Education in Pakistan , Flaws and solution in education system.

1. Education in Pakistan
Presented by:
Eman zafar
Amna basharat
Ayesha
Javeria saleem

2. Outline
▪ Education
▪ Education in Islam
▪ Education system
▪ Education system in Pakistan
▪ Problems
▪ Solutions
▪ Conclusion

3. What is education?
▪ Increase in :
- Stock of skills
- Knowledge
- Understanding possessed by individuals or society
▪ Delivery of Knowledge and skills from teachers to students.
▪ Education means knowledge, skills, critical thinking, values, problem
solving and creativity.

4. Education in Islam
▪ Pakistan, officially Islamic republic of Pakistan, was established on
the basis of Islamic ideology.
▪ Pakistani constitution establishes Islam as the state religion.
▪ Islam is a Pakistan's official religion.And has explicitly emphasised
the value of education.
▪ Islam has laid much stress on attaining education. In fact, the
first Quranic revelation about education in Islam was
▪ “ Read in the name of your Lord, who created: created man from a
clot of congealed blood. Read! And your Lord is the most merciful,
who has taught (the writing) by the pen, taught man about which
he knew not.” (AL-Alaq, 1-5)

5. Cont..
▪ According to another Quranic verse on education,
▪ “Can those who have the knowledge and those who do not know be
deemed equal?”(AZ-Zumar, 39:9)
▪ Importance of education in the light of Hadith:
▪ According to one hadees on education, the Holy Prophet (S.A.W.W) says
▪ “It is a necessity for every Muslim to seek knowledge”(AL-Tirmidhi, 74)
▪ In Islam, the best gift a parent can give to his child is good education.
According to a Hadith inTirmidhi
▪ “ A father gives his child nothing but a good education.”

6. Cont..
▪ Throughout the history of Islam, we get to see many practical events that have laid stress on the
importance of education.
▪ One prime example of such an incident occurred in the Ghazwa-e-Badr.After the Muslims stood
victorious, they captured 70 non-Muslims.
▪ The Prophet (S.A.W.W), emphasizing the importance of education in Islam, set criteria for the
release of these prisoners of war.
▪ The Prophet (S.A.W.W) stated that
▪ “Those Non-Muslims who a literate can be free if they can educate 10 Muslims.”
▪ We will conclude with a hadees of the Holy Prophet (S.A.W.W)
▪ “ God, His angels, and all those in the heavens and the Earth, including ants in
their hills and fish in the water, send down blessings on those who educate
others in beneficial knowledge.”(AL-Tirmidhi, 74)

7. Importance of education for a nation:
▪ For any country, the literacy rate determines its success.
▪ The more educated the people are, the more the country will
progress.
▪ Thus, a country needs to have an advanced education system that
provides quality education to its students and focuses on their well-
being. It is important because children are the future of a country.

8. What is an Education system?
▪ Includes
- Institutions involved in delivering formal education.
- bodies directly involved in financing, managing,
operating or regulating such institutions.
▪ Rules and regulations guiding individual and institutions interactions.
▪ An education system refers to the economic and social factors that typically
make up public schools at the federal, state or community levels.

9. Education system of Pakistan
▪ The PakistaniConstitution(25-A) has had point that all children between the ages
of 5 and 16 will have free and compulsory education and that adult literacy must be
improved.
▪ From the very beginning of Pakistan in 1947, we have always considered education
as the primary goal of our policies because only education can change the fortune
of our beloved country.
▪ Pakistan’s national education system comprises twelve years education spread
across four levels: primary (grades 1-5), middle school (grades 6-8), matriculation
(grades 9 and 10) and intermediate (grades 11 and 12). Many of the private schools
offer the Cambridge education system in conjunction with the nationally mandated
curriculum.
▪ The Broad Categories on education level are:
▪ School Education (Pre-primary – Class 12)
College Education (Degree Colleges Class 13-14)
University Education

10. Cont..
▪ The education system of Pakistan is comprised of 305,763 institutions
accommodating 51,835,089 students and 2,073,433 teachers.The system is
composed of 189,748 (62%) public institutions and 116,015 (38%) private
institutions, which also include 31,115 Deeni Madaris.
▪ Unfortunately, no one focused on the practical implementation of these
laws, and still, there are several low or middle-class families in Pakistan who
have no access to quality education due to the high tuition fees of private
institutions.
▪ The education section of the executive summary of the Economic Survey of
Pakistan 2021-22 notes: “Pakistan is committed to transform its education
system into a high-quality global-market demand-driven system in
accordance with Goal 4 of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).”
However, the reality is vastly different.

11. Literacy rate
▪ The current literacy rate of Pakistan is 62.8 which means that an
estimated population of 60 million is illiterate in the country. Keeping
in view this situation, the present government is a priority enhancing
the national literacy rate.
▪ Pakistan vows to raise the literacy rate in four years by
providing school access to approximately 22.8 million students and
improving the education system for all age groups through the
application of modern technological resources.
▪ Any gains in literacy rates over the last many years have been small,
slow and marginal.

13. Expenditure on education
▪ In 2021-22, we spent only 1.77% of GDP on education-related
expenditure at both the federal and provincial levels. Most UN
agencies recommend that the minimum expenditure on education
should be 4% of GDP.
▪ The usual argument given for lack of spending on education has
always been and still is that we do not have the resources.
▪ In the federal budget for 2022-23, the government has allocated Rs.
90.556 billion for Education Affairs and Services, a fall of roughly 1.5
percent from the revised estimate of Rs. 91.970 billion for the current
fiscal year.

15. UNESCO Research
▪ According to data from the World Economic Forum’sGlobal
Competitiveness Report 2017-18, the Global Competitiveness Index
(GCI) shows Pakistan’s slow performance being ranked 129th of the
137 countries.
▪ Acoording to 2020, Pakistan ranked 110th on the Global
competitiveness index.

16. Flaws in the education system of
Pakistan:
▪ In the Pakistani Education System, there are several flaws and issues that must be
addressed as soon as possible.
▪ 1. Theoretical (not Practical) Education:
This issue at the top because this is the biggest and actual problem due to which the Pakistani Education System is unable to
educate and equip the students with practical skills. On the contrary, the students only read books to pass exams.
Due to this issue, even degree holders don’t have any skills to utilize.
2. Outdated (20 years old Syllabus):
▪ We are teaching 20+ years old syllabus to our students which is just a joke with the education.
▪ How can we improve the education system in Pakistan with the old-age syllabus?We can’t
compete with the modern world of Education with this quality.
▪ We need to come up with fresh and latest knowledge which can be compared to the foreign
updated syllabus to overcome the challenges of quality education in Pakistan.We teach students
the history of the computer (same for other

17. 3. No Unity (Different Curriculum/Syllabus):
• In Pakistan, there are different curricula followed by different educational systems. First of all, it is
very unfortunate that in one country there are several educational systems that exist just based on
financial differences.
• We have a National Educational System which includes matriculation and intermediate while the other is the
British Educational System which includes O level and A level.
• Because of these educational differences, disparities are created in the minds of students at a very young
age.
• Further, in the National Educational System, we have Urdu Medium and English Medium which divides the
students, then we have govt. and private sectors which also follows different syllabus and textbooks.
• The same case with all the provinces as well. One province has one syllabus while others have another.
• This is a very big issue in the educational system of Pakistan. Govt. of Pakistan needs to address this issue
with a policy to unite all of them .
4. Inadequate Planning:
Pakistan is a participant to the MDGs and EFA targets. However, it appears that it will be unable to meet these
international obligations due to financial management challenges and impediments to achieving its targets.

18. 5.Education Become a Profitable Business:
• Education is considered a profitable business in Pakistan. Day by day, new institutes are opening not to provide
quality education but to benefit from the lack of schools by govt. and earn a huge amount by charging very high fees.
• The perceptions of the students and their parents are not much different as well.They are taught to study and pass
exams to get a degree and then offered a job to earn money.
6. Rattalization (Cramming):
• Students are taught to do “Ratta” of the questions and answer without any concept and just paste that Ratta in the
paper to pass the exam.
Drawbacks of the Education System in Pakistan (Disadvantages):
We discussed the flaws in the Educational System of Pakistan, and now we are listing the drawbacks of the Education
System in Pakistan that is caused by those flaws and issues.
1. Child out of School:
• It is estimated that presently more than 55 million age 10 Pakistanis are unable to read and write and there are 7
million children of age 5 to 9 years who are out of school.
• The more worst part is that in rural areas, more than 52% of girls are not enrolled in school.This is not enough, you
know 67% of women as well are illiterate.
• These statistics are growing every year which affects every out country from every aspect whether it is political
instability or less economic growth.

19. 2.Child Labor:
Because of the worst education system in Pakistan, parents don’t enroll their children in school, instead, they make
them earn money at a very young age in hotels/local shops, etc,.
Reasons why Parents don’t Enroll Child in School:
• Poverty (They want their child to earn two times food for them).
• No Quality Education (Child learns nothing in years)
• Graduates are unemployed.
3. No Respect for Degrees:
• Best was the time when there was big respect for degree holders. Now very few of them achieve that respect
otherwise the most non-respectful people in society these days are unemployed degree holders.
• Because they don’t know the local and basic skills and also learn nothing in graduation which makes them
dependent on the job. If a job isn’t provided he/she becomes a burden on society.
5. No Major Invention/Exploration:
Due to the flaws in the education system of Pakistan, and the low quality of education students are unable to explore
something new and invent something for the betterment of society because they followed only camming(Ratta) and
there was no real concept taught to them.

20. Suggestion for Improving Education
system in Pakistan
▪ 1. Free Education: As stated in article 25-A, every citizen of Pakistan should be given free education.
▪ 2. Scholarships: Govt. should provide scholarships for higher education.
▪ 3. Focus on the Parents:Why do I say this? because often and especially when it comes to girls, parents are the
biggest obstacle to achieving an education. So, what do we do? we mobilize parents.
▪ 4. Practical Education:There should be an educational emergency to prioritize Practical studies over theory.
Right from the school level, practical work should be made compulsory.
▪ 5. Career Counseling: It should be compulsory in every school in govt. as well as the private sector.
▪ 6. Remove Ratta System: Govt. should come up with a new system to remove the cramming (Ratta) system.
▪ 7.TeachersTraining:Teachers should be given proper training before allowing them to teach.
▪ 8. Standard Syllabus: One syllabus should be made for country-wide schools to avoid disparities.

21. 9.Proper Planning:The government and Private both should sit together and draft a master plan for the
right education and then the government should follow this plan sincerely.
10.Unity: Governments must develop partnerships with communities, NGOs, and the private sector to
delegate responsibility effectively in order to achieve universal primary education.
11. Political Influence:There should be no political influence in the syllabus as nowadays, every govt. just put
their leader’s praise and history in books.
12.TechnicalTraining Centers: Make the vocational and technical training centers more efficient so that
skilled youth could be produced.
13.Policy Planners: Special Policy planning units should be established in provinces.
14. Freelancing: Students must be taught the modern age digital skills and how to utilize them through
freelancing on the internet. Pakistan is on 4th number in freelancing in the whole world. If Pakistani students
can reach this level without any proper guidance, Imagine, If they will be given a proper training to do online
freelancing and other businesses, they can be on 1st very soon and the economy will be boosted. Govt. must
think over it.

22. Conclusion
▪ The reforms required in the education system of Pakistan cannot be
done by the government alone, as a citizen of Pakistan, we are also
responsible to help the govt. in improving the Education system in
Pakistan. Only then, we will be able to pull out our beloved country
from illiteracy.
▪ Similarly, vocational and technical training should be paid attention
to make skilled youth an asset to Pakistan.