Teen Prescription Drug Abuse Essay

Teenage Prescription Drug Abuse Essay
Teenage Prescription Drug Abuse
Years ago, the common image of an adolescent drug abuser was a teen trying to escape from reality
on illegal substances like cocaine, heroin, or marijuana. Today, there is a great discrepancy between
that perception and the reality of who is likely to abuse drugs. A teenage drug abuser might not have
to look any further than his or her parent's medicine chest to 'score.' Prescription drug abuse by teens
is on the rise. Also, teens are looking to prescription drugs to fulfill different needs other than to feel
good or escape the pressures of adulthood. Teens may be just as likely to resort to drugs with
'speedy' side effects, like Ritalin to help them study longer, as they are to use prescription ... Show
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Steroid abuse by teen athletes and abuse of performance–enhancing supplements like creatine is
also on the rise (Performance–enhancing drugs and your teen athlete, 2008, The Mayo Clinic).
Although some teens may feel jaded and certain that they know 'drugs are bad,' and drugs fry your
brain like the famous fried egg in a pan in the popular television commercial immortalized during
the 1980s, many well–educated teens and young adults do not see the same risks inherent in
prescription drugs or drugs that make them feel better or run faster (The Partnership's fried egg
message, 2008, Partnership for a Drug–Free America). "For a sizable group of people in their 20's
and 30's, deciding on their own what drugs to take – in particular, stimulants, antidepressants and
other psychiatric medications – is becoming the norm. Confident of their abilities and often
skeptical of psychiatrists' expertise, they choose to rely on their own research and each other's
experience in treating problems like depression, fatigue, anxiety or a lack of concentration. A
medical degree, in their view, is useful, but not essential, and certainly not sufficient," reports the
New York Times, citing incidents of young adults
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Drugs And Prescription Drug Abuse
To illustrate the magnitude of the research problem and provide a frame of reference, this section
begins with a brief overview of the increased use of pharmaceuticals and prescription drug abuse in
the US. The section continues with the relationship between illicit drugs and prescriptions,
adolescents' abuse, personal and social factors; then concludes with the theoretical approach. The
Social–Ecological Theory, will be applied in researching prescription drug abuse, possible
influences and protective factors in adolescents in relation to prescription drug abuse, to develop
focused intervention strategies and educational programs for this population, similar to other
substances such as tobacco, alcohol, and marijuana.
Pharmaceuticals
The utilization of prescription drugs has increased across all age groups in the US, with 50% of
Americans taking at least one prescription drug (Rice & Unruh, 2016). This can be attributed to
physician–induced demand, substitution of pharmaceuticals for other medical regimens,
commercialization of the products, increase in the aging population and drug insurance coverage,
and also the increase in chronic conditions. Lathan discusses the startling fact that the rate increase
of prescription drugs purchased was considerably higher in contrast to the US population growth –
71% and 9% respectively (Rice & Unruh, 2016, p. 264).
The total spending on pharmaceuticals reported by CMS in 2014 was an astounding $263 billion (as
cited in Rice & Unruh,

Prescription Drugs
Prescription and Illegal Drugs within College Student Body; Research over facts, Acquiring them
and Consequences
The use of prescription and illegal drugs among students on today's college campuses is a growing
and serious problem. There have been multiple research studies over how, why, and the
consequences of students taking illegal and prescription drugs. These results explore how many
students easily obtain drugs, either through peers, family members, or a dealer. (Feliz 2014) After
the student is in possession of the drugs, prescription or illegal, there are a variety of reasons why
they will be used. It has been found through research that some take drugs to fit in, help focus and
stay up to study and work, and to relieve the anxiety ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The first, universal prevention focuses on preventing all students in a school from drug use. These
types of programs are aimed to provide general information about prevention of drug abuse to youth
and families. A major advantage to this type of prevention is that they are generally less expensive
which is a reason they are the most prevalent type among schools. However the advantage to these
types of programs is that many at risk families do not participate (Kumpfer n.d.). This may be
because those families are involved with drugs and do not want to bring attention to the situation.
The second type, selective prevention programs, are designed to target at– risk groups. These groups
generally made up of impoverished children of alcoholics or drug abusers (Kumpfer n.d.). These
programs can be much more efficient in helping since the individuals they are targeting are facing
the challenges the program teaches about. When youth in the group see first hand how drug and
alcohol abuse can affect someone's life, they may only need a small push in the right direction away
from a life of addiction. This small push is tailored for at–risk young adults, thus increasing its'
effectiveness. While appealing to and engaging at–risk students can prove to be a challenging
disadvantage, it is well worth the time and effort to

Prescription Drugs Vs. Medicine
Statement of the problem It has been found through different resources that prescription drugs or
medicine prices are the highest in United States. As compared to other countries such as those that
are in the phase of development, also agree that the prescription drugs or medicine costs are highest
in America than any other part of the world. Along with this, there has been a huge debate on the
topic or issue of prescription drugs as that will reform the health care systems. Also, upon
comparison with the wealthy nations of the world such as Germany, Canada, and Japan, United
States has the unfortunate honor of paying the highest rates or costs for medicines. Moreover,
evaluation of the same situation lead to a conclusion that there are ... Show more content on
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Being a member of pharmaceutical industry, it is important to know that what primary factors are
there that have raised the costs of prescription drugs and medicines. Medicines are the primary
treatment options for every doctor and prior to any operation or any major surgery, medication is
prescribed in most of the cases, where appropriate, in order to avoid the complications of surgeries
and operations. Also, while considering the economic outlook of people, it can be said that people
are not that much well– off or maximum number of the economy is not rich enough that they can
spend a huge amount of money in there treatment through medicines. Maximum position of the
different classes of a society is held by the middle class people that do not have enough money to
fulfill their needs so how are they going to make up or pay for the high rates of prescriptions drugs
and medicines. A huge amount of money when paid in treatments, leave the people with less amount
of money to fulfill their basic needs. Therefore, it is perceived that with the help of this study, it can
be evaluated that whether or not there can be any kind of changes to protect the rights of patients
who seek health care services in order to feel better rather than over– burdened with prescription
drugs or medicinal costs. Also, as mentioned while being a

Prescription Drug Abuse And Prescription Drugs
Prescription Drug Abuse Prescription Drug Abuse has increased in an alarming rate over recent
years! Prescription drug related deaths now outnumber those from heroin and cocaine combined.
The abuse in prescription drugs in America goes back more than a hundred years ago. Prescription
drug abuse is the use of a medication without a prescription, in a way other than prescribed, or for
the experience or feelings elicited. Although prescription medications are intended to help
individuals, they can sometimes become addictive and can induce serious side effects, changes in
behavior, and even death. From personal experience I know how dangerous Prescription Drug
Abuse can be. When I was younger, my brother Clay overdosed on Prescription Drugs. He went to a
"pharm party," also known as a "pill party." He was found passed out in a bedroom, and was put in a
car and taken to the hospital. He was then found to have no heartbeat and they had to cut off his
clothes and had to do the difibulizer. He is now in rehab doing much better. Everyday in the United
States 2,500 youth abuse a prescription pain reliever for the first time. Prescription drug abuse,
while most prevalent in the U.S., is a problem in many areas around the world including Europe,
Southern Africa, and Freesmeier 2
South Asia. In the United States alone, more than fifteen million people abuse prescription drugs,
more than the combined number who reported abusing cocaine, hallucinogens, inhalants, and

Dtc Prescription Drug Ads Research Paper
Pharmaceuticals and Drug Advertisements Should pharmaceuticals be the first option that is
prescribed to patients who are sick or are thinking about losing weight, even if the outcome is
negative? In today's society, people are so unbelievably reliant and dependent on pharmaceuticals,
we are so wrapped up in the fact that they need to fix every little thing that is wrong with
themselves. Society has forced upon people that the only way for someone to be healthy and "cured"
is to take drugs, but that is not necessarily the right answer. Even in historic literature such as
Macbeth by William Shakespeare, Lady Macbeth began to sleepwalk and her husband believed that
the only way she would be "cured" was if the doctor prescribed her medication to take, but that was
not the resolution. In some situations, this might be correct. While in others, such as dieting or
headaches, drugs might not be the answer. Prescription drugs can help people while at the same time
harming them, but what is more prominent: the consequence or the affirmative development into
something more. Televised drug ads have helped to update patients on the positives of
pharmaceuticals. The Direct–to–Consumer (DTC) drug ads inform people about medical conditions
and the treatments that come with those conditions. As stated by this article, "44% of patients...said
that DTC prescription drug ads helped educate them about drugs, medical conditions, and
treatments" ("Should Prescription Drugs" 2). For most patients, they are unaware of what is inside
of their medications and what the risks are. With prescription drug ads, they allow the uninformed
patients to become informed by ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
For example, if a patient must have a knee replacement, the pain is so excruciating that Tylenol and
Advil cannot help. In this situation, prescription drugs are the only option, but many individuals
choose to abuse

The Pros And Cons Of Prescription Drugs
Carre Otis, American model and actress, once said, "I grew up on antibiotics. Every ailment – sore
throats, earaches, flus – warranted a trip to the doctor and in most cases some kind of prescription...
In those days there was very little discussion about any potential negative impact of this go–to
approach to cure physical symptoms. Ailments were something to be immediately "fixed" with
whatever medicine the doctor assigned." Prescription drugs have caused a take a pill mentality to be
a major part of kid's and teen's minds as they grow up, as opposed to letting things heals naturally.
Any time a child experiences any sort of pain that is not immediately external, like a bruise,
headache, or sore muscle. The first thing to be brought up is a pill. This immediately relates that pill
to feeling better in this child's mind. As a teen, taking prescription pills can be very common. Such
as, taking caffeine pills to stay awake, a pill to fall asleep easier, and many other cases of younger
people involving themselves in these activities. Because of this, teens are growing more and more
reliant on pills to be able to function in their minds. Younger kids and teens find it easier to take
prescription drugs because they have a friendly connotation behind them. If a doctor supplies them,
then how could they hurt me? Firstly, as a child, you grow accustomed to trends happening. Santa
visiting on Christmas Eve, bedtime stories being read to you every night, going outside and playing

Persuasive Essay On Prescription Drugs
Clayton Mills
Mrs.Gallos
English III
16 November 2017
We need to stop the abuse
Even though people need their prescriptions, the abuse of them is getting out of control and we need
to find a way to regulate it better,because it can destroy a family, cause some to become addicted, or
even kill them. Prescription drugs are no joke, they can be worse than illegal drugs like marijuana,
cocaine, and even heroin. The only difference is a doctor can prescribe these types of drugs. The
problem we run into with prescription drugs is there is not enough being done to keep the person
from becoming addicted or them selling to others. In 2007 2.5 million Americans abused just
painkillers (Drug free world). That is not even including the other two types. Now it is starting to
affect teens, one out of every ten teenagers admit to abusing a prescribed drug(Drug–free world).
There are three types of prescribed abused drugs: opioids, depressants, and stimulants. The most
powerful is opioids. Opioids are used to block out pain. Some of these include opanas, oxycontin,
and roxicodone, and 5.1 million Americans abuse them regularly (Drugabuse.gov). Some of those
pills can cost any where from five dollars a pill all the way up to ninety dollars a pill (Drugs a–z)
and could even cost more than that depending on where you live. Some of the street names can be
roxy, o.p.s, oxy, and captain coden(Drug abuse.gov). ´"At the age of 20, I became an addict to a
narcotic,which began with a prescription following a surgery.¨´–James. People normally become
addicted to painkillers because of doctor giving them prescriptions after a major surgery.
The second most commonly abused prescribed drug is sedatives/depressants. These types of pills
are used for anxiety and sleeping. If these types of prescriptions are abused it can make the person
really high and not remember what they are doing. Signs can be excessive sleepiness, slurred
speech, and acting really mean (Davis).people usually look for this kind of drug because they are
depressed and the want to try to hide something in their life. This drug slows down the heartbeat so
if someone takes to many it can cause their heart to stop. The two most commonly abuse
depressants are valium and

Prescription Drug Coverage Analysis
Prescription drug coverage is fragmented as provinces and territories have control over which drugs
are included in their basket of services, and which are not. The ability for each province/territory to
decide what prescription drugs are covered has led to great variability in which drugs are covered
and the method of coverage across Canada. Variation in drug coverage plans is the biggest problem
in Canada's health care system as it is responsible for the high costs of prescription drugs. These
high costs are associated with Canadians halting treatment due to unaffordability. Furthermore,
nonadherence to prescription medications proceeds to increase health care costs via increases in
emergency room trips.
To emphasize the variation, I will ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Lower–income populations are innately more susceptible to poor health outcomes due to limitations
in lifestyle choices. Moreover, chronic illness is prevalent in these populations, suggesting this
population has high usage of prescription drugs. However, a dangerous situation arises; low–income
patients suffering from health issues needing prescription medications are unable to adhere to
treatment plans attributable to the lack of coverage resulting in expensive drug fees. By not
continuing treatment, the health status of these patients will deteriorate, forcing them to return to
hospitals/emergency rooms for help, incurring approx. $41,253 in hospital bills if major intervention
is required (Patient Cost Estimator). Evidence lies in drug spending in hospitals by province while
accounting for population size. As mentioned above, Atlantic provinces have significantly less drug
coverage; both New Brunswick and Nova Scotia have large drug expenditures in hospitals for their
population size; $70.9 billion and $97.3 billion, respectively, high costs are attributable to the poor
coverage which force individuals to seek emergency room treatment.
Essentially, the mistake of not including a universal drug plan, one shared by all
provinces/territories, is the biggest problem faced by Canada's health care as foreseeable health
consequences from high drug

Medication And Treatment Of Prescription Drugs
Because prescription drugs allow for a multitude of quick benefits, doctors are beginning to
unnecessarily overprescribe medications to their pediatric patients. Of these prescription drugs,
opioid pain killers, antibiotics, and psychiatric medications are the most commonly overprescribed
in child care. For example, opioid prescriptions have increased 300 percent in the past seventeen
years (Boerner 20), over 50 million unnecessary antibiotic prescriptions are written each year
(Murray 266), and 6.4 million psychiatric prescriptions are given to children between the ages of
four and seventeen each year (Johnson 19). The overprescribing of these medications leads to
children experiencing unnecessary side effects, increases the chances of addictions, and encourages
drug resistance. In this essay, I will be proposing that there should be a (i) government enforced set
of extensive regulations and checklists that each patient must fulfill before receiving a prescription
and (ii) governmental laws prohibiting careless prescribing by doctors and hold doctors more
accountable for the prescriptions they write. Throughout history, medications have proven to be a
vitality in our healthcare systems. Antibiotics, composed of microorganisms such as streptomycin
and penicillin, kill other infectious microorganisms in the human body. At one point, antibiotics
were considered to have "basically wiped out infection in the United States", but due to their
overuse and evolutionary

The Problem Of Prescription Drugs
There is also the issue of many people forgoing certain needs in order to not have to reduce their
prescription use. Rather than forcing themselves to space out their medication more than they are
supposed to be as prescribed, these people start cost cutting in other areas of their lives. Many will
forgo basic needs, such as food, in order to get to a point of affordability of their medication. This
cost–cutting generally can occur before the gap, just as drug reduction does, and typically continues
through the gap until catastrophic coverage is reached, or until they reach the next year and reset the
entire process (Madden and Graves, 2009; Nekhlyudov and Madden, 2011; Zivin and Madden,
2009). The danger of medication nonadherence also comes in the health outcomes of those who fail
to adhere. As explained above, when there is an increase in out–of–pocket spending required to get
prescription drugs, there is an increase in noncompliance of medication usage. This increase in
noncompliance can lead to an increase in a variety of negative outcomes in health. These can be
regression or complication of the illness that was being medicated, emergency room trips and even
admission into hospitals. No matter which negative health outcome occurs, it means a decrease in
overall health for the Medicare beneficiary (Dalen, 2009; Stuart, 2005; Zhang and Donohue, 2009).
This not only puts a strain on the beneficiary, once again spiking stress with illness relapse or
hospital issues, but

Prescription Drug Seekers Essay
(Herzberg 106.3: 408–10). This has become the norm. People take prescription drugs; lifestyle
change is far more difficult than popping a pill. Direct to consumer advertising of prescription
medication undermines a physicians authority. They went to medical school and passed rigorous
testing to become a physician, prescription drug advertising is an insult to physicians. A physician
takes an oath, "To do no harm". They are compromised with the current advertising conundrum,
knowing that if a patient does not get the prescription they want from them, they will simply seek
another doctor. Drug seekers exist, and without prescription drug advertising they would still exist.
Yet the United States is creating new drug seekers by allowing prescription

FDA's Approval of Prescription Drugs Essay
There are many direct to consumer advertising for prescription drugs. On television, magazines,
radio etc, you see the most recent advertisements for prescription drugs. After some people see the
advertisements they soon rush over to their doctor and their illness and life would be perfectly pain
and stress free. Making the public conscious of options for treatment is not a bad thing. But these
false advertisements are misleading consumers onto unnecessary treatment. Advertisements have
one primary purpose that is to persuade. Prescription medications Ads tell the consumers to get
treatment and also imply that they have the need for it to solve their problems. Since prescription
Ads have been introduced, the pharmaceutical ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Merck will soon face many challenges in the business of producing drugs. The company's most
popular drugs are coming to a close to their patent expiration. One of the best selling drugs is called
Zocar, which is used for cholesterol problems. Zocar will have to soon face competition next June
from other generic drug makers. The elimination of Zocar from the market will erase the $5.2
billion sales annually. Fosomax, an osteoporosis relieving drug, produced by Merck will soon lose
the$ 2.2 billion annual sales because of the expiration of its patent. Also, another problem is the
struggles recently to find new medicines. The prescription painkiller drug, which was introduced in
1999, is called Vioxx. Vioxx was introduced by Merck and co. Vioxx served the purpose of being a
painkiller in the relief of osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, painful menstruation and other types of
acute pain. This painkilling drug would be classified as a non–inflammatory drug (NSAIDs). Last
year, in September 2004, Merck withdrawed Vioxx, off the market. Studies of Vioxx showed that it
doubled the risk of a heart attack or stroke for patients who have used it more than 18 months. After
Merck, withdrawed Vioxx from the market, the FDA, issued a public health advisory for the users of
Vioxx. Therefore, Vioxx was on the market for five years without

Prescription Drug Abuse
It doesn't take extensive research to understand that prescription drug abuse is increasingly affecting
our lives and our society. Prescription drug abuse is currently a severe public health problem. Drug
overdose is one of the leading causes of death and is often perceived as a larger threat than other
accidental deaths because the threat, prescription drugs, are often kept inside the home. They can be
obtained from the pharmacy or medicine cabinet, so they may appear safer than they truly are.
According to the Centers for Disease Control, in 2015, 12.5 million people misused prescription
opioids1. This number doesn't take into account the non–opioid prescription abuse that is occurring.
In June of this year, the FDA announced it would be taking increasingly forceful steps to combat
opioid crisis. In addition to opioids, depressants, which treat anxiety and sleep disorders such as
Valium and Xanax also have a high rate of abuse, as well as stimulants which treat ADHD and ADD
such as Adderall, and Ritalin4. The current rates of opioid abuse fail to include these additional
medications with high potential to be abused that also make up a large portion of abuse in
prescription drugs. In this paper, I will be outlining several key points that deal with substance
abuse. I will be focusing on prescription substance abuse more specifically and how it seems to
relate to social and behavioral outcomes as a whole. Prescription drug abuse affects multiple facets
of an individual's

Prescription drugs abuse Prescription drugs are very useful in different ways, and it is one of the
first options that people take when they feel any can of paint, disease, or another kind of physiologic
problem, even though prescriptions drugs are prescribed by a doctor, and given by a pharmacist, is
an individual exceed the doses it can cause several problems, and in some cases, it can make the
person addicted. It is kwon that illegal drug such a cocaine can be extremely prejudicial and
addictive; however, prescription drugs are no safer than any illegal, what makes a drug safer will
depend on how people used it. According to NIDA, the national institute on drug abuse, there are a
varied number of medicines that have psychoactive properties, and because that, are sometimes
abused. Moreover, the most common prescription drugs abused in the United States are pain
relievers, such as Vicodin which represent 4.8%, stimulants such as Adderall with 6.8%, depressants
such as Valium (see figure 1). Another common drug abuse that generally people does not anything
about are cough and cold remedies containing dextromethorphan, which make the situation
dangerous due to the disinformation that people have about prescription medication. (NIDA).
Prescription drugs are commonly abused in different ways, statistics made for NIDA, the national
institute on drug abuse showed in 2015 the 3 major ways that people abuse the prescription (see
figure 2). The first improper used is taking a

Prescription Drugs : The Side Effects Of Prescription Drugs
Everyday people abuse prescription drugs, in 2015 approximately 136 people died from overdoses
every day. The issue that arises with these drugs is that they are very easy to take and the side effects
are relaxingly numbing. These drugs are also steadily available to everyone if they have a
prescription or they know someone with one. I've personally seen too many people get addicted to
these drugs and abuse them to the point of death. One of my buddies, Grant, was addicted to pills
when he was in his second year of highschool and it progressed for a few years after. Before school
he would take xanax and towards the end of the day he would take percocet, he overdosed several
times. Both of these drugs are known for their addictive qualities ... Show more content on
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Marijuana has many medical uses in the modern world. There has been numerous research studies
that have proven positive effects it has on diseases like cancer, insomnia, depression, and many
more. My grandpa was diagnosed three different times for cancer over the span of his life, he
smoked weed and did radiation for two of the three times. The first time he got bladder cancer, they
caught it early and were able to treat it fairly quickly. The second time he was diagnosed they found
the tumor in stage three, this one took awhile to finally cure but with the smoking and radiation they
were capable of curing it. When they found his third tumor it was again in its third stage, dismally
he was getting older so he didn't really find any appeal in smoking weed anymore. Sadly, the
radiation treatments had little to no effect this time, he later died after fighting it for one year. My
grandma still to this day believes that he died because he no longer smoked weed. I believe that my
grandma is correct, during the first two cancers they noticed that the weed and radiation were
helping with the shrinkage of the cancer, but when he stopped before the third they noticed that the
radiation wasn't helping at all. Marijuana has many positive medical effects for the user but there are
also several negative effects. Some negative effects that are common for smokers are

Dental Prescription Drugs
Background: The prescription of drugs by dental practitioners has become an important and critical
aspect of any dental practice. Most dental related situations require pharmacological along with
procedural treatments, particularly when managing pain and infections. In most dental schools,
pharmacology classes seldom cover drug–prescribing topics.This study aims to assess the errors of
dental students at clinical levels and interns in regards to drug prescription and the profile of
prescribed drugs.
Methods: A self–administrated questionnaire was given to dental students at four universities in
Yemen. A total of 464 students from the 4th& 5th academic levels, as well as from the internship
year responded to the questionnaire. Twenty–nine questions about drug prescription were
categorized into six domains as follows: Factors to take into account before prescribing drugs,
dental situations indicated antibiotics prescription, antibiotics prescribed, analgesics prescribed,
difficulties facing the students when writing a prescription, ... Show more content on
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The most frequently reason for prescription of antibiotics was abscesses, 170/464 (37%). The most
widely used NSAIDs were Par¬acetamol (Acetaminophen), resulting in 270/464 responses (58.2%).
The most commonly prescribed antibioticswas Amoxicillin (n = 344, 74.1%). Only 4.4(8.8%) of the
participants followed the WHO guide for good prescription. Female students showed significantly
more errors than their male counterparts regarding the dose and drug's brand name; p=0.002,p=
0.030, respectively. There was a significant reduction in prescription errors with the increase of the
students' educational level (p=0.001), and students from public universities showed more errors in
knowing brand names and duration of treatment comparing to those from private universities

Prescription Drug Advertising
The United States occupies 4.34% of the world's population, but accounts for 42% of global
prescription drug spending, mostly because it is one of only two countries that allow direct–to–
consumer prescription drug advertisements. However, these ads are targeting mostly healthy U.S
citizens rather than citizens who will benefit from the drug, creating potential risks for many healthy
individuals and thus, should be considered to be banned. For example, as with all commercials, the
purpose of prescription drug ads is to persuade their viewers to buy the product, which includes
targeting healthy people feel ill in order to make them in need of the product. In addition, a FDA
survey of U.S. physician, 28% reported often feeling pressured to oblige ... Show more content on
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But rather they promote higher cost of prescription drugs for profits of pharmaceutical companies,
which are expensive to many patients who benefits outweigh the disadvantages, which makes
consumers take harmful alternatives. A current example is EpiPens. Epipens have been used since
1977 and after Mylan bought EpiPens the cost was about $57 each. Later on,the prescription drug
was aggressively advertised around the U.S., being the number one quick treatment for severe
allergy attacks. In other words, it was the only well–known allergy attack treatment for many,
allowing Mylan to increase the cost of their product. However, there are hurdles of competitors
waiting to enter the market, and so the company increased the price again. As of May 2016, EpiPens
have risen more than 450%, costing $600 a pack of two in the U.S. As a result, the poor can't afford
life–saving EpiPens and use cheaper but harmful alternatives, which results are not fully accurate.
To clarify, due to the aggressive DTC prescription ads in the U.S on EpiPens it caused inflation to
the product, not allowing many lives who need it be able to purchase it. Therefore, banning DTC
prescription drugs in the U.S. will decrease the cost of products and thus, allow other opportunities
than harmful or harder prescriptions for U.S. citizens to be able to purchase while decreasing the
number of harmful drug

prescription drug abuse
Millions of people throughout the world are taking drugs on a daily basis. If you were to ask
someone why they take prescription drugs, most people would be taking them for the right reason.
However, it's estimated that twenty percent of people in the United States alone have used
prescription drugs for non–medical reasons.1 Prescription drug abuse is a serious and growing
problem that often goes unnoticed. Abusing these drugs can often lead to addiction and even death.
You can develop an addiction to certain drugs that may include: narcotic painkillers, sedatives,
tranquilizers, and stimulants.1 Prescription drugs are the most common abused category of drugs,
right next to marijuana, cocaine, heroin, and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
For instance, some people mix alcohol and Valium, both of which can slow breathing. The
combination of the two could stop breathing altogether.4 Cough and cold medications are some of
the most commonly abused over the counter medications. They contain an ingredient called
dextromethorphan. However, to get to the "high" craved by people who use drugs, large quantities
are needed. At high doses, dextromethorphan causes side effects similar to those of the drugs
Ketamine, or PCP, by affecting similar sites to the brain. Ketamine and PCP are considered
"dissociative" drugs, which make people feel disconnected from their normal selves. When taken as
directed, over the counter drugs are safe and effective, but high doses can cause problems. It's
always important to read the bottle labels and take over the counter medications only as directed.4
Not all prescription drugs have the potential for abuse and addiction. Many drugs don't even act in
the brain. For example, antibiotics are not addictive. On the rare occasion people who take drugs for
medical conditions may become addicted. This is why it is extremely important to be under a
doctor's care while taking prescription medication.4 Most prescription drugs are taken in a form that
gets to the brain slowly at a dose that treats a problem, but doesn't overwhelm the system. Both of
which reduce the likelihood of an addiction. Long–term medical use of prescription drugs can

Informative Speech On Prescription Drugs
A lady walks into a pharmacy and asks the pharmacist: "Why does my prescription medication have
40 side effects?" The Pharmacist replies: "Cause that's all we've documented so far." Today, I will be
informing you all about prescription drugs. It is important to understand prescription drugs because
many people will pop anything prescribed from a doctor without having any thoughts about what
they actually ingested. Each and every one of us will probably take some form of drug, especially
headache medication during finals week, but do we actually know the extent and content of our
favorite accessible pill? After doing extensive research by reading several scientifically acclaimed
books, reviewing government websites and articles, I acquired ... Show more content on
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After providing how drugs came about, how the human body reacts to drugs, and how drugs affect
society, I will let you form your own opinions of prescription drugs.
Drugs have been around long before the 16th century. B.C., the first signs occurring in early Egypt
where ancient tablets inscribed with formulas for drug on them. What exactly is a drug? Galen, a
Greek pharmacist who lived in 2nd century B.C., described a drug as an item that changes the
body's natural or normal functions, unlike food which keeps up normal bodily functions. In ancient
Egypt, Mesopotamia, Greece, Rome, and the Arabic empire, physicians usually coded drugs under a
sacred animal or deity like 'skin of the yellow serpent' and 'eye of the sun'.
Up until late 4th century A.D., pharmacists and physicians from the previously stated places relied
on the usage of magic, alchemy, and metaphysical properties along with the actual drug to cure
diseases. Men plagued by disease were thought to have been smite by the gods. It is unclear whether
or not early medicine actually worked to cure those diseases. This is probably because many of the
drugs used by pharmacists were simple and plant based such as tree sap, leaves, flowers, dirt and
other natural

Prescription Drugs Are Not A Problem
Over the past twenty–five years there has been a growing concern for illegal drugs, alcohol, tobacco
products, over–the–counter drugs, and prescription drugs. All of these legal and illegal drugs have
caused issues throughout North Carolina as well as the country, but one of the growing concerns is
prescription drug abuse. One of the counties in North Carolina that has been affected the most by
this epidemic is Robeson County. According to National Institute on Drug Abuse, "prescription
medications, such as those used to treat pain, attention deficit disorders, and anxiety are being
abused at a rate second only to marijuana among illicit drug users" (2015). Many people believe that
prescription drugs are not a problem because a doctor is diagnosing them with a specific health
problem. This may be the case for many of the individuals taking prescription drugs, but once the
body comes immune to the medicine it may start to carve new prescription drugs which can lead to
the abuse. The problem with prescription drugs is that many people deny they are addicted to them,
but the case is that many of these side effects from the drugs are leading to trips to the Emergency
Room (ER). In 2013, the State of the County Health Report released a publication that explained the
rates of acute poisoning by prescription drugs. According to the report released by the 2013 State of
the County Health Report, "nearly forty percent of the visits of the Emergency Room visits for acute
poisonings

The Misusing of Prescription Drugs
Eckhart Tolle once said "Every addiction arises from an unconscious refusal to face and move
through your own pain. Every addiction starts with pain and ends with pain. Whatever the substance
you are addicted to– alcohol, food, legal, or illegal drugs, or a person– you are using something or
somebody to cover up your pain." As time continues to past the amount of people that misuse or
abuse prescription drugs increasing rapidly. This has become a huge issue with teens because they
are always looking for a way to fit in with their peers. Drugs are misused for many different
purposes because of the way today's society is set up. As an alternative to practicing more or
studying to improve in ones performance, teens have begun to misuse prescription drugs in order to
enhance their performance in their school work and extra curriculum activities instead. A drug
known as "kiddie speed" is often used to help increase the concentration level of a teen during a test.
In schools it is one of the most common drugs found being misused because children have easy
access to it from either having it prescribed to them for a disorder or because it's laying around their
households. Not only do young people have access to the drugs at home but at school they can
purchase the pills from peers "up to $2 each for the tablets" (Watt 1). Not only do teens use
prescription drugs to increase their concentration but some critics would suggest that steroids are the
only type of drug misused to

Persuasive Essay On Prescription Drug Abuse
Overdose, seizures, high high rate, and high blood pressure is always a possibility when you sign up
for misusing prescription drugs. Many people have heard of prescription medication misuse but
don't really understand a lot about it and don't know that teenagers are misusing them now. Misusing
prescription medication comes with some severe consequences. More and more teens are getting
into prescription drug misuse, leading to dangerous side effects and people don't exactly know why
they are getting into it. Teenagers usually between age fourteen and eighteen are abusing
prescription drugs more often. Some of these teenagers have no desire and no thought in their head
to stop abusing prescription drugs. The Brown University Child and Adolescent
Psychopharmacology Update says, "OxyContin abuse dropped among twelfth graders from 5.5% in
2005 to 4.6% in 2006. However, there have been no similar declines in eighth to tenth graders" (8).
Rates in younger teenager OxyContin abuse have no declines at all unlike older teenage groups. It is
not only one group of teen and it is not only one group of medications, it is multiple teens using
multiple kinds of prescription drugs. The Brown University Child and Adolescent Behavior Letter
gave results from a survey including the following, "18% of teens reported abusing Vicodin", "1 in
10 reported using OxyContin" and "1 in 10 teen has tried the prescription stimulants Ritalin and/or
Adderall without a prescription" (4). These results

Argumentative Essay On Prescription Drugs
The use of prescription drugs has become prevalent in our society for treating mental illness.
Television commercial breaks are inundated with ads for prescription medication. If a person
seeking help visits a psychiatrist's office to get help for depression, anxiety, or ADHD, they are
likely to get a quick swipe of a pen on a little white prescription pad and be sent on their way. While
prescriptions can reduce or eliminate the symptoms of mental illness, they cannot cure the
underlying source of the problem. This has been found to be the case for depression. "The
effectiveness of antidepressants is being called into question more and more, while the research
behind the value of behavioral interventions is growing. A study suggested that mindfulness–based
cognitive therapy was as effective in preventing relapse in chronic depression as antidepressants"
(Walton). Using medication by itself may give people the relief they need in the short–run, but
therapy can have lasting results that will improve the person's quality of life in lasting ways.
Not only may medications be less effective than therapy, medication can have serious side effects
that can make them dangerous, especially in children. "The link between antidepressants and suicide
rates among children and adolescents is a very serious issue that both Congress and the FDA are
investigating" (Davis). Medication meant to help with serious depression cannot be considered
beneficial if it causes the patient to consider

The Drug Of Prescription Drugs
As the NFL grows in infamy from their many concussion scandals, the misusing of prescription
drugs is overshadowed, but still remains as a major issue in the NFL. A huge problem facing the
NFL today is the ill advised use of painkillers as it affects former players and current players alike.
If nothing is done to stop this dilemma, players will continue to be affected by the accoutrements of
painkillers. Only through DEA investigations, increased restrictions on prescription drugs, and
increased monitoring of player's mental health, will we end the epidemic of the misuse of painkillers
in the NFL. Background of the Problem As NFL players continue their careers, they become
household names that people start to look up to as role models. ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
With injuries plaguing the NFL, team doctors are able to use drugs such as prescription painkillers
to allow players to play through pain. NFL team doctors are able to to receive and distribute illegal
painkillers with ease. In a Vice Sports article about the suppliers of the NFL's painkiller addiction,
Aaron Gordon states, "SportPharm,...from at least June of 2009 to June of 2010, illegally provided
prescription drugs to 81 team doctors across American college and professional sports" (Gordon,
2014, para. 2). Many NFL team doctors claim that they did not know about the illegal drugs and that
they only use these companies for their systems of business. Gordon expresses that in a U–T San
Diego report written by Michael Lipman, NFL teams are not only using SportPharm, an unlicensed
California Pharmacy, for their convenient tracking system, but for the buying of massive quantities
of painkillers. These painkillers end up in the hands of the players who have the potential of
misusing them from their intended use which can destroy their lives. One cause of professional
football player's painkiller addictions is that Doctors feel pushed to have the players continue
playing. Some doctors believe that if they do not load up their players with heavy drugs to be able to
play, they will be let go from their

Prescription Drug Abuse in Teenagers Essay
Prescription Drug Abuse in Teenagers Christina King COM 220 May 19, 2010 Rosario Rivera–
Reyes
Although prescription drugs are not harmful if used correctly, prescription drug abuse is high in
teenagers. Most parents would never think their teenagers are helping themselves to prescription
medicine sitting on ones counter. The truth is, prescription drug abuse in teenagers has become very
common nowadays. The drugs are easily accessible at home, or cheap to buy at school. They are
highly addictive and can ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Reported prescription drug abuse by high school seniors in 2005
Parenting Teens (2005). According to Freedman (2006), an 18–year–old who lives in San Francisco
believes as long as the prescription medication is taken properly, it is much safer than any street
drug. "According to the findings of the Partnership for a Drug–Free America study, forty percent
said prescription were much safer than illegal drugs; while 31 percent said that there was nothing
wrong with using prescription drugs once in a while" ("Prescription–Drug Use by Teens," (2006),
para. 1). Teenagers think that because a medication has a prescription for an individual, it makes it
safe for everyone. Several factors are involved in prescribing certain medications such as medical
conditions, age, other prescriptions on may be taking and the diagnosis of the individual. Most
teenagers do not consider these factors when helping themselves to medications prescribed to
someone else. Prescription drugs are easy for a teenager to acquire either from their doctors or from
their own medicine cabinets. Most parents are not aware of the risks involved in leaving a bottle of
prescription medication lying on the counter for everyone to have access. It will start with taking
one or two at a time and then the teenager ultimately proceeds to steeling the entire bottle, buying
the

Pharmacists and Prescription Drug Abuse
West Virginia has one of the highest rates for prescription drug abuse, and overdose in the nation. In
order to change this it is important to understand what pharmacists do, their role in prevention, and
the severity of prescription drug abuse. Pharmacists are known to dispense prescription drugs to
patients and inform them about their use; However, one aspect of their career most people overlook
is that Pharmacists must keep a sharp eye out for criminals looking to abuse these prescribed drugs.
First, here is some important background information about Pharmacists. A Pharmacist is someone
who is trained and licensed to distribute medicinal drugs and to advise on their use. According to the
Occupational Outlook Handbook Pharmacists do ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
education, they must complete postsecondary courses such as anatomy, chemistry, and biology. For
most programs, applicants also must take the Pharmacy College Admissions Test, PCAT. The
Pharm.D. program usually takes four years to complete. This program includes courses in medical
ethics and pharmacology. Students will also have the opportunity to have hands–on supervised
experiences. After the completion of the program, students must pass two exams. Some jobs may
even require further education and training. Pharmacists who want to run their own Pharmacy will
benefit from getting a masters degree in business. They will spend more time on business activities
such as inventory management when working in the field. Students wanting to hold advanced
pharmacy positions such as a research job must complete a one to two year residency. The hard
work definitely pays off when looking at a Pharmacists salary and job stability, but not so much
when looking at their hours. Like most jobs, the income for Pharmacists varies depending on factors
such as location. Since most Pharmacies are open all hours some pharmacists are forced to work
nights and weekends. Now that we know all about Pharmacists, let's get to know the problem:
prescription drugs. Some prescription drugs have mind–altering affects on the body, and for that
reason are abused. People abuse drugs by taking them for reasons other than prescribed by the

Prescription Drug Abuse And Prescription Drugs Essay
Most people are familiar with prescription medications; almost everyone has taken them at one
point or another during their lifetime. Not all prescription drugs are addicting, but a large number of
them are. Prescription drug abuse is a disease that has become a major problem in the United States,
which affects over six–million Americans. Prescription drug abuse not only affects the individual,
but can additionally have far–reaching consequences that affect family, personal health,
employment, communities and society as a whole. Research has shown that at least 10% of people
prescribed an addictive medication will become dependent on the medicine. Due to prescription
drug abuse, states are beginning to monitor doctors who prescribe certain medications, more closely,
which may scare some physicians away from prescribing helpful medications to people who truly
need them. It is very likely that people given prescription medications do not intend to become
addicted or to abuse the medication. They simply want to ease their medical problems. There are
numerous reasons a person may abuse or become addicted to prescription medications. Many
physicians are over–booked and have busy schedules and don't take enough time with patients,
instead they simply write a prescription and send the person on their way. A second reason is that
most addictive medications work quickly and effectively, especially painkillers. A third reason is
that many people have a subconscious

Prescription Drugs And Its Effects On Children
Right now, at this very moment, somewhere in America, there is a commercial playing, advertising
a prescription drug, while a family sits around and watches it or subconsciously takes in what the
commercial has to offer while they stare at the bright screens of their cellular phones. The
widespread media of prescription medicines, specifically amphetamines, sedatives, and
tranquilizers, allow pills like 'Xanax' (a tranquilizer used to treat depression), Zoloft
(antidepressant), or Adderall (a medication used to treat ADHD) to become trusted, widely known,
household names. The exposure of these drugs and their hopeful, happy and alluring ads lower the
amount of perceived risk associated with these products. Most people believe, if they've seen it on
television, it must be reputable and safe to use. In fact, in a survey conducted by the University of
Michigan, only about 30% of 12th graders ever saw any risk when it came to trying sedatives or
amphetamines (Article). Although, data regarding perceived risk of tranquilizers could not be found
(Article). The low level of perceived risk involving these prescription drugs leads to a higher level
of likelihood in which adolescents may choose to abuse them. As a future psychiatrist, it will be one
of my responsibilities to prescribe patients the right medication in order to help them with their
mental issues, such as depression or anxiety, when necessary. Therefore, it is also my responsibility
to assure none of my patients are

Pros And Cons Of Drug Use Prescriptions
Drugs should be banished. Drugs use prescription is a big problem around the world today.
According to Wikipedia, "Drug addiction is a complex brain disease, it is characterized by
compulsive, at times uncontrollable drug, seeking, and use that persist even in face of extreme,
negative consequences." Even though some people believes drug prescription from doctors can help
a lot of people to relief their pain or the disease they have, individuals who use these prescriptions
will lead to addiction by destroying their life and possibly to death. Drugs prescription from doctors
can lead patients to addiction and destroy their life. Now days a lot of people misused used those
prescription from doctors and the misused used of the drugs leads them to addiction which is
become more dangerous in US. According to Passages Reflections Blog, "Nearly 2.5 million
Americans have used prescription drugs for purely recreational reasons." People who use those
drugs their body can get used to it because they will start using it to have fun, to forget their
suffering, to relief their pain, also to get high, and they think that those drugs are safe because they
are giving by a doctor. However, those drugs prescription can destroy a person's life without him/she
knowing it slowly because the more they use it the more they get addicted to it and cannot stop
using it. For example, one of my friend mother, she fall down and broke her back, the doctors gave
her pain killers drugs got better

Prescription drug abuse is increasing rapidly and especially in the teen community. It's not only in
the teen community but it is estimated 52 million people use prescription drugs for non–medical
reasons in their lifetime (Cite Source: searching for answers.) Medical professionals are now trying
to learn the symptoms/tricks of someone who is trying to get a prescription for a non–medical use.
Not only is this deviant in the medical field but also falls into the deviant behaviors of the person in
the street using or selling a prescription drug.
One thing can be misinterpreted is that if you have a prescription it is not illegal for you to have. So,
if you also have refills that your doctor wrote for you that is just enabling the addiction for someone
that does not need them for a medical reason. The part where it becomes illegal is people are selling
their prescription to other people for their own use. The 3 most common controlled prescription
drugs abused are opiates, sedative–hypnotics, and stimulants. Many teenagers believe that
prescription drugs are safer than street drugs and that they are not addictive (Cite Source: searching
for answers). That is the dangerous thing about prescription drugs is that people don't think of them
as a drug even though it can have the same effects as other drugs. There are some doctors that are
trying to fix the addiction by learning the signs of the addiction and not giving so many refills
without another visit to the

Abuse Of Prescription Drugs
One of the most misused type of drugs in the US is the misuse and abuse of Prescription Drugs. It is
estimated that 52 million people in the US have used prescription drugs for nonmedical reasons at
least once in their lifetimes. Out of those people 20 percent of them were aged 12 and older. The
National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) did a survey in the year 2010 that found that 1 in 12 high
school seniors reported past–year nonmedical use of the prescription pain reliever Vicodin and a 1 in
20 reported abusing OxyContin. It is now 2017 less than ten years from the initial report and the
numbers of high school seniors abusing prescription drugs has doubled.
Including addiction and death from an overdose there are many adverse health effects

Cultivating a Solution for the Youth of America Prescription drug abuse has become an epidemic
across the United States, destroying and affecting many lives of young Americans. Why do so many
people abuse prescription drugs? Many think that prescription drugs are safer and less addictive than
"street drugs." After all, these are drugs that moms, dads, and even kid brothers and sisters use. The
dangers are not easily seen, but the future of America's youth will soon be in severe danger if the
problem is not addressed. It will continue to get worse if action is not taken soon. Prescription drugs
are only safe for the individuals who actually have prescriptions for them because a doctor has
examined these people and prescribed the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Education is the next stepping stone to the ultimate goal of prevention. According to The USA
Today, 95% of unintentional poisoning deaths in the United States are drug overdoses and the
number nearly doubled from 1999 to 2004 ("A Tragic Reminder" 3). Both parents and children alike
do not understand the dangers that prescription drugs may bring ("Parenting of Teens" 1). After the
recent death of actor Heath Ledger, his father issued a statement that said, "Heath's accidental death
serves as a caution to the hidden dangers of combining prescription medication, even at low dosage"
("A Tragic Reminder" 1). Parents need to examine all areas of the problem and be aware of the
lurking dangers. If more of the population understood the true threats that lie within the medicine
cabinet, then young people today would have a much brighter outlook upon the future. Their
outlook would not be based on the knowledge of how to use modern medicine for the betterment of
our country and not its internal destruction. Today there are many myths regarding both legal and
illegal drugs. Examples of these myths include the idea that marijuana causes people to become
violent and the idea that aspirin is safe (Corder 3). In actuality, many have died due to hemorrhages
as a result of aspirin abuse (Corder 3). Myths concerning drugs encircle American society; it is
important for parents to maintain communication with their children in regard to

The Utilization Of Prescription Drug
The utilization of prescription drug has increased in recent times. The availability of these
medications has resulted in the treatment of numerous infections and ailments. These drugs alleviate
chronic pain, depression and anxiety, sleep apnea, and much more. For an efficient health system,
the main goal is to provide quality health care to all patients. However, over the years, there have
been many legal and health controversies over drugs and the effects that they have on the body. The
process of prescription drug starts from a lab and ultimately sojourns with the end–user. The drugs
undergo testing and are often developed to treat a specific disease before being reviewed by the
Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
Healthcare organizations use formulary systems in order to efficiently dispense prescription drugs.
According to Steiner (2014), a formulary system is an ongoing process whereby healthcare
organization establishes policies regarding the use of drugs. This system also identifies the best
medically appropriate and cost–effective drugs to best serve patients. The process of this method
includes a list of drugs approved by healthcare professionals. Some of the issues involved in
implementing formulary systems stem from legal challenges such as anti–substituting or generic
substituting laws, federal and state drug laws, and trademark laws (Steiner, 2014). In the case of
anti–substituting or generic substituting, it is imperative that pharmacists are quite

Prescription Drug Policy Pros And Cons
One topic rising in popularity is the escalating prices of prescription medicines in the United States.
There is no denying their importance; they are known for being associated with saving people lives,
maintaining people's health, and improving the lifestyles for consumers. However, Americans pay
more for prescription drugs than any other country, and there seems to be no stopping the
unprecedented rise in prescription drug costs. Therefore, congress has started to look to the North,
specifically Canada, as a solution to help increase accessibility and decrease the cost of prescription
medications. With the introduction of the S.92: Safe and Affordable Drugs from Canada Act of
2017, the expectation is for it to help lower the cost of prescription drugs by amending the Federal
Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA) to require the Department of Health and Human Services
(HHS) to spread regulations and allow individuals to get a prescription drug purchased from an
approved Canadian pharmacy (Govtrack, 2017). This paper will address the potential ethical
considerations and impacts of this policy on its stakeholders and how passing this may affect patient
care and those involved in health care.
Prescription Drug Stakeholders A stakeholder is a person, organization or system who has a vested
interest or concern in a product. Stakeholders are very influential in deciding political outcomes,
holding the power to help make a policy successful by lobbying, supporting, and

Prescription Drug Abuse And Prescription Drugs
Prescription Drug Abuse Prescription drug abuse is the use of prescription drugs in the incorrect
manner, whether it's taking a larger dose, taking someone else's drugs, injecting or snorting them, or
simply using them to get high. The three types of drugs that are most abused are opioid painkillers,
sedatives or anti–anxiety medication and simulants. Opioids are the most commonly used simply
because they are easy to obtain. One of the seven deadly sins is pleasure without conscience. The
abuse of prescription drugs is a direct reflection of this teaching. People destroy their bodies, life
and relationships around them. Too many people are dying and abusing prescription drugs each
year; creating informative programs in and out of school ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Any young person in college or high school has the opportunity of purchasing these drugs illegally
from someone who's just trying to make a little money. They could care less about how it could
affect his or her wellbeing. Prescription drug abuse can lead to addiction, over dose or even death.
More and more people are dying each day from drug overdoses. The use of the prescription drugs in
the wrong manner can result in several different life altering side affects. Between the three main
types of prescription drugs used the side affect can range from repertory failure, seizures, brain
damage, extreme weight loss or even death. Our bodies were not designed to take these drugs in
such a way. The body becomes dependent on the drugs and withdraws cause serious and painful side
affects. The brain creates certain chemicals to help us deal with pain whether it's mental or physical,
and the abuse of prescription drug throws everything out of whack. It's ironic how something that is
designed to help us can also destroy us. (Prescription)
Once prescription drugs become too hard to find and too expensive for most people they turn to
heroin. Why heroin? Heroin is much cheaper and is just as easy to find. It can satisfy one just as the
prescription drugs did. Heroin can be smoked or inject, but most teens stick to smoking the drug.
The use of heroin has almost doubled because,

Prescription drug abuse is a worldwide problem, and America is the leading country in prescription
drug usage. "Americans account for 99 percent of the world's hydrocodone consumption, 80 percent
of the world's oxycodone consumption and 65 percent of the world's hydromorphone consumption"
(Elkins). Prescription drug abuse refers to using a drug prescribed by a medical professional without
a prescription. Based on studies by the National Institute on Drug Abuse for Teens, one of the top
three most used drugs by teenagers is prescription medication. "The Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention's report shows that twenty percent of students admitted to taking prescription drugs
without a doctor's prescription one or more times during their lives" ("Editorial: Prescription Drug
Use among Teens Troubling"). Teens are taking a huge risk not only in terms of legal consequences
but also potential of overdose or death. The growing misuse of prescription medication among teens
is quickly becoming America's largest drug epidemic in history.
One of the most common ways teens get prescription drugs is through their parents. "The way most
teenagers get prescription medication is by sneaking into their parent's medicine cabinet and using
them for recreational use" ("Editorial: Prescription Drug Use among Teens Troubling"). If teens can
access prescription medication just by going through their parent's medicine cabinet, then parents
are not taking the correct precautions to owning

Are Prescription Drugs Overprescribed?
Are prescription drugs overprescribed? Are patients being prescribed the correct medications that
they actually need? Are generic drugs doing the same for the human body that marked up brand
name medications are? These are some of the public's biggest questions that can be easily answered
by research. Everyone is affected by medication and healthcare in general today. Many real life
scenarios are offered throughout this writing to support the argument. The following thesis
statement is a worldwide problem. Unfortunately, the United States has the largest problem with
inflation of drug cost and over–prescription of medications. Many people are to blame: drug
manufacturers, insurers, prescribers, educators, and many others. A change is needed. ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
In a recent study the prescriber was offered education and an financial incentive. "López–Picazo
Ferrer et al.32 carried out educational and financial incentive intervention. This study indicated an
absolute increase of 14.8%. in generic prescriptions after intervention (from 2.79% to 17.63%), with
a reported average impact." (Guttier, 2017, p. 13) Trust has been gained within generic drugs over
time as users see the same effects with the generic drug that is cheaper. Lack of education on generic
drugs make pharmacist and doctors second guess a generic drug. Users have a lack of knowledge
until the try the generic drugs. Convenience can also be explored when using a generic drug.
Evidence quality of generic drug companies is constantly on the rise due to the success level they
are having. Generic drug companies are getting a return result ,positively supporting the cause of
generic drugs. United States generic drug companies are comparing generic drug prescription
compared to what it has been statistical in the past years. Prescriber's opinion on generic drugs are
changing over time. Generic drug companies are helping prescriber's make the decision to prescribe
a generic drug by educating them. Generic drug companies are providing free vouchers to allow
physicians and pharmacist to help patients make medical decisions. Brand name drug companies

The Cost Of Pharmaceuticals Prescription Drug Prices And...
The Cost of Pharmaceuticals: Prescription Drug Prices and Retail Mark Up Diandra Hopkins
American Public University Anyone who has purchased prescription medication has probably
wondered why they cost so much. The pharmaceutical industry consist of thousands of firms
engaged in one or several functions of discovering, developing, manufacturing and marketing
medicines for human use. The price paid to a retail pharmacy for a drug is negotiated by the PBM
(Pharmacy Benefit Manager) and the pharmacy or pharmacy chain. The pharmacy is left with an
option of refusing the business, raising its prices for cash customers or reducing its operation
margin. Rising prices for goods encourage producers to find ways of supplying more also guiding
purchasers to switch to cheaper alternatives. The price mechanism encourages the productive and
careful employment of scarce resources and directs innovative efforts where they are most needed.
Analyses of pharmaceutical pricing are complicated by the intricacies of this market. The process by
which drug prices are determined is highly complex, involving numerous interactions and
arrangements among manufacturers, whole salers ,retailers, insurers, pharmacy benefit managers
(PBMs), and consumers. There are many instances, a manufacturer will provide a cash rebate to an
insurer or PBM if the manufacturer's drugs are used by the insurer's or PBM's enrollee.
Consequently, information about the size, prevalence and

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