
 A criminal
 Blemished person
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3.  Christian uses the term in plural form, Stigmata
(¡) to say about:
1. Eruptive skin mark, relates to crucifixion wounds
of Jesus Christ, happens to people with Christian
faith.
2. Medical Allusion relating
phenomena of the religious
allusion.
St. Padre Pio of Pietrelcina
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4. Erving Goffman, (1922-
1982) a sociologist and
writer (born in Canada but
originally Ukrainian Jews)
Today, Stigma is more about term
to label disgrace which Goffman
classified into three types of
Stigma:
1. By physical defect
People who are deaf, crippled,
blind; people with cross-eyed
(juling), harelip/cleftlip
(sumbing), and other physical
deformities.
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5. 2. By character defect and radical political behavior
people with bipolar, OCD, mental disorder,
addiction, LGBT, suicidal attempts, alcoholism,
radical politic behavior /extremist .
3. By race, color, nation, and religion
Jewish (in Nazi era),
Rohingya , etc.
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6.  Society sets:
1. Normative value
2. Uniform preference
3. Comfort zone
4. Habit
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7.  Society will see the person’s identity through
observation, interaction and communication.
Stranger
Stereotypes
Prejudice
Discrimination
STIGMATIZED
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8.  Actual Social Identity and Virtual Social Identity
 Effect of social stigma is self stigma (rejection,
avoidance, denial, mental health problem, and
isolation)
S
T
I
G
M
A
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9. 9
 Video one

10. 1. Seek for help (any way-out that can correct or heal
the blemish or defect part of oneself)
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11. 2. Weakness to Motivation
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12. 12
 Video 2

13.  (stigmatized peeps) Being present within people with
same condition will be releasing, getting the actual
social identity, feeling at home and most of all be
accepted as a normal person.
 (normal) Use other term (softer social label) such as
hard of hearing, impaired hearing and hearing loss to
talk about deaf.
 Native role model for others (story of Jazz who is a
transgender kid and now becomes spokesman for the
community).
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14.  (marginal men=people who are not in the category)
being wise; see the stigmatized person as a normal
individual whom the stigmatized person can be
himself/herself.
Step= “heart changing personal experience” – being
sympathetic - wait for validation to be seen as
courtesy member. (see story in textbook no. 41 –
Stigma and social identity)
 Getting support from family and friends, who make
stigmatized people feels like ordinary people and will
not make the sad story about them as weapon to play
emotion
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15. Moral Career
 Lesson and learn through eyes of people who are not
in stigmatized people’s category
 Understand the consequence
Develop to next process
1. I won’t let other experience the same
2. I practice to handle the response in smaller world
(school) with support from family
3. I am a new member
4.I was the courtesy and I am in the group
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16. 1. Acceptance is important both from society and the
person him/herself
2. Every human is just a human being
3. “Put yourself in somebody’s shoes”
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17. Goffman, Erving. Stigma: Notes on the Management of
Spoiled Identity. New York: Penguin Books, 1963.
Print.
Biblehub.com
Magnoliabox.com
Wikipedia.com
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