About important medicinal plant their use and economic part

1. Processing and Value Addition
College of Forestry,
Birsa Agricultural University

2. Medicinal plant
• Medicinal plant are those plants rich in
secondary metabolites and are potential
sources of drug.
• These secondary metabolites includes
alkaloids, glycosides, coumarins, flavonoides,
steroids etc.

3. Medicinal yam
• Dioscorea floribunda
• Family- Dioscoreaceae
• Diosgening obtained from tubers is the major
base materials for several steroid hormone

4. SARPAGANDHA
• Rauvolfia serpentina
• Apocynaceae
• Rauvolfia root or Serpentine root is one of the
important crude drugs used in modern medicine.
• The root bark, which constitutes 40-60% of the
whole root, is rich in alkaloids known for their
efficacy in reducing high blood pressure and as a
sedative or tranquilizing agent.
• Reserpine is the compound / active principle used
for hypertension as a life saving drug in
allopathic system of medicine

5. PERIWINKLE
• Catharanthus roseus
• Apocynaceae
• Alkaloid present in roots which have
hypertensive properties
• Leaves contain vinblastine and vincristine
anticancerous property

6. Aloe vera
• Family- Liaceae
• Aloe is obtained by cutting the leaves at their base
and letting the yellow, bitter juice drain out.
• When freshly obtained, the gel has the property of
relieving thermal burns and sunburn, as well as
promoting wound healing; it also has moisturizing
and emollient (having the quality of softening
or soothing the skin) properties.

7. GUGGAL
• Commiphora wightii
• Part Used: Olio gum resin (any natural or synthetic
organic compound consisting of a noncrystalline or
viscous liquid substance)
• Properties & Uses
anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, liver tonic, cough,
asthma, bronchitis, pectoral and hepatic, disorders,
fever, cardiac disorders, anemia, diabetes, skin diseases
etc.

8. Guggal

9. SENNA
• Cassia angustifolia
• Family- leguminosae
• The leaves and pods contain Sennosides used
for their laxative and purgatives (Prevent
constipation) properties.

10. BELLADONNA
• Atropa belladonna
• Solanaceae
• The commercial drug is obtained from the leaves,
flowering tops and roots of A. belladonna.
• The drug serves as an anodyne (Pain killing),
sedative(a drug or medicine that makes you feel
calm or want to sleep), stimulant, antidiuretic
(that helps to control fluid balance in an animal's
body), antiasthmatic, anti-inflammatory.

11. OCIMUM
• Ocimum sanctum
• Lamiaceae
• Tulsi
• Leaves is economic part
• anticancer properties

12. STEVIA
• Stevia rebaudiana
• Asteraceae
• Stevia is a subtropical perennial that produces
sweet steviol glycosides in the leaves for
which it also known as ‘Cheeni Tulsi’ or ‘Mou
Tulsi’.
• Its medicinal uses include regulating blood
sugar, preventing hypertension, treatment of
skin disorders, and prevention of tooth decay.

13. ISUBGOL
• Plantago ovata
• Plantaginaceae
• Isubgol or Psyllium (Plantago ovata)is
important for its seed and husk which
have been used in-the indigenous medicine
for many countries.
• It has the property of absorbing and retaining
water (40-90%) and therefore it works as an
anti-diarrhoea drug.

14. Aswagandha
• Withania somnifera
• Solanaceae
• commonly known as ‘winter cherry’ and Indian
Ginseng
• Economic part- Leaves, dried roots,
• Use- Bronchitis, Ulcers, Rheumatism, Dyspepsia
etc.

15. Giloe
• Tinospora cordifolia
• Guduchi
• Plant part used - Stem