NEUROANATOMY

2. OBJECTIVES :
 EXPLAINTHE ORGANISATIONOF BRAIN
 DESCRIBETHE STRUCTUREAND
FUNCTIONS OF NEURONS.
 DISCUSS NEURALTRANSMISSIONAND
EFFECTS OF NEUROTRANSMITTERS.
 CLASSIFY NERVOUS SYSTEM
 ENUMERATETHE FUNCTIONS AND
DISORDERS RELAEDWITHTHE
STRUCTURES INTHE NERVOUS SYSTEM.

3. INTRODUCTION
 THE BRAIN ISTHE MOST COMPLEX
ORGAN INTHE HUMAN BODY.
 IT PRODUCESOUR EVERYTHOUGHT,
ACTION, MEMORY, FEELING AND
EXPERIENCE OFTHEWORLD.

4. -IS THE STUDY OF THE
STRUCTURE AND ORGANIZATION
OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM.

5. HISTORY
 FATHER OF MODERN
NEUROSCIENCE-
SANTIAGO RAMONY
CAJAL

6. • IN 1664,THOMASWILLIS COINEDTHETERM
NEUROLOGY.

7. APPROXIMATELY 1011 NEURONS
AND 1012 GLIAL CELLS
HUMAN NERVOUS SYSTEM BEGINS
TO APPEAR ABOUT 3RD WEEK OF
EMBRYONIC LIFE

8. -

9.  FUNCTION : SPECIALISEDTO
RECEIVE,PROCESS,ANDTRANSMIT
INFORMATIONTO OTHER CELLS

11. TYPES OF NEURONS

14.  INCREASED DOPAMINE- SCHIZOPHRENIA
 DECREASED DOPAMINE-PARKINSONISM
 DECREASED SEROTONIN-DEPRESSION
 DECREASED ACETYCHOLINE-MYASTHENIA
GRAVIS
 DECREASED NOREPINEPHRINE-ADHD

15. CNS PNS
SPINAL CORD BRAIN
SOMATIC NS AUTONOMIC NS
SYMPATHETIC PARASYMPATHETIC

16. BRAIN
 EXECUTIVE TOWER OF MIND AND
BEHAVIOUR
 3 PARTS
-THE FOREBRAIN
-THE MIDBRAIN
-THE HINDBRAIN

17. THALAMUS ( AWAY STATION)
FUNCTION: RECEIVING
 SENSORY INFORMATION
 CHANNELISING ITTO
APPROPRIATE APPROPRIATE
 PROCESSING CENTRES

18. HYPOTHALAMUS (REGULATOR
OF BIOLOGICAL NEEDS)
 FUNCTION:
 -REGULATIONOF BASIC
 B BIOLOGICAL NEEDS
 -REGULATIONOF ACTIVITIES INTHE
 EDOCRINEGLANDS
 -MAINTAINS HOMEOSTASIS

19.  FUNCTIONS
-HIPPOCAMPUS:GATEWAY OF MEMORY
-AMYGDALA :REGULATING FEAR,
ANGERAND AGGRESSION
-SEPTUM :PLEASURABLE EMOTIONS

20. BASAL GANGLIA
-PLAYS IMPORTANT ROLE INTHE
DELIBERATEANDVOLUNTARY CONTROL
OF MOVEMENTS

21. CORPUS CALLOSUM
FUNCTION:UNIFIED VISUAL FIELD

22.  LARGEST PART OF BRAIN
 CENTRE OF HIGHER MENTAL PROCESS
 COMPOSED OF TWO HEAVILY
WRINKLED HEMISPHERES

27.  FUNCTIONS-
 RECEIVES IMPRESSIONS FROM
DIFFERENT PARTS OFTHE BODYTHROUGH
ITS SENSORY NERVES
 TRANSMITSTHE MOTOR RESPONSES
ORIGINATING FROMTHE BRAINTOTHE
PERIPHERAL NERVE ENDINGS

28.  43 PAIRS OF NERVES
 OFTHESE 31 PAIRSARE SPINAL NEVES
 12 PAIRS ARE CRANIAL NEVES

32. *BALACHANDRAN M.PSYCHOLOGY
FOR NURSING STUDENTS
*K SEMBULINGAM.ESSENTIALS
OF MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY