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1. Introduction to
Forensic Biology
Dr.Archana Mahakalkar
Assistant Professor
Department of Forensic Biology
Government Institute of Forensic Science,Nagpur

2. Forensic Science
• Any science can be a
forensic science if it
has some application
to justice
What is Forensic Science?
• The application of science to those criminal and civil laws
that are enforced by police agencies in a criminal justice
system.
• Often called “criminalistics”

4. Forensic Toxicology Forensic Ballistics
Cyber and digital
Forensics
Document
Fingerprinting
Forensic
Science
Various Specializations of Forensic science
Forensic
Biology
Forensic
Psychology

5. Forensic Biology
Microbial
forensics
Forensic
Anthropology
Forensic
Odontology
Forensic
Entomology
Forensic DNA
Fingerprinting
Forensic
Serology
Various branches of Forensic Biology

6. • Preliminary assay
• Confirmatory assay
• Origin of species
• DNA Isolation
• Fingerprinting
Forensic Serology
blood,
semen
saliva
Preliminary
Assay
•1.Benzidine reaction
•2.Leucomalachite Green
reaction
•3.Phenolphthalein
reaction
•4.Luminol test:
Confirmatory
Assay
•1.TeichmannTest
•2.Takayama Test
Species Identification
•Precipitin reaction
sweat Urine milk
Fecal
matter
Hair

7. Forensic DNA Fingerprinting

8. In London 28th April 2014
The strange case of the time travel murder
99.9% of DNA from
two people will be
identical, the 0.1%
that varies is what
makes us individual

9. In Germany 2007 a murder of policeman
officer and at crime a women DNA was
found
When run thr’ German database identical
DNA was found in such 40 separate
samples.
German authorities spent 2 years and
thousands of hours seeing for the culprit.
Finally they found that DNA in fact been
present on swabs used at crime scene
which had been contaminated by a women
working at the factory that produce them.
Germany's Phantom Serial Killer: A DNA Blunder

10. Sex determination
Age determination
Stature estimation
Facial reconstruction
Bones tells us a lot
Forensic Anthropology

11. Age
Determination
Bitemark
Analysis
Individualization
Forensic Odontology

12. Forensic Entomology
PMI
Place
Neglect/Abuse

13. Forensic Palynology
Pollen grains
Spores
Location of Crime

14. Police officer on
scene
Investigator
Medics(if needs)
Photographer or field
Evidence technician
DNA expert
Serologist
Pathologist Toxicologist
Forensic Odontologist
Forensic phycologist
Forensic Anthropologist
Forensic Entomologist
Firearm examiner
Bomb and arson expert
Document and Handwriting
Expert
Fingerprint Expert
Crime Scene Team

15. Education
and Scope
Professors
Associate professors
Assistant professors
Researcher
Lab instructor
Trainers
Legal advisors
Job responsibilities
Designing and teaching Forensic Science Specific Courses: both practical and theory
Conducting forensic Science Based Research
Other Administrative responsibilities
Who they work for?
Academies
Community colleges
Colleges and Universities
Federal, State and Local Law Enforcement

16. If you have a
love of
science
You would
like to use it
for the good
of society and
public safety
Forensic
Science could
be a career
for you!
Summing it Up

17. Thank you