D-Day Script

D-Day Script
Once you have 100 notecards, then you may begin to write a script. 1 page of script (font size 12) =
1–2 minutes of video D–Day 1944 "The eyes of the world are upon you. The hopes and prayers of
liberty–loving people everywhere march with you."–Dwight D. Eisenhower "To us, is given the
honor of striking a blow for freedom which will live in history; and in the better days that lie ahead,
men will speak with pride of our doings."– Brenard Montgomery In 1939, a second world war
begun. Then the Nazis were trying to invade Europe. Britian started fighting the Nazis. The
Japaneese were also fighting in Asia, but on the Nazi's side. In 1941, they bombed Pearl Harbor and
the U.S entered the war. In 1943, a year before D–Day, the Nazis controlled ... Show more content
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They were supposed to seize roads and bridges that led the the major cities they were supposed to
capture. The British and Canadians were supposed to capture Caen, and the Americans Cherbourg.
They were to meet up with troops that landed on the beaches.But it was very foggy and winds were
strong which was not ideal at all, and paratroopers were dropped separately. The planes were
supposed to fly in a V formation but lost each other because of the weather. Since no one was
together, the Germans couldn't tell how many allies landed and thought it wasn't going to be a major
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

The Attack Of D-Day: The Battle Of Normandy
The Attack of D–Day
Introduction
The United States has been involved in many wars throughout its history. However, World War II
was by far the most horrific war the United States has been a part of, and the battle of Normandy is
one of the most strategically thought out battles of all time. (Hine, 11) The battle of Normandy
started June of 1944 and ended August of 1944. The most important day of the battle of Normandy
is the first day, which was called D–Day or Operation Overlord. The plans and tricks leading up to
the battle were thoroughly thought out, and lives lost, and the victory made this battle one of the
most intense and important battles of World War II (History.com Staff).
The Beginning After World War II started in 1940, Germany took control of northwestern ... Show
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Starting from the time the United States joined in the fight in 1941, the war took a huge turn. The
beginning of the war looked hopeless until then. Britain needed a team player, and when the United
States joined the war, that is just what they got (History.com Staff).
All in all D–day was an amazing and well thought out battle plan. When the Allies elected General
Dwight D. Eisenhower as their commander and main planner of Operation Overlord, things started
looking brighter for the Allies. They knew that Eisenhower was a wise man, and trusted in his plan.
Eisenhower knew this would be a daunting task, however, and did the best he could with the time
and supplies he had (D'Este, 491). The plan was thought out, thorough, and effective. It led to an
Allie victory over Germany and Hitler.
Even though many lives were lost, the war and battle of D–day was a success for the Allied forces.
They liberated Paris, and defeated the German Nazis due to their plans, tricks and deceptions. World
War II was the most devastating international conflict in history, claiming millions of lives
(History.com

The Pros And Cons Of Asylum Migration
1.1 Introduction Despite the United Kingdom's long history of accepting settlers from other lands,
today, more than at any other time the subject of asylum seekers, refugees and migrants is at the
fore–front of public consciousness. Feelings run high as this emotive subject proves to be a thorny
political issue with its own set of discourses. History has shown that –`asylum migration creates
conflict within developed countries between natives and asylum seekers and it creates conflict
between neighbouring developed countries with one trying to pass the burden of migration to the
other` (Neumayer, n.d, p.2) Regardless of the foreboding back–drop of this discourse, many people
are still making the often hazardous journey away from their homelands ... Show more content on
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I had learned early on that what I am told by asylum seekers may well be untrue – in all parts, some
parts, or perhaps just one area. I managed this knowledge on different levels; I was paid to care for
those that the social services deemed to be young people in need, and this was my first and principal
role, regardless of my opinion or feelings about who they were or said they were. They are first and
foremost young people in need of assistance. On another level, I accepted that the lies were not
personal but about their need to achieve their understandable aims and the lies may well have been
formulated long before I ever met them. I also had awareness of, and accepted that stories needed to
be shaped to fit the stringent asylum requirements, and therefore it would be highly likely that there
would be some lie or lies somewhere in their narrative; I have often been told by young people after
having built relationships with them that this is indeed the case and that they had lied for this reason.
This is the third lie, the lie to the Home

Mi5's Double Cross System Analysis
During the course of the Second World War the Allied and Axis power engaged in a war of
espionage, that cemented the need for counter Intelligence and espionage units in a country's
arsenal. Due largely to the effectiveness of MI5's Double Cross System in its deception of the
Abwehr (German Intelligence Agency during World War 2) and the successful nature of operation
fortitude. As well as German Spymaster Admiral Wilhelm Carnaris' disbelief in Hitler's Ideologies,
the British had a victorious outcome in the intelligence war.
In the battle for supremacy effective counter espionage played a larger role in the Britain's success.
MI5's counter espionage units created the Double Cross System; a program that deceived the
German intelligence during ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Operation Fortitude was the principle deception campaign intended to persuade the enemy that the
expected allied invasion of France would occur at Pas de Calais. A secondary objective was to
convey the impression that the landings in Normandy were merely a divisionary feint, which could
be safely ignored. The task of supplying this information rested with Juan Pujol (agent Garbo) who
was highly regarded by Abwehr (MI5 History, 2016). Operation fortitude became a textbook
example of how strategic deception should be conducted and captured documents demonstrated that
the enemy was duped not just about the date and place of the main allied offensive but even
accepted that an entirely fictional army The First US Army Group (FUSAG) had assembled in south
east England in anticipation of crossing the channel from dover. (BBC History, 2011). Sharma
(2015, p.95) corroborates this by writing "Operation fortitudes focal point for the false invasion
would take place on Pas de Calais and after D–day the FUSAG would strike there. Garbo sent
information in the troops building up and reported that it looked as if the regiments stationed there
were gearing for an assault. The Germans accepted the claim as accurate. It deceived them so
completely that through July and

The War On Britain 's Part, And The English
116 Years ' War." The war starts off with several stunning successes on Britain 's part, and the
English forces dominate France for decades. Then, the struggle see–saws back and forth. In the
1360s, the French are winning. From 1415–1422, the English are winning. After 1415, King Henry
V of England revives the campaign and he conquers large portions of France, winning extraordinary
political concessions. From 1422 onward, however, the French crown strikes back. The teenage girl
Jeanne d 'Arc (Joan of Arc), a remarkable young mystic, leads the French troops to reclaim their
lands. Here 's the brief outline of events, with major battles put in bold red color: (1337–1360) King
Edward the III of England, provoked by French attacks on lands he owns in France, decides upon a
desparate gamble. He declares himself King of France, arguing that he can legally claim the French
throne through line of descent via his mother, Isabella of France. In the French Salic law, possession
and property can only be inherited through the paternal line. This means that only males descended
from the sons on the king 's side of the family can inherit the throne, land, or titles. However, under
English law, possession and property can also descend to male children through the maternal
bloodline. This means that males descended from the king 's sons OR male children descended from
the king 's daughters have a claim to the throne. All that matters in English law is that the "the blood
of kings" runs in

Vimy Ridge Research Paper
The assault on Vimy Ridge, the northern part of the wider battle of Arras, began at 5:30 am on
Monday, April 9, 1917, It was the first occasion on which all four divisions of the Canadian Corps
attacked as a composite formation. Canadian troops were moved from there quiet sector to a allied
line in front of the city of ypres, this was where british troops and allied forces pushed into the
german line in a concave bend and this was the first time the chemical gas was used as a weapon
and the number of casualties were 6,035 and 2000 dead The Battle of Verdun was fought from 21
February – 18 December, during the First World War on the Western front between the German and
French armies, on hills north of verdun–sur–Meuse in north–eastern France. ... Show more content
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Launched on 31 July 1917, the British & Canadian offensive in Flanders had aimed to drive the
Germans away from the essential Channel Ports and to eliminate U–Boat bases on the coast. But
unceasing rain and shellfire reduced the battlefield to a vast bog of bodies, water–filled shell craters,
and mud in which the attack ground to a halt. The Battle of Vimy Ridge was a military engagement
fought primarily as part of the Battle of Arras, in the Nord–Pas–de–Calais region of France during
the First World War and the weapons they used were anti aircraft guns, tanks, guns and melee
combat was used in vimy ridge and the rest of the war. Launched on 31 July 1917, the British &
Canadian offensive in Flanders had aimed to drive the Germans away from the essential Channel
Ports and to eliminate U–Boat bases on the coast. But unceasing rain and shellfire reduced the
battlefield to a vast bog of bodies, water–filled shell craters, and mud in which the attack ground to a

The Battle Of Poitiers During The Hundred Year War
The next major battle that occurred during the Hundred Year War was the Battle of Poitiers. The
Battle of Poitiers was a battle that occurred after a six year break from war, warfare broke out again
as Edward III's son, Edward the Black Prince had attacked France in 1356. The French had a line of
defense, however Edward was able to break through the defenses and attacked the French head on.
The current king of France was King John II. Edward the Black Prince was able to cause a
disastrous battle in France and the result of the battle was that Edward the Black Prince was able to
capture King John II (Jean II) as well as almost 2,000 aristocracy members of France. Edward the
Black Prince wanted a ransom. France was at a loss without their king and did not know what to do
so they signed the Treaty of Bretigny in 1360 that states that they would cede a large amount of
northern territory and the shoreline to England. In exchange for this deal, Edward the Black Prince
was required to give up his claim to the throne. After the loss of the two great generals of England,
Edward III and Edward the Black Prince, the French regained control of most parts of France and in
1389 the two sides signed a true as well as extended the treaty in 1396 for 28 years. In 1964, The
Battle of Auray was the battle where the English forces under John Chandos besieged Auray and the
leader of the French army, Bertrand du Guesclin, was captured. During this time, the French King
known as King Jean II died

Operation Overlord Essays
Operation Overlord On June 6, 1944 the largest amphibious assault in history took place. On the
morning of the Invasion of Normandy, beaches in the area of Cotentin, France, were bombarded
with over 5,000 tons of bombs, destroying German defenses and de–mining many areas. Following
the bombardment over 100,000 soldiers swam ashore, and 11,700 paratroopers were dropped to
secure Normandy Beach. After two months of battle, Allied troops marched into Normandy on
August 24th, 1944. The Invasion of Normandy not only was the turning point of the World War II,
but also directly led to the liberation of Western Europe from the Nazi regime. Deception of the
Germans was an important factor in the preparations for D–Day. Although the actual attack ... Show
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This work practically destroyed the French transportation system, removing the Germans ability to
send reinforcements for the attack. The night before D–Day, three airborne units, the 101st and 82nd
American Airborne Divisions and the 6th British Airborne Division were meant to be deployed to
areas south of the beach. Their mission was to clear the way for the troops by eliminating various
obstacles. However, due to the weather the mission was not fully successful. The 82nd, to be
dropped near the town of Sainte–Mère–Eglise, were scattered throughout the countryside. The
101st's mission was to drop south of Utah Beach to secure roads and bridges at Carentan.
Unfortunately, many of the paratroopers were dropped into the water and drowned. However, the
troops were able to regroup to complete most of their objectives, thanks to the efforts of the French
Resistance. Because the Resistance had cut phone lines, the German chain of command was
disrupted, and they could not get a firm hold on the battle. At 7:00 am, the time appointed as H–
Hour, the amphibious invasion began. The bombardment was to end and the invasions begin at the
same time. The bombers finished on time, but the landing equipment ran late, giving the Germans a
little bit of time to prepare for the invasion. Juno beach was invaded by the Canadian 3rd Infantry
and their success there is a matter of great Canadian national pride.

Battle Analysis Essay: The Battle Of Agincourt
Battle Analysis Paper The Battle of Agincourt, waged by Henry V, king of England, against Charles
VI, king of France, was England's way of asserting Henry V's right to the French Throne.
Negotiations for marriage with Charles' IV daughter, which would have made a son of the union heir
to both thrones, had stalled. Furthermore, England was hampered on many fronts by French
interference and incursions. Diplomacy failed. Combat did not. England's resounding victory against
vastly superior numbers decimated the French nobility, and won Henry V the French Princess to
wife and the French crown. The English success resolved the issue of France interfering in English
affairs and confirmed the English as a force to be reckoned with. History The Battle of Agincourt
marks the beginning of the Lancastrian Phase of The Hundred Years' War, was comprised of a series
of battles between England and France to determine who would control France. The Hundred Years'
War is divided into three parts, and the Lancastrian Phase is the middle phase. The Battle of
Agincourt, waged by Henry V, king of England, against Charles VI, king of France, to assert his
right to the French Throne. Henry claimed his right to the French throne through his grandfather,
Edward III. Fig.1 ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Franco–Scot alliance had the general effect of further checking English power to the advantage
of both. (13) Additionally, the treaty granted protection by the Scots to French piracy along the
English coast. The French justified their actions by claiming that the English were pirating in the
English Channel. And so, Henry V, having gained battle experience from success in his war with
Wales, as well as the backing of the Grand Council, turned his attention to dealing with the French
and claiming his right to the French

Significance Of Double Cross
Double Cross was a group of spies that made it possible for the D–Day Invasion not to be a suicide
mission. Some individuals who were in Double Cross and who took part in the story go by their
nicknames, which were Bronx, Brutus, Treasure, Tricycle and Garbo. They were important enough
to be written about because they were the group of spies who fooled the Germans into believing the
D–Day Invasion would happen in Calais. This would make it possible that the allied forces would
be able to go to Normandy and meet a little bit of resistance. Without Double Cross deceiving the
Germans, We wouldn't be able to take out the Nazis. Some major experiences that happen in the
story were when little by little the spies were feeding false information to the germans so that they
can believe that the attack was going to happen in Calais. Also, when the french women that thought
her dog was very important that she almost messed up the whole operation. Another major
experience was when Eisenhower said that he needed the mighty 15th army in Calais for at least 24
hours in order to attack. In total, the spies were able to keep a large mass of the German army in
Calais for a few weeks after D–Day. MI6 is the Secret Intelligence Service for the British
government. According to someone who was working in MI6, it was the most successful deception
operation in history. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
They were just fish who got the bait. When the D–Day invasion finished, Germans were struggling
to put their forces back in shape and be able to battle. This meant that it was the opportunity that the
allies needed in order to continue. The last major experience was when the french women thought
that her dog was more important than the operation, which made no

Reflection Paper On Final Thinking
Coming into this course, I really did not know what to expect. It was second class on my first day of
classes at college. I was not sure what exactly we would do and learn in class. The first thing we
talked about in this course was what kind of class do we want it to be. We gave a lot of topics to the
professor, but the one that stuck to me was the word creative. Professor Cathey told us to use our
creativity for every assignment and every discussion we will ever have in this class. The word
creative stuck to me ever since this day as I am writing to you after all the assignments and
discussions we had for this course. In my opinion, I feel like I accomplished this goal and learn even
more about myself. My final poster for this course went very well in my opinion. I tried very hard to
come up with a question that fits me and can relate to others. Some things that worked for me was
actually coming up with a question. My question, "Why are new members joining fraternities
knowing hazing still occurs," was pretty tough to come up with because I had a lot of trouble
pinpointing on one question for the subject of hazing. I believe the thing that worked for me was
coming up with the lenses for this questions. There is a lot of information for hazing from many
different viewpoints, so it was simple to find out details for each lense. However, during this project
I find out some particular things that did not work out quite well. Trying to talk about the
background and the

Representations Of The Human Figure: Rodin And Pablo Picassco
Representations of the Figure Representing the human figure was portrayed differently depending
on who is constructing them. Artists would either carve or paint figures to express emotional,
psychological and even social meanings. Artists such as Auguste Rodin, who constructed bronze
sculpture of figures, had a much different approach than Pablo Picassco who painted figures. In
Rodin's Burghers of Calais was a bronze sculpture of figures. The 6 figures in this sculpture express
social, psychological and also emotional meaning. Socially, this statue was an indirect memorial to
French losses in the Franco–Prussian War. The men sacrificed themselves so people could survive
bravery. Rodin studied each figure individually and put them together

Nazi Germany's Invasion Of Normandy Beaches
Nazi Germany had captured France earlier in the war and controlled almost all parts of Europe. The
Allies wanted to free France from German rule and end the war by taking Normandy, France. They
learned their mistakes from the Dieppe Raid–after years of building up supplies and training troops
they were ready to liberate France from Nazi German power. Europe launched a full scale invasion
called D–Day/Operation Overlord on June 6th, 1944 at 6:30 am, in Normandy France. There were
air assault landing of troops, amphibious landing of troops and armoured divisions. Canadian,
American and British soldiers crossed the English Channel and invaded Normandy beaches at five
different points facing many strong German defences. 15 000 Canadian troops

DDay June 6 1944 Essay
DDay June 6 1944 On D–Day, June 6, 1944, Allied armies landed in Normandy on the northwestern
coast of France (Omaha Beach), possibly the most critical event of World War II took place; the
outcome of this invasion would determine the fate of Europe. If the invasion failed, the United
States, being out of resources, might turn its full attention to the enemy in the Pacific, Japan, leaving
Britain alone, with most of its resources during the invasion. That would enable Nazi Germany to
concentrate all its strength against the Soviet Union. By the time the U.S. came back Europe,
Germany would rule the entire continent. Although fewer Allied ground troops went ashore on D–
Day than on the first day of the earlier invasion of Sicily, the ... Show more content on
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An important point to the deception was Ultra, code name for intelligence obtained from intercepts
of German radio traffic. This was made possible by the British early in the war having broken the
code of the standard German radio enciphering machine, the Enigma. Through Ultra, the Allied high
command knew what the Germans expected the Allies to do, and thus could plant information either
to reinforce an existing false view or to feed information through German agents, most of it false but
enough of it was true, thus sometimes involving sacrifice of Allied troops, agents or resistance
forces in occupied countries, to maintain the credibility of the German agents. Six days before the
targeted date of June 5, troops boarded ships, transports, and aircraft all along the southern and
southwestern coasts of England. All was ready for one of history's most dramatic and momentous
events. Dummy troops, false radio traffic, dummy landing craft in the bay of the Thames River,
huge but unoccupied camps, dummy tanks–all contributed to the deception. Although the Allied
commanders could not know it until their troops were ashore, their deception had been remarkably
successful. As time for the invasion neared, the German's focus of the deception had

The D-Day Assault Essays
The D–Day Assault On the side of D–Day being significant, my own knowledge comes into play. I
know full well that a lot of planning and preparation went into the D–Day assault. To begin with:
The deceptions at Dover, where the allies put in fake airfields and landing craft and made a complete
mock army in the surrounding areas tricked the German reconnaissance aircraft into thinking that an
invasion force was being assembled for an attack at Calais. This belief was made stronger by the
radio ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
After the initial landings a temporary port was set up at the seaside town of Arromanches called the
Mulberry Harbour 'B'. The Americans also has a Mulberry Harbour this one on Omaha beach,
Mulberry Harbour 'A', however their port was severely damaged due to a storm that raged and made
the harbour unusable. The Mulberry Harbours were big, hollow concrete blocks and big metal piers
floated over the channel and put in place to create the worlds busiest port for a couple of months,
they were only designed to last the war but the remnants can still be seen around the coast. These
harbours brought ashore the equipment and manpower that was vital in the new front. Also the
defeat of German gun batteries that could have destroyed ships and landing craft out to 17 miles of
sea were another crucial set of objectives that if not accomplished might have hindered the invasion.
There were numerous gun batteries, there were some in particular: · Point du hoc – this was a
German gun battery on top of a cliff giving brilliant sighing of ships. Before the invasion took place
it was bombed by the air force and shelled by the navy so that the Germans would not sink many
ships before they got to shore and cause many allied casualties. · Longues Sur Mer – this battery
was used to destroy ships and landing craft before they got

The Battle Of Omaha Beach Essay
On June 6th 1944, the U.S. and allied forces executed an amphibious assault named Operation
Neptune, commonly known as D–Day, along the north–western coastline region of France. The
operation covered in this paper will discuss a key battle during the Invasion of Normandy. The
Invasion of Normandy was a successful operation focused towards German–occupied Western
Europe during World War II. This paper will also cover a brief history and key points of The Battle
of Omaha Beach. Critical reasoning and battle analysis will be expressed through what intelligence
assets were applied, utilized and available during the time era. The analysis outcome will lead to an
expressed alternative ending on The Battle of Omaha Beach. A detailed explanation of how
intelligence assets could have been used to change the course of the battle will defend the explained
alternative ending discussed. The main points of discussion will include Adolf Hitler's decision to
move most of his tank divisions and infantry units 150 miles north to Calais, the significance of the
highly effective group known as the French Resistance and a famous illusionist Jasper Maskelyne.
The Battle of Omaha Beach was known as one of the deadliest battles to date within our history.
Shortly after the United States entered World War II in 1941, U.S. and allied mission planning began
two years prior to the battle of Omaha Beach and the Invasion of Normandy. The intent of the
operation was to overthrow Nazi occupied Germany

The D-Day Invasion: The Real Normandy Invasion
"Put that cigarette out!" A general was heard yelling at his soldiers who were hammering and
swearing as they build their camp. From the air, reconnaissance planes fly over the countryside to
spy on Ally units spotting tanks, trucks, and tent cities. Radio transmissions intercepted by the
German Intelligence Service, Abwehr, confirm the soldiers are preparing for an invasion....except
they actually aren't. There are no generals, soldiers, tanks, or trucks. Instead there are only fake
audio recordings, visual deceptions, and scripted radio transmissions. This was an elaborate ruse
conjured up by the Allies to trick the Germans of their positions, man power, and points of attack
during World War II. Using multiple forms of deceit, these ghost armies of the British, the First US
Army Group (FUSAG), and the Americans, the 23rd Headquarters Special Troops, appeared real ...
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To distract from the real Normandy invasion, the Allies placed ghost armies to threaten both Norway
and the Pas de Calais. The army placed in Calais was made up of real units along with fictional
divisions and corps to create the impression that their army was 70% bigger than it really was. Using
their visual, radio, and sonic deceptions, the Allies successfully fooled Hitler into beefing up his
troops in Calais by pulling troops that were on their way to Normandy. The few soldiers defending
Normandy were torn apart, allowing the Allies in France to establish a new major front. A
nonexistent army pulled off the most incredible military victory by fooling Hitler into thinking it
was a credible threat. These Ghost Armies accomplished a different type of military operation that
didn't require brute force and killings, but rather used imagination, deception, and collaboration
which allowed the Allies to impose their will and thwart the enemy's plans. This creativity was at the
core of their

Joan Of Arc Causes
The France and England have been battling at war from the beginning of time. When Charles IV of
France dies leaving only daughters. His sister Isabella of France who was also the the wife of the
King of England. She claimed the French throne for her son Edward III of England because he is the
closest male relative. However the french nobles favoured Philip VI because they didn't want a
foreign king. The One Hundred Years War started in 1337 to 1453 and had many Kings during that
time period. England was winning most of the war but because of the help Joan Of Arc France came
back into the war. She gave France life and without her they would have lost the war and England
would have took over France. At the beginning of the war England was dominating ... Show more
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At the age of thirteen she says she started having visions of God and other important figures telling
her to fight the war. She went to the King at the job and told him about her visions. France was
losing the war and their back was up against the wall so they figured she couldn't hurt anything. She
served in the army dress up as a man and gave a lot of advice to the king. She came up with the plan
to take back Orleans. After they took back Orleans she marched to Reims with Charles VII the King
Of France. The War was pretty much over after that both sides was done fighting at the time because
they couldn't loss anymore troops. A few years later the war resumed but didn't last long until France
came out on top. During the end Joan of Arc was captured by Burgundy and offered back to France
for a ransom but they said no. She was a prisoner of war until England got her and burned her to
death for being a witch. Without Joan the war would have ended sooner with England winning but
because of her she gave the France life. She hyped them up and got them into the war and gave great
advice to take back cities like Orleans and

Asylum Seekers And Refugees
Chapter .1 Britain will not become a "safe haven" for migrants in Calais, David Cameron has
warned, after hundreds continued their attempts to reach the UK. (BBC News, 2015) Introduction
Today, despite the United Kingdom's long history of migration and settlers from other lands, more
so then at any other time the subject of asylum seekers, refugees and migrants is in the fore front of
the public consciousness. Feelings run high as this emotive subject proves to be a tricky political
issue and brings with its own set of discourses. History has shown us that `asylum migration creates
conflict within developed countries between natives and asylum seekers and it creates conflict
between neighbouring developed countries with one trying to pass ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
These expectations were far from the reality and sometimes were very unrealistic. I explored where
these ideas orientated from; they told me that it was from people already in the UK and that is why
they knew it to be true. When I returned to England I spoke about this to some asylum seeking
young people whom I knew, wanting to gain their perspectives, and they were all of a similar view
of to those in Calais, which was that people displaced elsewhere needed to be protected from the
truth and reality of their situation. One young man said to me ` How can we give them no hope, they
are living in the mud, they can't go home, so we tell them that everything is wonderful so that they
will feel better and have hope for themselves.` (Tedros M. refugee aged 17) This was the second lie.
The lie to each

Hundred Years War Research Paper
Imagine 55 battles with 3.5 million losses lasting 116 years. This is the story behind the Hundred
Years' War, an extensive struggle between England and France over succession to the French throne
between 1337 and 1453. The war commences firstly with a conflict over the status of the duchy of
Guyenne which belonged to England yet it was a fief of the French crown. Secondly, the closest
relatives of the last direct Capetian King Charles IV had claimed the crown of France which was to
be challenged. The French Kings had possessed the financial and military resources of the most
populated and influential state in Western Europe. This resulted into several victories over larger
French forces. The first major engagement of the Hundred Years' War was the Battle of Crécy.
Edward III landed in Normandy in the year 1346. He decided to stop near Crecy in Normandy and
to prepare for battle the next day. However, the French frontline made contact and started to attack
without a set plan. The French made several attacks and the English checked each one in turn,
mostly because of the English longbowmen. This led to a decisive victory for England. In 1360,
King John of France was required to accept the Treaty of Calais in order to ... Show more content on
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After over 80 years of warfare the French finally gained the upper hand with the decisive victory at
Orleans. During this period, Charles of France allows Joan of Arc to lead a force. A month later,
Joan of Arc attacks the English in unison with a force from Orleans, driving the English from their
positions. The next day they abandon the siege. The military advantage goes to the French. The
siege of Orleans was lifted in 1429, allowing Paris and the lle–de–France to be liberated between
1436–1441. The French army had been reorganized. Charles of France recaptures the duchy of
Normandy in the Battle of Formigny in 1450. His army seizes Guyenne in the Battle of Castillon in

The Spanish Armada Of King Philip II
In 1588, King Philip II of Spain sent a fleet of one hundred and thirty ships to her majesty Elizabeth
I's England to ultimately eradicate Protestantism. His country, Spain, was fully Catholic, so being
Protestant would have been considered an act of high treason. Already provoked by England's their
religious intent, he was pushed over the edge when they started pirating ships from the Spanish
Netherlands (currently the Netherlands, formerly ruled by Spain) for goods. He sent over a mighty
fleet commanded by Admiral Marquis of Santa Cruz and the Duke of Medina Sidonia to regain
control of the North Sea and exterminate Protestantism. Despite being vastly outnumbered, due to
ingenuity, skill, and luck, the English forces were able to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Galleons were the Spanish superpowers having three masts and heavy artillery onboard. Galleys
were a bit smaller but mainly used to ram other ships with their pointy beaks. They were the fastest
ships the Spanish navy owned. During this building of the Armada, Lastly, there were the merchant
vessels. These were like the militia in the Revolutionary War; weak and small, but highly necessary.
While this armada was being built, Philip II decided to have his infantry set base in Flanders,
Belgium. This army consisted of about thirty two thousand men commanded by the Duke of Parma,
matchless in skill. Their mission was to wait until the Armada got close to London and then help lay
siege by joining forces with the Armada. The English, on the other hand, were superior at more a
more modern naval warfare style utilizing guns and artillery contrary to boarding enemy ships.
Thankfully for the British, their coastal beacons informed them about the Armada soon after Spain
decided to construct their own fleet. The English fleet consisted of only thirty four "race–built"
warships and one hundred sixty three merchant vessels. These warships were much faster than any
ships the Spanish had, but also highly vulnerable to cannonfire. The English sailors were greatly
more skillful than the Spaniards, though, so they were able to rely on ability rather than size. Charles
Howard, Second Baron Howard of Effingham was nominated to command these English Forces. He
was

Essay on Invasion of Normandy
Invasion of Normandy
Invasion of Normandy, also known as D–Day or Operation Overlord, was a cross channel attack
planned by the allies that took place over the English channel. Not only was D–Day the largest
amphibious assault the world had seen, it was a critical point in World War II. (Locke, Alain, ed. Pg
203)
The Invasion of Normandy is when the allies decided that they must take an offense and invade
Germany on their home land if Hitler was to be stopped. The allies put all of their power together,
for failure was not an option. If the invasion was to fail it was quite likely that the United States
would have to postpone their fight against Germany and turn their full attention to the war in the
Pacific, leaving the fate of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Eisenhower felt that operation Overlord was a sound plan in general, but needed a few revisions.
After the disastrous hit–and–run raid in 1942 in Dieppe, planners saw that(Candaela, Kerry. Pg 73)
German defenses were simply too strong and could easily fight off a number of small assaults. So
instead it was decided that it would be better to choose a single main landing where an immense
amount of firepower and soldiers could be concentrated. The invasion site needed to be close to at
least one major port and airbase to allow for efficient supply lines. The decision came down to two
sites, the Pas de Calais across the Strait of Dover, and the beaches of Cotentin. Of the two landings
it was decided that the beaches of Cotentin would be the best landing site for Operation Overlord.
Months ahead of time allies spent day and night producing war materials. When invasion day came
allies had assembled an unbelievable amount of war materials. In total, 5,000 ships, the largest
armada ever, 11,000 aircraft's, and approximately 154,000 British, Canadian and American soldiers,
including 23,000 that were to arrive by parachute and gliders. War materials were only half the
battle.
Deception was the key to the whole invasion. Much time was spent sending small campaigns over to
Germany to cause a ruckus in German defenses, eventually becoming a daily routine. Germans
intelligence never knew if it was the big invasion or just another little deception by the

Remembering Operation Overlord
The planning of Operation Overlord and the invasion were both effected by the lack of equipment
and landing crafts. Operation Overlord was a very advanced operation involving Americans,
Canadians, British, and other allies. The allied forces were going to attack the beaches of Normandy
in France, which was currently under Nazi Control. They attacked five different Beaches: Juno,
Gold, Sword, Utah, and Omaha beach. This operation could lead to the end of World War 2 and the
defeat of the Nazis. In 1943, a year before the invasion, the allies chose who would be in charge of
the invasion. "General Eisenhower was chosen to be in charge of the operation."(Brohier) Allies had
tight security in order to prevent the Germans from learning details about the invasion. He chose
Normandy to be the place of the invasion because it was in reach of Bombers stationed in Britain.
However, the planning did not go as well as expected because of the lack of equipment and landing
crafts because they were in use in other places.
The Allied forces sent out fake troops to Pas de Calais, the tightest place between Britain and
France, to make the Germans think the invasion was there instead of Normandy. They even led
Germany to think the invasion was in other place, for example Norway.
The last couple of Months and weeks before the invasion, "British bombers began to soften up the
German defenses by wrecking railways and bridges" (Brohier 1) so that the German troops could
not make their way to

The Calais Migrant Crisis : The Rhetoric Used By The...
The Calais Migrant Crisis: the rhetoric used by the British media
Introduction
This essay critically analyses the rhetoric used by the media in the United Kingdom over the Calais
migrant crisis, and the repercussions this can have on society. The essay will explore how the
narratives told by the media influence the perceptions of people on migrants, refugees, and asylum
seekers through discourse analysis. The Calais migrant camp, or the "jungle", as it is known
worldwide has been a centre hub for thousands of migrants trying to cross the Channel in hope of
pursuing a better life in the United Kingdom. Across the Middle East, millions of families and
unaccompanied minors have fled their homes due to war, persecution, and natural disasters, with
thousands setting up camp in Calais.
The Calais migrant crisis has divided the perceptions of people in the United Kingdom, with various
newspapers creating negative stereotypes of the migrants, refugees, and asylum seekers. This can be
understood by (Fairclough, 2014), who argues the perspectives and ideology in the British media are
overwhelmingly in favour of existing power–holders, like governmental figures and the upper class.
Connections between language and power in the media can be revealed through discourse analysis.
It can be argued that discourse analysis can help reveal some of the hidden and out of sight values,
perspectives and positions (Paltridge, 2012). This can be echoed by (Rogers, 2004, pg.6) who says:
"discourses

A Sentimental Journey Through France And Italy
'The prevailing cast of this period is not melancholy nor tragedy but farce'. Discuss in relation to A
Sentimental Journey.
There exists the idea that the period occupied by sentiment was one of refined and intellectual
emotion. However, it seems that if this notion ever existed, it was quickly overcome with literature
occupying the theme of farce, either ironically or obliviously. A specific example we can point to to
clearly demonstrate this idea is A Sentimental Journey through France and Italy by Laurence Sterne.
While some contemporaries adored Sterne's work on a serious sentimental level, many other critics,
both past and present, see it instead as a conscious farcical parody of the idea and concept of
sentiment that was so revered and admired at the time. In A Sentimental Journey we see various
elements of farce through the different aspects presented to us as readers, ranging from the
characters within the story, with a focus on Mr. Yorick, our main character, and farce is even present
in the form of the book itself. And it is these factors we will examine that highlight the farcical
nature, not only of A Sentimental Journey, but most likely a great deal of sentimental literature
written of the time. The first thing to address before we dive too deeply into the exploration of
comedy and farce specifically in A Sentimental Journey, we must first dissect what is meant by the
term "farce" itself. The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Literary Terms describes it as 'a kind

Persuasive Essay On Immigration
"Have the courage to follow your heart and intuition. They somehow know what you truly want to
become." –Steve Jobs. Scrambling to cope, Europe has struggled with the arrival of around 1.5
million people by sea since 2015. Many European countries have tightened their policies and
borders in an effort to stem this flow. To stop the tide of migrants and refugees fleeing to the
continent from the Middle East, the European Union forged a controversial deal with Turkey in
2016. Ireland took a different, more understanding approach in their brush with migration. When the
first group of unaccompanied child migrants arrived from the Calais refugee camp in Ireland, they
came to a warm welcome of well–wishers. Migration reveals regions' morals and values. For
desperate Africans attempting to escape war–torn countries where torture, enslavement and rape are
commonplace, Italy was their last hope seeing as many European countries shut down their borders
to migrants. Italy has been at the forefront of the migration "crisis" for hundreds of thousands of
asylum seekers from Africa, for more than two years. Migrants are coming from countries such as
Eritrea, Sudan, Bangladesh, Nigeria, Mali and Syria. The Libyan coast guard operates under the
auspices of the UN sanctioned government. Libya has fired warning shots at and restricted access to
humanitarian vessels patrolling in this region. Migrants intercepted by the Libyan coast guard are
being returned to the north African country.

Normandy Invasion Research Paper
The Normandy Invasion may have been the single most important battle on the Western Front of
World War II. Much planning went into the siege of these beaches that ensured a tough, but
inevitable victory, as well as other factors, such as the exploitation of the Germans' ignorance of the
attack. The Allied Forces took much time in plotting the invasion of the beaches of Normandy,
France to establish a sure victory, as they'd be sacrificing many troops and resources. They also
skillfully and masterfully concocted a planned hoax by deciding they would place dummy landing
sites all around the eastern coast, set up dozens (hundreds, even) tanks to bluff an invasion of the
wrong site. They even planned to organize a faux radio network, that told ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The whole war had led up to this day, especially since the plans for the invasion were being made
even as early as 1942 or 1943, after the Soviet Union requested help to relieve pressure on their
military in Eastern Europe following the Battle of Stalingrad, where they and Romania lost over
250,000 men combined. The thoughts of a soldier who had been fighting all throughout World War
II would have probably consisted of, one, wanted to go home already, but two, thinking that nothing
could be worse than what they had already experienced. They knew in their minds that they were
ready for this mission, and had the plans of the military backing up their claims of definite victory. A
soldier would, of course, hold their personal doubts and fright, but when counted among many
fellow troops willing to fight for the same cause as their own, they can't help but feel the collective
morale of their comrades and themselves. This personal morale was only boosted by the genius
work of WWII's commanders' skills in speech. The day before the actual attack, General Eisenhower
gave his men a motivational speech they'd never forget. An excerpt from the speech: "Soldiers,
sailors, and airmen of the Allied Expeditionary Force! You are about to embark upon the greatest
crusade toward which we have striven these many months. The eyes of the world are upon you."
Though General George Patton also gave his own speech that day, I won't bore you with another
quote (though Patton was far from a boring individual). Instead, you should now be able to reflect
on how important morale was for the forces getting ready to siege Normandy. The Allied troops
were physically and mentally prepared, while the Germans in Normandy, if anything, had lost
morale as they believed there was nothing to do when stationed in that

G8 Research Paper
19. http://www.gmpartscenter.net/auto–parts/oldsmobile/cutlass–calais
The Oldsmobile Cutlass Calais was a compact car that came in a 2–door coupe or a 4–door sedan
body style. It was manufactured between 1984 and 1991, and it was the 1985 Indianapolis 500 pace
car driven by James Garner. It was named after the French city, Calais.
You like to drive your Calais, and you make sure that it is properly maintained by using genuine
OEM replacement parts. GMPartsCenter.net carries parts for your Calais.
Body – You want to make sure that if you get a dent or lose a piece of trim on your Calais that you
replace it with a new part. Dents can cause rust to start and trim pieces protect the edges of some
pieces from damage. Some pieces, like the side ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The G8 is a rear–wheel–drive car that originated in Australia where it was known as a Holden
Commodore. It replaced the 1986 Bonneville, which was the last four–door, rear–wheel–drive
passenger vehicle from Pontiac.
Your G8 delivers great performance, and you like the comfort and upgraded sound system in your
car, so you make sure that all replacement parts are genuine OEM parts. GMPartsCenter.net carries
G8 parts.
Body – Your G8 is good looking, and you want to keep it that way by replacing any part that has
been dented or damaged. While most parts are not safety issues like a broken side mirror can be,
they still are made to be part of the integrity of the vehicle, so you want to replace bumpers, fenders,
doors and other parts. We have these parts and more like antennas, interior trim, floor panels, hoods
and roofs.
Emission System – Part of the emission system makes sure that you get good gas mileage and keep
your pollutant levels down. When sensors or other internal parts go bad, you may get poor engine
performance. We carry G8 emission parts like vapors, purge valves, MAP sensors, oxygen sensors
and

The Objectives Of The Operation Bodyguard
Operation Bodyguard was the operation name for the subterfuge leading up to the D–Day invasion.
There were three main objectives for this operation: convincing the Germans that Pas de Calais was
the main invasion target, keeping secret the date and time of the invasion of the Normandy beaches,
and keeping German reinforcements from heading to the Normandy beaches. The planning for this
operation started with "First Thoughts," a paper created on July 14th, 1943 which had many of the
ideas represented in Operation Bodyguard. At first, the Allied high command was dubious of using
deception as it did not work well in Operation Cockade. This was an operation done to confuse
German high command and draw them into air battles. However, the Germans barely responded to
the fake invasion force and the operation was a failure. Yet, even with this mistrust of deception and
use of subterfuge, Operation Bodyguard was approved on December 25th, 1943. The largest
operation in Operation Bodyguard was Operation Fortitude, which could also be argued that it had
the largest impact on D–Day. The objective of this was operation was to convince the German high
command that the Allies had a very large force in Britain and in Edinburgh which were going to be
used to invade both Norway and Pas de Calais. Due to it being a large operation, it was divided into
two sub–plans: Fortitude North and Fortitude South. Fortitude North was focused on creating the
illusion that the Allies were going to

R Day Deception By Mary Kathryn Barbier And Operation...
D–Day Deception by Mary Kathryn Barbier and Operation Double Cross by Ben Macintyre are both
books about Operation Fortitude, the colossal allied deception operation aimed at preventing
Germany from finding out where the D–Day landings would take place. This paper will summarize
both books and then discuss the differences between them and why they exist. D–Day Deception
was written by Mary Kathryn Barbier in 2007 and focuses on Operation Fortitude and the
Normandy Invasion. Barbier draws almost exclusively from primary sources, such as the military
reports leading up to, and right after, D–Day and then analyses the effectiveness of the individual
aspects of Operation Fortitude and the operation as a whole and determines it's ... Show more
Based on earlier attempts at deception the LCS had a general idea of where their false landing sites
should be (Barbier 8). This was by all means a united Anglo–American effort, unlike Operation
Mincemeat which was a solely British endeavor, many American units, like the American 23rd
Headquarters Special Troops, who for example, played a role in Operation Fortitude (Barbier 9). In
November of 1943 the main objectives of the deception operation were planned. A deception
operation for the invasion of France should have three objectives. First, to convince the Germans the
attack was coming in the Pas de Calais region or east of there. Second, to keep the Germans
doubting the real date and time of the attack and third, during and after the invasion contain as many
German troops as possible in or east of the Pas de Calais for fourteen days (Barbier 13).
Recognizing that the deception had to be as realistic as possible it was decided that dummy aircraft,
antiaircraft, tanks, artillery, and landing boats would be assembled in South East England while
wireless communication to simulate a command center were also fabricated by several people with
radios in South East England (Barbier 14–15). Operation Fortitude was divided into two parts,
Fortitude North and South. Fortitude North was dedicated to faking an invasion of Norway, which
managed to tie down 250,000 German troops, while Fortitude

What Problems Did Elizabeth Face in 1558?
What problems did Elizabeth face in 1558? At the start of her reign in 1558, Elizabeth faced many
problems it was a very tumultuous time for her. These problems included Gender, Religion, Finance
and Foreign policy. One factor Elizabeth had to face, which was seen as a huge disadvantage, was
her gender. This was because the society was very patriarchal, male dominated, meaning that she
was seen as week and less capable of being a good leader. This was a problem for Elizabeth as she
had to do more to prove that she could be a good leader. This leads onto the fact that her sister Mary
wasn't a good leader so therefore there were low expectations of Elizabeth, This also meant
Elizabeth had a lot to prove in order to be a good leader. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
There were many reasons for fighting to keep Calais, the loss of Calais would be damaging to the
economy, it would be a major blow to England's prestige, England would no longer have the same
domination over the straights of Dover and finally, the loss of Calais would have a huge impact to
Elizabeth's pride of a queen who was opening her reign. Whereas, on the other hand there were also
a lot of reasons against fighting for Calais. One

Senior Student Research Paper
What skills do you think a successful senior student should have?
I believe that a successful senior student should be opened minded and push themselves to help
others and strive to reach their goals. Always being ready for the next challenge is a skill that is
important in a leadership role and as a senior student they should guide other students when going
through their school career. Another important quality that a senior student needs is social skills
when talking to students, teachers and parents, also they will be representatives of the school and
must be verbally articulate to express their ideas.
What impact would you like to make as a senior student?
As a senior student I would like to make a positive impact and better the school ... Show more
I am already a part for the student observation team which has show me how to give constructive
feedback and helped teachers understand the best techniques that pupils enjoy in the classroom. This
role has been great and now that the opportunity to become a senior student i hope to further my
skills as I move on to the next stage of my education.
One of the areas I would like to focus on if I become a senior student is the Amnesty club. Last year
the Amnesty club raised over 1200 pounds for the School Bus Project which helped children in the
refugee camp in Calais, me and another student went to a fundraiser to represent the school and talk
to others about what we did and where the money was going. Inspired by this I recently went to
Calais to help the refugees in the makeshift town called the jungle. As a senior student to hope to
promote the inhumane treatment of these people and how as a community we can help them.
Furthermore in my everyday life i feel pride in my school and work and have to the mind set to
challenge myself in each lesson to achieve to best of my

Why Is Following Instructions Important
Even though I'm a person who doesn't really read the instructions till it's too late, I do believe they
are important. Following instructions is an important skill to have simply because they show up in
so many contexts like taking exams, cooking food or any other kind of logical task which needs the
execution of sequential set of steps. Even the different rules and regulations are like a legislative
form of instructions, designed to keep people from doing morally wrong things. These exist so that
our world doesn't fall into general chaos. This makes instructions really important! I think the media
today is playing a double role in shaping the public's attitude towards instructions or any
information. There have been times where the media has

Operation Overlord: The Normandy Invasion
World War II brought devastation, destruction, and death, which scarred history in many ways.
However, there were some good moments that shone through the bad like when the Jews were
liberated from their camps, or when the Allies won the war. And while World War II may seem like
a thing of the past, in reality its impacts on history still remain to this day. Like when Germany
captured France during the war the Allies planned an invasion to take back their allied country, if
only they knew that it would become one of the most well known invasions talked about to this day.
D–Day which was part of Operation Overlord to take back France was one of the many significant
events of World War II, it was the biggest seaborne invasion ever, it was a surprise ... Show more
Some were good, others were not, but all that matters is for us not to repeat history, we cannot
change what has already happened, but we can decide what to do now. History is written and taught
to teach about what happened so we will not make the same mistakes, but it can also be to entertain,
or to tell of great achievements that happened. D–Day falls into the category of great achievements
because it brought good things and good achievements even though it was just the start of Operation
Overlord it was the day that also started the end of the war in Europe. D–Day achieved things by
surprising Germany in an attack, becoming the biggest seaborne invasion ever, and it brought good
by ending the Nazi's rule. All of these things make D–Day a significant date in history, but even as
time goes on it will not be forgotten by those who know the

Operation Fortitude : The Deceptions Of The D-Day Strategies
The D–Day deception strategy was codenamed Operation 'Fortitude' and was part of a larger overall
deception strategy. The Germans were aware that the Allies would launch a cross–Channel invasion,
but they were not entirely sure of exact location and time of the attack. As a final stage of their
preparations for D–Day the Allies came up with a deception strategy to swerve attention away from
Normandy Operation 'Fortitude' were in of two parts: 'Fortitude North' was purposely meant to trick
the Germans into thinking that Norway would be attacked by the Allies and 'Fortitude South' was
planned to cajole the Germans that the Allies were going to attack north–east of Normandy in the
Pas de Calais. GARBO played an important role when the Allies started planning the D–Day, Pujol
was asked to persuade the Germans that Normandy landing was fake and the main target was Calais.
He was able to convince Hitler with an imaginary one–million army with George S Patton as
commander and huge fake oil depots, sham tanks, and airfields that a million–man strong army of
the Allies was about to attack him round Calais area. The plot to deceive Hitler was successful and it
is believed that on the 9th June message sent to the Führer by Garbo was the key factor that kept
some of the German's best army divisions away from Normandy which eventually pave way for
Allies victory of the war. The Germans were still holding to their belief that the Allies would invade
in Pas–de–Calais until September 1944

The Spanish Armada: Float or Flop?
When one thinks about the world's greatest navy's countries like England and the United
States instantly come to mind. But, in the year 1588, there existed another powerful navy, the
empire of Spain. The Spanish navy, also referred to as the Spanish Armada, was great in size
and, to some extent, had well trained soldiers. Like most great things, the Spanish Armada was
due in for its ultimate demise at the hands of the everlasting, powerful, British navy. Generally,
the Spanish Armada was everything a great navy was, with a few weak links that mainly
contributed to the Armada being defeated by the English navy.
So, what exactly was the fleet known as the Spanish Armada? To answer that question
one has to first look at why the Armada was a necessity for the Spanish. Leading up to the year
of the invasion that the Armada was assembled for, 1588, tensions between Spanish leaders and
Queen Elizabeth of England. But, the number one reason for the Armada's assembly was when
Sir Francis Drake attacked Spain with the powerful English navy, under orders of Queen
Elizabeth. As a plan to avenge the deaths caused by Drake's assault on Spain, the Spanish king
then assembled a fleet numbering, according to Wenxi Liu "138 ships from Spain and different
Habsburg dominions, weighing a total of 58,000 tons, carrying 30,000 men and 2,400
cannons"(9). Though the size of the Armada is impressive it did not have a strategic set up. The

The Eu Referendum
Q: 'What the F is going to happen in Europe? ' by 'LiveMusicLoverLyne. '
A: This is a question that has solicitous all of us, I 'm not going to discuss the 'EU Referendum '
directly duly because the questioner was referring to the immigrant crisis I believe. Y–es, the areas
of discourse are thinly interlinked although, I 'll quickly state that I see the immeasurable issues
separately. I 'll do my utmost to be succinct among fields of rhetoric. My stance isn 't flowered with
dreaded hyperbole from 'project fear ' which may surprise you. I take heed of the scheduled course
via analyzing the 'EU Parliament ' responses of 28 nations and configure solid active roles. To stem
the flow of refugees who 've effectively taken advantage of European open borders; what is required
is a collective response in regards to 'intermittent status reports ' as recommended by the European
Parliament. Allowing EU nations borders to close without breaching Schengen, for three to six
month periods, (impending further observation) this can be actively implemented for the safety of
migrants and a nation 's citizens – meaning that 'The Schengen Agreement (1985) ' remains intact
for the long term. The EU has to recognise this sort of mass migration as unprecedented, the dire
status has to be viewed by 28 nations for the reform of the act to be implemented in its fullest. In
light of the Brussel attacks this clause now has become an easier task and has proven to me that the
European war zones (the

Lazare Nicolas Marguerite Carnot And The French Revolution
Lazare Nicolas Marguerite Carnot was a great mathematician, military engineer, and administrator
in successive governments of the french revolution. As a leading member of the committee for
general defensive and of the committee of public safety and of directory. He helped mobilize the
armed forces. Lazare Nicolas Marguerite Carnot was born on May 13, 1753. He was born in Nolay,
France. Lazare was born into a family where his father was a lawyer, Royal Notary, and a local
judge. His father as a royal notary was a publicly commissioned official. People needed a Royal
notary for signing of documents (Soboul n. pag). Carnot was educated at a military high school in
Autun France. He also attended an artillery and engineering school in Paris. Then it was off to
college ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As a military engineer, he would practice building and designing military transport and
communications. He also has to make military tactics. As a member of the public education
committees, Carnot did not expel himself; but on August 11, 1792, the day after the attack on the
royal palace of the Tuileries in Paris, he was sent to the Army of the Rhine to report what had
occurred (Soboul n.pag).
In the spring of 1793, having earned a reputation as a tough and reliable patriot, Carnot was
promoted to an emergency Commission of Public Safety. During this time, Carnot went against his
republican beliefs and fought in the war. He is known as the "Organizer of Victory" because he led
the French armies to victory against the monarchy (Lazare Nicolas Marguerite Carnot n.pag)
"Carnot himself was sent into the départements of the Nord and of Pas–de–Calais and at the end of
March to the Army of the North. He remained with the Army of the North until August 1793,
establishing his mastery in military operations as well as in the command of men. He reorganized
the army, reestablished discipline, and took part, musket in hand, in the attack and capture of
Furnes" (Soboul

D Day Invasion Essay
The D–Day invasion, also known as the Battle of Normandy, was the Allied attack on Western
Europe on June 6, 1944. Canadian, British and American forces landed on five separate beachheads
along the coast of Normandy, France. Altogether, approximately 178,000 Allied airborne and
infantry troops were deployed. This invasion allowed the Allies to move into France and launch a
final assault against Germany. Prior extensive preparations were instrumental in the success of the
D–Day invasion, premeditating the fall of the Nazi Regime and Allied victory in WWII. A deception
campaign misinformed the Germans and instigated their sluggish reaction, laying the groundwork
for D–Day success. A strategic aerial contribution was another vital factor in the ... Show more
The aerial bombing campaign enacted by the Allies resulted in several critical German airfields,
military bases, and road networks being destroyed, and helped bolster the deception campaign. The
RAF and USAF deployed 11,000 aircraft, flew 200,000 sorties, and dropped 195,000 tons of bombs
on strategic German targets, such as airfields and coastal artillery batteries, while the Luftwaffe
were only able to employ 400 aircraft on D–Day due to targeted Allied bombing. An increased
frequency of air attacks on German networks in the days leading up to the invasion slowed down the
Germans by forcing them to take detours. This impeded upon Hitler's strategy, as he was attempting
to transport troops from afar –– instead of Pas–de–Calais –– to support the invasion, and was pivotal
for Allied success because it lessened the number of nearby available enemy troops, thereby
allowing the infantry to launch the attack with less resistance. Furthermore, the Allied aerial
bombing campaign bolstered the deception campaign, as two–thirds of bombs were dropped outside
Pas–de–Calais to divert attention from Normandy. Consequently, Allied aerial bombardment was
critical to the success of D–Day, as it allowed for German travel and supply routes to be destroyed
and protected the

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