Explain The Theory Of Natural Law

Explain the Theory of Natural Law
January 2001
Explain the theory of Natural law (25 marks)
The theory of natural law originates from Aristotle's idea of goodness as fitness for purpose and stoic's concept of a universal law of reason which is in
agreement with nature. What we now call human nature. This point is then furthered by Aquinas who agrees with the argument but furthers it by
linking it with his Christian belief by saying following this law is equivalent to following the command of God as human nature is in us inbuilt into us
from when God created us.
Aristotle believed that every object has a specific purpose and function and that its supreme good is to fulfil that purpose. This includes humans,
Aristotle believes that humans also have a purpose and function ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Aquinas didn't think about circumstances and situations as he said the primary precepts are objectively true for everyone and that using our reason
we can find the answer in every situation by using this principle making this absolute. It has since been updated by implementing the doctrine of
double effect. This is idea that in some situations you have to do a bad action in order to achieve a good consequence. For example if a woman has
cancer but is pregnant as well it is fine to give her chemotherapy as it will save her life even though it will kill her unborn foetus as the action or
intention isn't meant to kill the baby but to save the life of the mother.
The theory of natural law can be argued that it is out of date and should be updated with the ever developing world and our developing
understanding of human nature. As previously it was acceptable for someone to kill one another however it goes against the precepts of preserving
human life and to live in an ordered peaceful society. Also the idea of using contraception in order to prevent the spreading of STD's and HIV/AIDS
not to prevent the production of a child but as it goes against the precept of reproduction its wrong.
Overall the concept of natural law is to establish a standard of morality which is independent of Gods will as Gods will is shown through eternal law
which is where
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Does God Give The Old Law Only To The Jewish People
Old Law
God wishes Israel to become a virtuous community through the gift of Law. Old Law comes from God in a special way to the Jewish people for
two purposes: First, the Old Law ordered to Christ by giving testimony to Christ; Second, the Old Law ordered men toward Christ in the manner of
a disposition, since by drawing men back from idolatry, it enveloped them within the worship of the one God by whom the human race was to be
saved through Christ. So the Old Law was given for the salvation of men, but it was effected through the grace of Christ. Why does God give the Old
Law only to the Jewish people? Thomas answers this question by saying "One reason that could be invoked for why the Law was given to the Jewish
people rather than to the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The New Law does not alter the precepts of the Old Law, but gives perfection and fulfils the purpose of the Old Law. Thomas shows the relationship
between the Old Law and the New Law in I – II, q. 107. In a. 2, Thomas clearly explains the fulfilment of the Old Law in the New Law. The New Law
is related to the Old Law as the perfect to the imperfect. Now everything perfect supplies to what the imperfect lacks. Accordingly, the New Law
brings the Old Law to fulfil insofar as it supplies what the Old Law lacked. The New Law brings the Old Law to completion by conferring
justification through the power of Christ's passion. Jesus preaches in the Sermon on the Mount: "in ancient time you have heard like this, but I say
to you, this may show as a contradiction to the Old Law." But Jesus carefully brings to the complete moral perfection, teaching them the true
meaning of the Old Law as the complete representation of the Christian life. So the interior acts of the moral precepts of the Old Law continues in
the New Law in the teaching of our Lord Jesus. If an action is moral means it should be completed in the good external and internal sense. If an action
externally done without proper good intention cannot be said as good action. So "the New Law's regulation of internal acts as revealing the way to
perfect obedience of the commandments, the moral core of the Old Law." Hence the

Taking a Look at Budhist Precepts
I. Meditation: The impermanence of all things includes meditation. While you are wholly in one moment, the moments change – there is not simply
one breath, but another breath that follows. If you hold your breath, you will pass out. Eventually an individual will stop breathing. But another will
continue. Focusing on being in the moment, being where you are, you can see that even meditation is not permanent. This "spiritual practice hones
skills, including the religiously valued to do one thing...to do everything we do with full attention." (Burford 2003) "We tend to see body, breath, and
mind separately, but in zazen they come together as one reality. The first thing to pay attention to is the position of the body in zazen." (Zazen
Instructions 2012) This attentiveness will sink into the ability to pay attention to only the body, and then only the breath. Hopefully, this will give an
individual the ability to empty one's self and see the blurred line that separates and unites the "self" and the "others." The time and practice of
meditation can help focus on basic patterns in life so they can be recognized and changed. This means a person can recognize what the reasons for
their actions, the intentions and outcomes, recognizing the karma of these. Creating good karma allows one to better follow a path with less suffering,
while suffering less will create more good karma. Meditation puts you into a position of being, which allows you to recognize the emotions of greed,
hatred

Buddhism Precept Analysis
The main precepts that were causing me the most trouble would be killing and intoxication. The reason why I was tempted to eat meat was because
I saw the people around me eating it. It was a really hard struggle to pass out on eating meat for a day even thought it's not much for some people but
for me was an essential. Maybe it's because of the taste or the way it fills you up, but one thing is for sure I knew that I was attached to eating meat. But
during that time when I broke the precept I was asking myself why did I break it? Why couldn't I just hold it up just for one more day? Was it
because my family or friends were eating it? Was it the fact that I was weak even thought I knew I could at least do two days without it? I was
disappointed ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In each an every precept in Buddhism you have to respect those five rules in order to follow the path to enlightenment. Similar to the four noble truths
the first noble truth talks about dhukha: frustration, dissatisfaction, incompleteness, suffering and sorrow. The Buddha quoted in the first noble truth
"Life is change and change can never satisfy desire. Therefore everything that changes brings suffering."(Eknath 43) Similarly to the five precepts to
follow these rules you must change but by changing you will also suffered from it. Another connection between the two is the second noble truth
when it talks about the cause of suffering comes from trishna "the thirst to get what ones want and to gets ones own way". (44) Again similar to the
precepts every one of the rules revolves on thirst for something or someone just like the craving for meat or the need to on the Internet. And lastly the
fourth noble truth when it talks about "The Eightfold Path to Enlightenment"(44) same as the five precepts that was built as a practise to set a path to
understanding enlightenment through respect the principals of the practise and understanding their reasoning. The precepts relate to the overall
Buddhist worldview because it focuses on the importance of following those rules and when they are broken one should be aware of the breech and
examine how such a breech may be avoided in the future. The resultant of an action (karma) depends on the intention more than the action itself. It
entails less feelings of guilt. Buddhism places a great importance on 'mind' and it is mental suffering such as remorse, anxiety, guilt etc. should to be
avoided in order to cultivate a calm and peaceful

Buddha's Five Precepts
Along with the Four Noble Truths and the Noble Eightfold Path, the Five Precepts are the core principles that guide one along the path of Buddhism.
These Five Precepts being: not to cause harm to any living being, not to take anything not freely given, not to give into central overindulgence or
misconduct, not to lie, and to avoid intoxicants. Like all other religions, there are followers who adhere to these precepts and there are those who do
not. In the case of Buddhism, monks who commit to the monastery or more inclined to follow these principles. On the other hand, there are those who
are Buddhist, even months, who strayed from these principles
Buddhism is not truly non theistic, as Buddha refers to Devas, or gods, although not as superior beings. Buddha does refute the idea of a creator
being, so this does plays it in a non–theistic religion, as opposed to an atheistic religion, where there would be no Devas. According to Molloy, all sects,
Vajrayana, Mahayana, and even Theravada follow this principle. While Theravadas tend to be stricter than the rest, the others 10 to incorporate local
customs into their Buddhist practices. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Buddhist violence in Burma is no more surprising than Jewish gangs in New England or Christian Crusaders of the Middle Ages. It is not the
principles in most religions that fuel the violence but rather the xenophobic behaviors displayed in all societies. There is the irrational part of human
nature that can be filled by that of our neighbors fear. The main tenets of Buddhism or designed to combat this irrational predisposition for suffering,
but we are only human. As for Burma, just because someone is a month or religious does not mean they are enlightened, and when your neighbors are
driven to violence in the defense secretary is encouraging it, it would be difficult to refrain from the mob

In Southeast Asia, Animism and Buddhism have led to a...
In Southeast Asia, Animism and Buddhism have led to a unique tattoo culture where tattoos have practical, magical, protective and power enhancing
properties. Animism is the world view that non–human entities (animals, plants, and inanimate objects or phenomena) possess a spiritual essence. This
is the indigenous belief system of the people who inhabit Burma, Thailand, Southwest China, and Laos. The imagery and ritual of tattoo culture in
Southeast Asia takes its roots in a mixture of indigenous practices as well as Theraveda Buddhism. A few of the numerous names given to the tattoos
of this region are shan tattoos, yantra tattoo, katha tattoos, or sak yant. These words imply different tattoo sects of Southeast Asia, but in this paper they
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Tattoo artists are usually either monks or doctors called sara, meaning teacher. Tattooers are skilled in traditional herbal medicine, as well as the
medicine that draws on the power of the Buddhas. They must have extensive knowledge of katha and they must have access to enough power to
make efficient tattoos. Katha are used in every powerful tattoo. They are versus from the pali Buddhist scriptures, written in the sacred language of
Theraveda Buddhism. Katha are written out in khom (khmer) letters, or are arranged in cabalistic diagrams. Tattoo artist recite katha from memory
before during and after the tattoo process. The particular versus of katha depend on the intention of the tattoo. It can take ten years for someone to
acquire enough power, knowledge of katha, and technical skill to become a tattoo artist. Before a tattoo master can begin a tattoo, they must first read
the aura of the client to determine witch design best suits them. The yantra tattoo process is a magic ritual, artists often claim to be in a trance or
possessed by a spirit during the tattoo proccess. The tattoo is done by tapping homemade dyes underneath the skin. Tools can range from a variety of
items such as rattan thorns, sewing needles embedded in a wooden handle, a pointed brass engraver, or needles crafted from nails. Tattoo artists who
cater to an international community are more likely to use imported electrical equipment and more hygienic, colorful dyes.

Velasquez And His Four Ethical Precepts
Four Precepts by Manuel G. Velasquez
This paper introduced Manuel G. Velasquez and his four ethical precepts in business. These four ethical standards are specifically discussed in
Chapter 2 of his book, Business Ethics: Concepts and Cases. These four standards or principles are usually used as a guide for people to considerate in
making business decisions, which are the utility, rights, the justice and the care. They are described and explained with examples respectively below to
indicate basic principles that people should follow as a member of a group when working for a same goal.
Manuel G. Velasquez is a businessethics philosopher and is also known as the father of academic business ethics. He is the author of Business Ethics:
Concepts and Cases. The book is about business related ethical concepts and moral issues, which are now widely adopted as a textbook on business
ethics. Four precepts about business ethic, proposed by Velasquez, are approach of utilitarianism, principle of rights, principle of justice and principle
of care. Approach of Utilitarianism means that decisions or policies should be evaluated base on the estimation of benefits and costs to society.
Principle of rights is, basically, the entitlement for someone to do some certain things, and this entitlement can be separated into legal rights and moral
rights. The principle of justice indicates the fairness of distribution benefits or costs. The principle of care means people have to take care of

The Five Precepts in the Context of The Eightfold Path Essay
The Five Precepts in the Context of The Eightfold Path Both 'The Five Precepts' and 'The Eightfold Path' are significant elements of the Buddhist
religion. The precepts act as a guide for the average everyday lay Buddhist on how to create the least amount of karmic energy possible. It by no
means is the way directly to reaching Nirvana. The Eightfold Path however, is known as "the way." It is, in itself, the Fourth Noble Truth, and the path
to enlightenment. In this examination of the Five Precepts I will endeavour to relate them in context to the different aspects of the Eightfold Path. All
the precepts begin with, " I abstain from" so a definition of this word is relevant. The Oxford Dictionary... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It would help the enrichment of appreciation for The Third Precept, which is to not to indulge in sexual misconduct, because it would enable one to
gain supra–mundane intellectual understanding of the reasons why they should not partake in sexual transgression. Enrichment of appreciation for The
Fourth Precept which is not to tell lies or speak falsehood would be helped because right understanding would teach an individual the supra–mundane
understanding of why it wrong to lie. Appreciation for The Fifth Precept, which is to abstain from the use of intoxicants, would be enhanced because it
would teach an individual the supra–mundane understanding of why it is wrong to use intoxicants. The consequences of all the actions abstained from
in the precepts would be fully realised and contemplated to reach a full understanding. Those consequences of such actions would be suffering and bad
karma, preventing spiritual development for all people involved. Right Thought would help the enhancement of appreciation for the first precept, which
is to abstain from the destruction of life, as it would eliminate negative thoughts of greed and ill–will, by over coming sense pleasures and replace it
with the cultivation of loving kindness, by practicing acts of amity and concord. It would enhance the appreciation of the second precept, which is not
to take things that are not given, as it

Buddhism : Religion Of Buddhism
Buddhism
How does Buddhism, through its teachings or practices best encourage its adherents to live out the golden rule?
For this religion project I decided to look more closely into the religion of Buddhism. Buddhism is a religion that has around 300 million people world
wide of all nationalities, race, sexuality and gender following and practicing its teachings. Buddhism is a path of spiritual development leading to the
insight and understanding of the true nature of reality. Buddhist practice things like meditation because they feel it's a means of changing yourself
in order to develop the qualities of wisdom, kindness, and awareness. Buddhism does not believe in worshipping a creator, a god. They do not
believe people should look to gods to save them or bring them enlightenment. All Buddhist live by and follow what they call the five moral precepts.
By following the 5 precepts, Buddhist feel it ensure the safety and security of everyone, it allows people to be fully responsible for their lives and live
a life of peace and happiness. The first precept is based on compassion and prohibits killing, hurting and torturing. The second forbids stealing and
actions supporting stealing. The third is meant as a guide against perverse sexual actions and unfaithfulness in marriage life. The fourth emphasizes
truthfulness and telling false–hoods and the breaking of promises. The fifth is to prevent indulgence in intoxicants. Therefor if Buddhists follow these 5

Buddhism And Buddhism: Four Teachings Of Buddhism
2. MAIN TEACHINGS OF BUDDHISM
Buddhists believed in birth, rebirth and Karma which is the cause and effect in making an action. Every action has its effect and this actually links to
the cycle of rebirth which resulted in endless suffering. Buddhists then seek a way to be free from this endless suffering which is to understand the
teaching of Buddha; which consists of the three universal truths, the four noble truths, the noble Eightfold path, the triple Jewel and the five precepts
which together are known as Dharma.
The three universal truths First is the Anicca. The word means everything changes. Everything in the world including the universe depends on others to
exist. For example, human and animals need basic needs like water, food ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Since the Buddha had lived in a life of luxury and poverty, neither of it brings happiness to him which makes him suffer. He, therefore taught that
middle way is the way to overcome between the two extremes of life. He actually spent most of his life to learning about the nature and the cause of
suffering which cause The Noble eightfold path to exist.
The Noble eightfold path
Buddhist says the teaching of Buddha was described as a formula that includes physical and mental treatment to be free from suffering. This can only
work if the person takes full responsibility and apply to their life by following the steps.
First is the right understanding. This principle taught to understand the three universal truth and the four noble truth as a whole which it explain things
that are noble and true. When we fully understand the truth, we can see the world without delusion, hatred and greed. It is one of the factors that
constitute wisdom.
Next, is the right thought. This taught about determining and resolving our suffering by paying attention our action to others. If our intentions are full
with anger and greed, we are likely to cause harm to others. To avoid that kind of intention , we need to mindful before we act, speak and one of the
ways is to

May Precept In Auggie Pullman's English Teacher
Wonder Precept Essay Mr. Browne, Auggie Pullman's English Teacher, wrote many precepts over the year, and they all were related to the story.
One precept that was largely related to the book Wonder was the precept for May, The precept for May was: Do all the good you can, By all the
means you can, In all the ways you can, In all the places you can, At all the times you can, To all the people you can, As long as you ever can. (312)
John Wesley's Rule This rule was shown in many different places in Wonder, by many of the main characters and secondary characters alike. All of the
characters that had their point of view shown had personal struggles, but they were kind in the face of the other characters internal struggles. The
characters... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
All the readers of Wonder pretty much loathe Julian, even RJ Palacio agrees with the readers as she states, "Julian (boo–hiss) asks Auggie about this
character when they are first getting to know one another." She states this on her website (http://rjpalacio.com/annotations.html), under the Darth
Sidious/Emperor Palpatine subtitle. Julian's unpleasantness has been shown throughout Wonder. One example of Julian's mean–spiritedness is when
he convinced all the boys in fifth grade to not talk to Jack, at a party that Jack or Auggie wasn't invited to. Julian also was capable of terrible and/or
unbelievable lies. He said that Jack punched him because Jack had emotional problems and he wasn't expelled because Julian's parents begged
Mr.Tushman to not expel him. He also told the ridiculous lie that stated that Jack had hired to some "hitman" to "get" Julian, Miles, and Henry. Julian
also started the mean discussion about how Auggie looks like Darth Sidious and he wore a Darth Sidious costume to school. He also played tricks on
Jack, and he left notes in Auggie and Jack's lockers. In the end, Julian's nastiness didn't change, but Auggie and Jack's popularity went up and Julian's
went down. Which shows that following the May Precept accomplishes

Bernie Glassman Research Paper
Bernie Glassman, founder of the Zen Peacemakers Order, grew up in a Jewish family and was working as an aeronautical engineer before beginning
to study Buddhism under Hakuyu Taizan Maezumi Roshi in 1967. Since becoming a Zen teacher in 1976, Glassman has changed the face of Socially
Engaged Buddhism in America through his efforts to increase awareness of social issues by bearing witness to them, and through that, minimizing
suffering. The main purpose of the Zen Peacemakers' Order is the same as the main purpose of Buddhism: to minimize the suffering experienced in the
world, both for oneself and for others. The ZPO views social action as a form of spiritual practice. Bernie Glassman and the rest of the American
founding teachers of this organization ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
These programs focus on places where genocides or trauma have occurred, and on city streets in the United States where poverty and homelessness are
abundant. In 2017, the programs included a Holocaust Bearing Witness Retreat at Auschwitz–Birkenau, another in Bosnia/Herzegovina, and a final one
that offers service to the Cheyenne River Sioux Native Americans and bears witness to the Black

Personal Statement: I Want To Precept In ICU
When I was twelve years old I lost my father. My father died of an aneurysm when he was thirty five years old. I seen nurses working really hard in
taking care of my father, comforting my mom and even my sisters and brother. I knew right then that I wanted to be a nurse. Shortly after I lost my
father, my mother was hospitalized with kidney stones. I see how comforting the nurses were with my mom and I knew that was conformation. I
graduated in 2012 from a small community college with my LPN. I loved what I did. My residents became my family and for most I was there only
family. I enjoyed working in assisted living, but I felt that being there wasn't my calling. I decided to go back to school and get my RN. I want to
precept in ICU because

Principles Of The Prayer Of Silence
For this assignment, I chose to abide by the five Buddhist precepts from Thursday, November 17 to Sunday, November 19. The vow of silence was
incorporated for twenty four hours on November 16. However, I will explain my interpretations and my complete experience, including my
challenges and discoveries. 1)Avoid harming all living beings was the first precept. I decided that my body, speech, and mind can cause harm and
suffering specifically to human beings, animals and insects. I wanted to treat myself and all who surrounded me in a positive and equal manner.
Although, for health reasons, I did consume meat once a day for supper, but still understood the harm and suffering inflicted upon those animals.
2)Avoid taking what is not given and was interpreted as not using someone's time, effort, material objects, like food or gum without one's
permission. Therefore, the act of asking for all these elements was avoided by depending on myself for anything that I needed. 3)Avoid sexual or
sensual misconduct, which in my mind also consists of using technology, social media, shopping, and consuming junk food, since they can gratify
my senses and desires. I chose to close my phone for the duration of the seventy two hours. Although, the use of my laptop for work purposes was
excluded from this precept since it was necessary to do my school work in order to not harm my grades for the duration of the seventy two hours.
4)Avoid false and harmful speech includes avoiding

Buddhism Is A Religion Of The Mind And Body More Than...
Buddhism is a religion that partakes in meditation of the mind and body more than anything else. People who looking to convert into Buddhism or
is ready to take it up as a serious lifestyle they have to undertake training, rules and devotional oaths. If one is to become a monk in the religion they
would have to follow the sacred text of Buddhism and in a form pledge themselves to take it step by step. The ten training percepts is an example in
which I chose to further explore.
1."I undertake to abide by the precept to abstain from killing." Aside from killing another human being I want to hope this involves animals and any
other living creature not just humans. There are people in the world who partakes in the killing of animals for simple reasons such as a purse or
decorative items or for leisure time. Which I personally find it unethical in all accounts. It also extends into harming another living creature no matter
how small.
2."I undertake to abide by the precept to abstain from stealing." Under this statement the person pledging is to refrain from any activity of taking
anything that doesn't belong to them or take what is not given. It too can indicate not to misuse the trust you may have gained from a person because
in way it is breaking this vow you have promised to keep.
3."I undertake to abide by the precept to abstain from sexual misconduct." A person taking this vow simply gives the word to be away from any sexual
contact. It includes from feeling any lust

80/20 Precept
The 80/20 precept calls for a static breakdown of causes at any one time, as polar to alter over time. The art of utilizing the 80/20 precept is to
distinguish which way the grain of truth is presently running and tap that as much as conceivable. The 80/20 measures are only a metaphor and a
valuable benchmark. The true rela– tionship might be more or less imbalanced than 80/20. The 80/20 precept insists all the same, that in many cases
the relationship is really likely to be unbalanced and just about 80/20. The 80/20 precept is exceedingly versatile. It may be profitably applied to
whatever industry and whatever organization, whatever function inside an organization and whatever individual occupation. It helps you distinguish all
the

Buddha's Five Precepts Analysis
The sermon by Buddha informs people about the five precepts of Buddhism. The Five Percepts are one shall not harm living things, take what's
not given, misuse sex, lie, or use alcohol or drugs. Buddha says people will suffer in America due to wishing for fame and fortune. He speaks
about using internet and television as a gateway to filter into people's desires. He takes the people step by step into how to reach enlightenment.
One shall not kill or harm a living thing is the first precept Buddha mentions. He notices that so many murders happen in America. People are being
killed no matter the race, gender, or age. In order to not suffer, people have to not kill one another. People even kill themselves. Killing oneself is
not the key because someone will suffer from that lost as well. He also talks about how people hunt animals and kill for sport. He spoke about how
we think we will not suffer by killing cows, chicken, and pigs to feed our families, but mad cow diseases and salmonella are just America's karma for
causing harm toward a living creature. Next he addressed the second precept, one shall not steal. He spoke about how we don't need to want what
other have. We need to be happy with our self, therefore, preventing people from stealing. He expressed that when a person desire what others have,
that human... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Americans gossip a lot. There are magazines, online blogs and talk shows based solely on gossip. People who stand in line at grocery store indulge
in magazines like OK and Star. Gossip is just rumors that may or may not be true. People suffer greatly from chitchat. An online blog might start a
scandal about a person that can't handle the heat and result to suicide. Lying also creates grief. It can have people dealing with unnecessary pain.
Individuals could be punished based on the truth of a lie. People should focus on self to gain enlightenment. People should treat others like they want to
be

The World's Most Influential Philosopher: Thomas Aquinas
Thomas Aquinas (1225 – 1274) was one of the world's most influential philosophers. His book, the "SummaTheologiГ¦" is an incomplete piece of
literature that Aquinas began to write but never finished due to his passing. Aquinas answers some of the world's most abstract questions regarding
faith and the existence of the human race. Aquinas' view on natural law is structured strongly under the part of divine law, which includes the belief of
God and a higher moral reasoning. The specific reading focuses on question 94 regarding the natural law. The main topics discussed are six articles:
whether natural law is habit, whether the natural law contains several precepts or just one only, whether all acts of virtue are prescribed by natural law,
whether natural law is the same in all men, whether natural law ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
To begin with article one, Aquinas answers that natural law is not a habit, but the act of natural law is impressed in the minds of man. Since "natural
law is something appointed by reason" (Aquinas, ST I–I. Q.94 A1.), natural law cannot be habit. Because natural law are the laws that are ought to be
followed, man can still choose to not act in these ways; therefore, natural law is not habit. To answer the second article, Aquinas states that there are not
multiple precepts, otherwise, there would have to be multiple natural laws (Aquinas, ST I–I. Q.94 A2.) It is described that natural law is separated into
two precepts: primary and secondary. Primary precepts are what man is ought to do: avoid evil and strive for goodness. Secondary precepts derive
from primary precepts: "All these precepts of the law of nature have the character of one natural law, insasmuch as they flow from one first precept"
(Aquinas, ST I–I. Q.94 ad.1). This

Mappo's Impact On Japanese Buddhism
Justin Rauman
Japanese 486
10/13/2016
Mappo and it's profound impact on Japanese Buddhism The idea of Mappo in Japanese religions had a profound impact on Kamakura buddhism.
The idea of Mappo came from China in 6 C.E, which then spread throughout Japan. Mappo is the idea that after the Shakyamuni buddha passed,
then came 3 eras of the True Dharma. The eras of the True Dharma, Semblance Dharma, and finally mappo. The first two eras lasted about 1,000
years each, and led to the mappo. Mappo is the era in which the dharma is no longer successful, and it is not impossible to follow correct practice,
which is now ineffective and tainted. In this essay I will compare and contrast the belief of Mappo in Zen, Nichiren, and Pure Land schools, and
discussing ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Although he believed in nembutsu and Honen's teachings, his beliefs changed into something very different. Shinran put all stress on "tariki". Tariki is
Amida's mercy and compassion. He believed that one's buddhist beliefs only existed because they were touched by tariki (Amida Buddha's
compassion). Shinran's belief in tariki applied to nembutsu as well. The nembutsu would bring you Amida's mercy and compassion, allowing to cross
to the Pure Land. Shinran's view on nembutsu contrasts Honen because Shinran believed it is only necessary to chant Amida's name once. This was
because chanting hundreds of time put too much effort on your own efforts rather than on the compassion and mercy of Amida. (Ueda and Hirota,
"Shinran") It is very clear Shinran was influenced greatly by Honen. Honen's teachings that it is impossible to follow the Sacred way to attain
enlightenment, so we must follow to Pure Land way in order to be on a path to enlightenment. Shinran's beliefs extend upon this principle but also
relying on tariki through nembutsu, which only has to be chanted once. Honen believed all other buddhist practices were "sundry", meaning not
important in crossing to the Pure Land. (Stone, "Seeking Enlightenment In The Last Age") Honen and Shinran both agreed that we can not rely on our
own efforts to reach the Pure Land. Honen's thought was extremely debatable and to some offensive because the precepts we a huge part of the
monastery and buddhism as a whole. Because of this Honen and Shinran underwent a lot of criticism within the schools. Despite this, Honen still
practiced precepts by personal choice, not because he believed it as a way to reach the Pure Land. Shinran on the other hand focused solely on tariki
and nembutsu. Shinran's study and self reflection of his own sinful nature reflects the mappo consciousness in a much more intense way the Honen.
Shinran's wholehearted and deep internalization

Dukkha Suffering
Dukkha
The meaning of Dukkha in Buddhism is suffering , unhappiness , stressfulness. Suffering is the thing that people fear the most Although you are very
happy, suffering cause happiness meaning less. Buddha teaching about Dukkha for understanding them and how to eliminate them and found the true
happiness. Started when the Buddha was the prince saw dukkhas , he observed four sights which are an old man, a sick man, dead person and monk.
Finally, he decided to learn about them and find the way to eliminate them. There are 2 types of Suffering the first one is Kayikadhuk or Physical
suffering and the second one is Jesikadhuk or Mental suffering. Physical suffering are divided into many subgroups such as directly suffering (trauma ,
physical

Analysis Of Bushido: Samurai Ethics And The Soul Of Japan
In the text of Bushido: Samurai Ethics and the Soul of Japan by Imazo Nitobe, various precepts of samurai conduct are outlined. Many stories of the
samurai exploits and battles are highlighted in the texts of: Hogen Monogatari: Tale of the Disorder in Hogen by, William R. Wilson, and the Tales of
the Heike by, Burton Watson. These warrior tales passed down by many generations throughout all of Japan contain insight into the actions and
character of the samurai warriors. According to Bushido, when compared to the texts of Hogen Monogatari and the Tales of the Heike there are many
instances in which the samurai abide by moral codes, and other times when they stray in the precepts of loyalty, politeness, and suicide, in which they
allow their ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The samurai follow a very strict moral code pertaining to all aspects of their daily lives and conduct in and out of warfare. Although these codes seem
to be engrained in the samurai and carried out with them wherever they go, there are some occasions in which their loyalties to a higher power and
their emotions tend to get the best of them, clouding their judgment. Most of these weighty decisions they are forced to make call into question the
very saliency of the Bushido and show that in certain situations the samurai choices are in direct opposition to their moral codes as seen in the precepts
of filial piety, as it pertains to loyalty, and their constructs of suicide. On the contrary when the precepts of Politeness are called to question the texts
show that there are many instances in which the samurai follow these codes without falter. These specific instances found in the war tales of Hogen
and the Heike show that it is often times the situation in which the samurai find themselves in that is the ultimate determinant of their

The Precepts Of Ptah-Hotep, C. 2200 BC
The Precepts of Ptah–Hotep, c. 2200 BC
Study Questions:
1.What is the author's goal in writing this text?
That with wisdom and control is what makes a great person and leader. Go about life in a respectable way, make decisions based upon what you think
is right and generally accepted by society. If you choose to go in the opposite direction, you know of the consequences that come with the decisions.
2.What does this text suggest to us about the structure of politics in Ancient Egypt (for example, does it make it look like the king has absolute power)?
The king certainly has absolute power; he demonstrates it through punishment and rewards for disobeying or obeying his authority. He is the
distributor of wealth, etc. So he can just as easily take it away. Although, you are allowed to think for yourself as well but it must be thought out
extensively before said or done. If not and it has damaged you or the kingdom, it comes attached with serious consequences.
3. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
How important is hierarchy [look this up if you don't know what it means] in this society?
It is extremely important, rank and authority is taken very seriously. It is a general rule that the people with authority/power above you are the
correct people to listen to and make decisions. It is suggested that leaders should not "harden your heart" because they are an authority figure. They
are expected to stay true to themselves but at the same time capable of being stern when needed. If a leader is not capable of doing so, the chances of
being overthrown are increased

Ajahn Loopholes
However, there are some loopholes made by the Ajahn and other monks for certain Vinaya to get around them. In the fifth precept it states that it's
prohibited to use alcohol or drugs or to smoke. The Ajahn himself states that chewing tobacco is permitted as he too chews tobacco. The Ajahn states,
"Actually there is one small loophole I've been indulging in during the last two years, and that's chewing tobacco..." (Ward, 18). Next, in the sixth
precept it clearly states non consumption of food after noon or before dawn. However, the Ajahn has bent the rules saying that honey, chocolate and
sugar is allowed as it's not considered as solids or food but as hardened liquids (Ward, 19). In the first precept it states that monks cannot cut plants

Five Precepts
Firstly when Tim arrives at the monastery, Pah Nanachat he is given an explanation about the vinaya rules and the precepts carried out in the
monastery. These rules are set by the Ajahn (head monk) to assure the method of living with each other and have peace among each other. The
Ajahn states that; "The rules we follow are the same ones the Buddha laid down in the Vinaya twenty five hundred years ago... The monks follow
two hundred and twenty seven training precepts" (Ward, 17). Tim was to be ordained as a Pakhao, the Ajahn explains the five precept and the
additional three rules which he needed to follow. The five precepts are some training rules for disciplining a person's body, speech and mind (Sri
Dhammananda K., par 5 pg. 3). The first precept is about avoiding killing any living being.... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The second precept is to avoid stealing. Avoiding inappropriate speech such as lying, coarse language and peripheral gossips. The fourth precept is to
refrain from any seductive activities. The Bhikkuni's section has been formed a distance away from the Bhikku monastery to avoid any erotic feelings.
However, the Ajahn explains the greatest issue is the provocation to masturbate. Masturbation is an act of sexuality and it is prohibited in the
monastery and for a Buddhist Pakhao, Novice and Monk. The only exemption is the emission of semen during dream while sleeping (Ward, 18).
"Intentional emission of semen, except during dream, is a Samghavasesa" (Prebish, 55). The fifth precept is non consumption of alcohol, drugs or

Some Christian Precepts and Concepts
Christianity is a religion that provides adherents with the ability to fulfill their relationship with God every day. However not all Christians exercise
this covenantal relationship the same way or act out the principal beliefs to the same extent. Different denominations represent their beliefs – the
foundations for their lived expression – in different manners. Some of the Christian principal beliefs include, Revelation, Salvation, the Trinity, and the
Life, Death and Resurrection of Jesus. It is through environmental ethics and ethical teachings, and the practice of baptism that adherents are able to
connect to their one God and attain a healthy relationship with God to a certain extent.
Baptism is a highly significant practice for most Christians as it is the rite that marks the admission of an individual into most of the Christian
churches. It is through this practice that candidates (commonly infants in Anglican, Catholic and Orthodox branches of Christianity) hand themselves to
God whilst receiving a promise of eternal life in the Kingdom of God. Baptism is significant to the individual and also to the wider church community
as it is through this introduction of a new person into the community, that adherents are able to live out their principal beliefs in different ways and
therefore fulfill their relationship with God. Within the sacrament of baptism, all three aspects of the principal belief of the Trinity is revealed, "Go,
therefore, make disciples of all

Buddha Beliefs
Buddhism has been around for an estimated two and a half thousand years and its birthplace along with the Buddha himself was born in a small
state like place in India. India during the 6th century was comprised of small independent states that competed for resources. One of those states
Kapilavastu was the birthplace of Siddhartha Gautama, the Buddha. Siddhartha Gautama was the son of the ruler of a petty kingdom, legend says
that when Gautama was born sages could see potential to be either a great leader of an empire or a sage himself. No exact date of Gautama's birth is
known, however most agree on the year being 563 B.C as the year he was born in. Siddhartha Gautama lived a sheltered and luxurious life up until his
29th birthday when... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Buddha himself had to suffer spiritually while he tried to find his enlightened path. The Four Noble Truths teaches and explores human suffering
and have been describe as simplistic but useful. Dukkha is the first of the Four Noble Truths. Dukkha teaches that suffering exists, it is real and
universal and has many causes, pain, and failure. Samudaya is number two of The Four Noble Truths. Samudaya teaches that there is a reason for
suffering. The belief is Suffering is wanting to control things and can take multiple forms like, wanting sensual pleasures, the need for fame, and
wanting to avoid unpleasant sensations. Just as Samudaya teaches that there is a reason for suffering, Nirodha teaches that suffering will end. Suffering
will end with final liberation of nirvana, the mind will experience complete freedom. The fourth and final Noble Truth is Magga which teaches that in
order to completely end all suffering you must follow the Eightfold Path (Johnson, J. M. 2015). Buddhists do not believe in flashiness, money, and
worldly possessions bringing you ultimate

Ethical Code Of Buddhism Essay
The moral elements in the ethical code of Buddhism is rooted in the unchanging law of causality. The demonstrates that goodness leads to happiness
and that evil leads to suffering as amplified in teachings, such as Karma. The moral codes for Buddhism ethics [ethic', which is derived from the
Greek word 'Д“thos' 'nature, disposition', (plural) 'customs' To be truly ethical is to live by our ethos: to live by a set of principles and values we
have freely chosen, because they reflect our deepest aspirations and sense of meaning( )] are the five precepts: refraining from harming living
creatures, refraining from taking what has not been given, refraining from sexual immorality, refraining from speaking falsely, and refraining from
taking intoxicants are aids in the achievement of reaching Nirvana. The codes are in ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
They are quite conspicuous laws that are often seen as everyday offence in most man–made societies. If violated prior of taking on the precepts, they
are consequences in these societies. Yet, in contrast, the fifth precept is not so obvious/ fundamental. A true offence is only considered in the teachings
after the precepts are taken, after the dedication, determination and acknowledgment to follow the Buddha's teachings have been taking to uphold
values and practice morality to fully liberate oneself from suffering. This precept is more self – indulging, as it is taken by choice and with the belief
that taking it is the cultivation of good for oneself and others and a step towards the living a moral life. This precept considers additional thoughts,
thus, should not be followed nor taking on for the sake of it, rather should be felt and denoted for pristine intentions and redress

Why Does It Difficult To Have Faded Muscles?
In the physical sense, you cannot stand without strong back and abdominal muscles. You cannot hold your head up high with weak muscles. Older
people have lower back issues because of the weakening of these muscles. Their shoulders start to slump forward and they find it painful in the lower
back to straighten up their shoulders like a soldier. They find it awkward to stand that way. They tilt their head forward a little and it is very difficult to
hold their head in the up position. In the spiritual sense, Christians have a problem standing for the truth when their waist is not girded with God's truth.
Their spiritual head drops in uncertainty, their confidence is shaken, and their shoulders are slumped in despair. Their eyes are looking for... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
In the physical, it takes a commitment to a regular regime, consistently building on the previous workout and eating nutrient rich foods. Empty
calorie junk foods are not on the list for the person serious about their health. A diet with good protein for building the muscles is essential. Likewise,
in the spiritual it takes continual mediation in God's Word and building on the daily conversations with the Father. It takes time to mature and
develop the strength necessary to walk in truth during the difficult periods of our lives. King David says in Psalms 119:15, "I will meditate on Your
precepts, and contemplate Your ways." Again, he says in Psalms 119:27, "Make me understand the way of Your precepts; So shall I meditate on Your
wonderful works." Meditating is more than reading. You are not reading to know what the author said, but to understand the spirit of what the author
meant. God's Word is truth; therefore, it demands that you act upon it. If there is no action then you are saying it is not truth. If it is not truth then by
extension, it is a lie. To act upon it is to apply it in the trials and temptations that come your way as a means to overcome them. Truth acted upon will
always bring strength and maturity towards

The Natural Law Is Not The Sharing From Within Of The...
Aquinas defines "Natural Law" as the sharing from within of the Eternal Law. "The natural law" is just the rational person's involvement in the eternal
law. This involvement is available to all persons independently of any belief on their part in God. The natural law is observed whenever people both
engage in correct practical reasoning about what is good and best for them in any given situation and when they act in accordance with that natural
inclination. The natural law, according to Aquinas, has certain basic and self–evident ideas that would be known to any human with a properly
functioning intellect and a little experience of the world. What St Thomas says first and foremost, is the idea that, "anything good is to be pursued and...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The goodness of the will 's acts depends on the goodness of its term or object. Since the will is a rational concept, inclining toward objects
presented to it by reason, it makes sense that "goodness of the will depends on reason, in the same way that it depends on its object." Thomas
teaches that practical reason should be measured by its first principles. Such principles are the primary ideas of the natural law, which is the
rational person's unique way of participating in God 's eternal law. God 's eternal law is received in or communicated to human beings through
their natural tendency and their reason. Rational people participate in God 's eternal law not simply by being ruled and measured by it but also by
actively measuring and ruling their own actions in accordance with its truth. People participate in the eternal law by coming to know the truths of
the eternal law and expressing these as ideas of the practical reason; and there is, Thomas says, "an ordered progression in this active participation
in the truths of the eternal law. For the natural law consists of an ordered series of "precepts" or ideas of practical reason." (May, 1992) Thomas
then lists some of these natural tendencies and the human goods to which they direct us and which reason is naturally understood as goods to be
pursued and done such as the tendencies to preserve one 's life, to bear and raise children, to live in society with others, and to come to a

Explain Natural Law Theory Essay
Explain Natural Law theory
In this essay, I will discuss the theories behind Natural Law, as well as the qualities it is seen to possess. I will explain Aquinas' concepts and theory
on Natural Law, discussing eudaimonia and the doctrine of the double effect. Finally, I will reflect on some of the positive and negative aspects, in
summarising Natural Law theory. It is important to highlight that Natural Laws differ from acts which occur naturally. There are many aspects to
Natural Law, the first being the concept that it is absolute; therefore it includes set rules to follow.Thomas Aquinas believed that these rules were the
primary precepts, along with the secondary precepts, which are obtained from natural morality within humans. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
This means humans have an innate understanding of the concept "That good is to be done and to avoid evil". This natural reasoning, helped to
form the basic principles for how to determine the right action within a situation. As previously mentioned, Natural Law was originally based upon
the idea that all humans strive for eudaimonia, although Aquinas had his own interpretation of this concept that upheld Gods satisfaction should
be the true purpose of life for humans. In order to achieve eudaimonia and follow Gods plan, Aquinas observed five main aims that he felt were
inbuilt in humans, due to God creating us with the ability to reason, these were named the Primary Precepts. The Primary precepts are:
'Worshiping God', 'Fulfilling an ordered society', 'Reproducing', 'Learning', and 'Defending the innocent'. It is from following these five rules; we
derive the concept of Secondary precepts. These rules cannot be broken, and are absolute, as well as being universal. The secondary precepts are
there to set out a pathway for the primary precepts to be implemented. As an example, the Primary precept 'worship god' may be supported by the
Secondary precept 'set one day a week aside for worship.' When actively applying Natural Law theory to individual situations, the word Causistry is
used. If Natural Law is followed, then for a doctor, terminating a patient wishing to be euthanatized would be morally wrong. However, if the doctor
injects the patient with a large amount of

Ethics As A Complex Of Moral Precepts Essay
Ethics in Enlisted Evaluations
Ethics: defined as a complex of moral precepts held or rules of conduct followed by an individual (dictionary.com, 2014). Non–commissioned officers
and officers in the Army, find themselves facing ethical dilemmas on a daily basis. Some dilemmas are minute in nature, while others force
Non–commissioned officers and officers into making questionable decisions. The Non–Commissioned Officer Evaluation Report, or NCOER, is one
of the most prevalent tests of ethical character, facing the enlisted rating chain. A leader's failure in properly counseling a Non–commissioned officer
accordingly will result in either a hastily generated evaluation or an evaluation the Non–commissioned officer does not deserve. The lack of effort on
the part of the Soldiers rating chain to properly counsel, develop, and foster a Non–commissioned officers' growth is unacceptable. Therefore, changes
to regulatory guidance that one: forces the Soldiers rating chain to conduct required counseling sessions, and two: postures the sergeants major as an
approving authority will circumvent the over–inflation of enlisted evaluations.
The Non–Commissioned Officer Evaluation Report, Present Day Currently, a rater provides an initial counseling to a Non–commissioned officer, after
a thirty–day assessment that outlines their duties, responsibilities, and expectations, followed–up by quarterly counseling's over the duration of a year
leading to their annual report. In the past,

Philosophy Is What You Know
British logician Bertrand Russel once opined, "Science is what you know. Philosophy is what you don 't know". Russell's logic assumes philosophical
discussion to be mere speculation. Russell's logic aside, philosophies serve to provide an academic field its notional base. Serving as overarching
theories, hypothetical philosophies are comprised of foundational principles and precepts. Like any conjectural philosophy, this one will speculate about
effective leadership's foundational precepts and principles. This treatise addresses four (4) foundational precepts and three (3) guiding principles
comprising my personal philosophy toward effectual leadership.
The Precepts
A codified instruction, tenet, or canon, precepts regulate or govern ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Idealized Influence (II) requires leaders to serve as an exemplar to followers. Inspirational Motivation (IM) obliges leaders to stimulate and encourage
followers. Considered the most formative TL component, Individualized Consideration (IC) demands leaders hold developmental and supportive
concern for followers. Finally, Intellectual Stimulation (IS) necessarily demands follower cognitive growth as a leader charge.
Precept #3 deals with worthy leadership. Leaders must provide followers worthy leadership or cease to serve as leaders. Not all leaders are worthy
leaders. In fact, research suggests most aren't. Thompson, Grahek, Phillips, and Fay (2008) define worthy leaders as those with "ability to guide,
direct, or influence people in a way that has great merit" (p. 366). In short, worthy leaders possess the "capacity, commitment, and character" to lead (p.
368).
Take Hall–of–Fame basketball coach Bob Knight for example, Knight suggests he lost his fitness as a worthy leader by failing in his commitment to
coaching at the highest level. "My competency was never in doubt", explains Knight. "Nor was my character ever in question. I simply no longer
wanted to suffer rigors or make personal sacrifices associated with coaching at a championship level." Being a fully worthy leader demands leaders

Right Speech : Pali Canon
Right Speech Pali Canon: And what is right speech? Abstaining from lying, from divisive speech, from abusive speech, and from idle chatter: This is
called right speech. We let things slip out of our mouths, sometimes even unknowingly, on a daily basis. A secret promised to be kept quiet or tongue
in cheek humor that you just couldn't keep to yourself; it happens to the best of us. After all, it's just a joke. It is only when consequences arise that we
notice the magnitude of one's words. Rumors flying, friendships ending, someone is left crying; things we never think about when we're uttering a one
liner or a smart comment. Buddha realized the potential of language long ago, when he passed down the knowledge of the Eightfold Path. For monks,
that is "Monks, a statement endowed with five factors is well–spoken, not ill–spoken. It is blameless & unfaulted by knowledgeable people. Which
five? "It is spoken at the right time. It is spoken in truth. It is spoken affectionately. It is spoken beneficially. It is spoken with a mind of good–will. "A
statement endowed with these five factors is well–spoken, not ill–spoken. It is blameless & unfaulted by knowledgeable people." Right Speech creates
peace for oneself and others. When we do not follow Right Speech, we upset others and ourselves through arguments and harsh words. It upsets the
mind, and creates a difficult environment for spiritual growth. For lay people this would include refraining from lying, gossip, swearing,

January Precept Analysis
The January precept states that you are far too smart to be the only thing standing in your way. I decided to ponder this statement for one month. Each
day I examined the precept from a different perspective, and thought about what it means. After several days of contemplation I decided to directly
apply the precept to different life situations. By the end of the month I had learned many new things about myself. This time also helped me gain
insight on the true meaning behind the January precept. Ultimately I decided to agree with the principle of the January Precept. In my life, the January
precept holds great personal meaning. Each day I am guided by the principle outlined in this precept. Following this principle has helped me lead a
more positive and healthy life. When... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
I would encourage anyone to think about this precept, and decide if they think it should be applied to their life. I believe that if everyone were
guided by this principle the world would have many more people who are inspired and have the confidence to accomplish their most unfeasible
dreams and goals. For these reasons I find profuse meaning in the January precept. I believe that I am currently living by the principal of the
January precept. In the past I often allowed myself to get in the way of growing as a person. One example of a time when I stood in my own way
was when I applied for a job on December 30, 2016. After applying for a position at Publix supermarket I patiently awaited a phone call. Nearly
eleven months went by with no reciprocation from Publix. Finally, on November 15th, 2017, I marched into Publix and spoke to a manager. After
eleven months of waiting I was rewarded with a job. However the manager informed me that if I had spoken to him earlier I would have been given
the position right away. Because of this disappointment, I learned to be more ambitious and not allow lack

The First Precept In Buddhism
First Precept: I observe the precept of abstaining from the destruction of life.
The first precept states the importance of coexistence and respect for the right to live. Every being that exists do so because it is to complete a life
in the same reality we are in. To take or destroy the life of any living being is to disturb the nature of life itself. To observe the first precept is to ensure
that you cultivate kindness, compassion and love for other living beings at all times.
The observance of the first precept is not only about preventing yourself from killing; it is also about ensuring that you put conscious effort in
alleviating other people's pain and suffering. Your thoughts, speech and action should be for the welfare of others and yourself. Practical Applications:
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
If they want to spend time with you, it will be their decision to make. You can ask other people to spend more time with you, but do not pressure them,
force them or use emotional blackmail.
3. The "Robin Hood mentality" is immoral – This is one of the dilemmas of those who are just beginning their journey on Buddhism. Because
Buddhism promotes compassion and love, people think that stealing from those who are rich/evil and giving the stolen goods to the poor is a justified
act. It isn't. Buddhism promotes compassion, that is true, but it is compassion for all sentient beings, not just a few. The ultimate goal of Buddhism in
the societal level is to eliminate harm and suffering for all living beings, thus, it is imperative that no one should be harmed in any way.
Stealing is stealing no matter what the end is. Keep the second precept in mind when you find yourself in a situation where you are tempted to harm
others to alleviate the suffering of those who are at a disadvantage. There are other ways to help. Inflicting harm (first precept) and stealing (second
precept) should never be an

Importance Of Natural Law Theory
St Thomas Aquinas developed Natural Law theory from Aristotle and the Stoics in the 13th century. Natural Law is an absolutist and
deontological theory. To believe and use Natural Law theory, one has to believe in God because Natural Law believes there is one Natural Law
which has been issued by God. This means that what is wrong in one situation is wrong in ever situation and to determine what is right and wrong
we look at the action itself, not the consequences. There is emphasis on innate human reason to work out how you should be living. Natural law is
useful on issues where is the Bible is silent e.g. IVF.In order to use Natural Law correctly we need to identify what is known as the primary
precepts. These are the basis of the theory. We need to first agree that these are the main function of life. The primary precepts are the five purposes of
human life. The five primary precept are: (i) reproduction (ii) life – to live/ the supreme good (iii) education – makes people independent and fully
adult (iv) worshipping God and (v) law and order – upholds justice. These precepts are immutable; they cannot be changed. From the primary
precepts, secondary precept form. For example if we examine the principle of life and it is there to ensure that all actions which are life threatening
are in the moral law as wrong e.g. murder, abortion, euthanasia, suicide etc are all wrong because the involve going against the precept of
life.However, in reality it is not as easy as one action

Ethical Precept Definition
Standing by moral principles is tough when faced with adversity, but even more so when a conflict causes those moral principles to clash. Situations
have many factors to consider when making a moral decision and prioritizing which moral principle is most important to abide by in the given
situation. Although this can be tough because competing moral principles can be equally relevant to a situation, I have found that one ethical precept
has guided me in making difficult decision. When considering a moral conflict, I have abided by the rule of universality by asking myself "if
everyone did it, would it be a good thing?" This ethical precept, initially proposed by German philosopher Immanuel Kant, allows me to judge a
situation objectively by asking myself if everyone did the same thing as me would it result in a better world. This precept is something that I learned
from my mother, who has consistently made unselfish decisions throughout my entire life. When making tough decisions I have leaned on her wisdom
to decide what would I want... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
At the beginning of the divorce I was deeply hurt by my parents' actions and was tempted to take my mom's side in order to alleviate the stress I had
built up since following my parents' separation. I have a younger brother that looked to me for guidance and leadership in how to handle the tense
relationship between my parents. Although I had influence over my brother and strong feelings of loyalty to my mother, I decided to stay out of the
conflict between my parents. I did this because an older sibling should always do what is best long–term for their sibling, and I knew that if my
brother and I broke off our relationship with our father it would not be best long–term for my brother. Instead of making a rash and selfish decision, I
did what every big sister should do in times of conflict, protect the interests of my baby

The 5 Moral Precepts Of Buddhism
In class we defined the 5 moral precepts of Buddhism which consists of refraining from: harming living things, taking what is not given, sexual
misconduct, lying or gossiping, taking intoxicating substances (eg. drugs or drink). To harm a living thing is to be violent, to be violent is to act
with a lack self control. If you and a group of friends were hanging out and someone were to walk over and say offensive things to you and your
friends to act violent towards the other person would not be a great option, violence only begets more violence and a mass amount of violence
equals chaos and in a sense the Buddhist religion is about spreading peace and harmony amongst man. Taking what is not given effects your way of
living and the way others will perceive you. If you chose to take something which isn't yours, you are effectively breaking a bond with the other
person this disconnect doesn't help the idea of union in Buddhism. Sexual misconduct is based around the idea of self control around others of the
opposite sex, breaking the massive wall of intercourse with another person creating a strong bond between the two. If one were to misuse that bond,
the severing of it will harm the other person making a negative wave in their life and even in yours. Everything you chose to do with another person,
that's responsibility you are accepting to take upon. To maintain union one must be responsible with the way they act towards others. Lying and
gossiping tarnishes your character,

Evaluating The Precepts Of The Decalogue
In Scotus's ethical theory, how we should evaluate the precepts of the Decalogue is a very substantial issue. Those precepts, Scotus claims, do not have
the same feature from the standpoint of rational potency or revelation. We see in "Ordinatio III" that Scotus divided the Decalogue into two different
parts. While Aquinas claims all principles in the Decalogue belong to natural law in the strict sense (Aquinas 1947, 1009), Scotus, disagreeing with
Aquinas, maintains that only the first three principles in the Decalogue belong strictly to natural law, whereas other seven principles do not belong to
natural law. Therefore, we need God's assistance to figure them out exactly. He sums up his suggestion in Ordinatio III:
To put all we have ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Right actions are right, not because of their relationship to human flourishing but because God has freely commanded them (2003a, 338). On the other
hand, Ingham argues that there is the extremely delicate balance between reason and faith in Scotus's ethical perspective, since to lose one would result
in an over–emphasis upon the supernatural and to lose the other would result in moralism. The harmony between nature and grace, reason and faith
does not destroy the autonomy of an ethical theory, it simply places it within a context (1989, 254). The separation of the first and second table in
the Decalogue affects how we can comprehend the morally good, bad and obligation. To Hare, it is possible to make two claims together. Namely,
that we can know moral goodness by reason since it fulfills our nature, and, on the other hand, that what makes something obligatory is that God has
prescribed it to us as opposed to other fitting routes that God could also have prescribed. Whatever fulfils our nature and takes us towards our final
end is good, we might say, but only what God chooses from all these good things is obligatory (2007,

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Explain The Theory Of Natural Law