Halal-curriculum-ppt.ppt

Module 1.
PRINCIPLES AND CONCEPTS Of
HALAL
A project funded by DOST-
PCIEERRD
Course 1. Principles and Concepts on Halal

LESSON 1.
Concepts on Halal, Haram, and
Shubbah (Doubtful)

Introduction
 Concept of Halal and Haram is a key idea in Islam that
dictates what a Muslim can do and what is not allowed.
 Halal is a Qur’anic term that refers to anything that is
considered permissible and lawful under Islam.
 On the other hand, Haram is the forbidden things or
acts which are punishable according to Islamic law.

Definitions of Halal, Haram, and
Syubhah

Halal
is the Quranic
terms used in
the Holy Quran
which means
permitted,
allowed, legal,
or lawful.
Haram
is its opposite
means
forbidden,
unlawful,
illegal, or
unlawful.
Mushbooh
is Arabic word which
means ‘doubtful.’ If one
does not know the Halal or
Haram status of a particular
food or drink, such a food
or drink is mashbooh and
should be avoided.

 Carrion and dead animals are unfit for
human consumption because the
decaying process leads to the formation
of chemicals that are harmful to humans.
 Blood that drained from an animal
contains harmful bacteria, products of
metabolism, and toxins.
Rationale of Prohibited
(Haram)

 Intoxicants are considered
harmful for the nervous system,
affecting the senses and human
judgments.
 Swine serves as a vector for
pathogenic worms to enter the
human body.
Rationale of Prohibited
(Haram)

Top Ten Haram Actions that must be
avoided in Life:
1. Shirk
2. Fornication and Adultery
3. Homosexuality
4. Alcohol and intoxication
5. Gambling
6. Theft
7. Murder
8. Gossiping and talking bad
about others
9. Slandering against
another person without
knowing about the truth
10. Magic and seeking
Omens

The Classifications of Halal and Haram
Food in Islam
 Animals: Land & Aquatic
 Plants
 Mushroom and Microorganism
 Natural Minerals and Chemical Elements

 All aquatic animals are halal
except those that are poisonous,
intoxicating, or hazardous to
health.
 Animals that live both on land
and water such as crocodiles,
turtles, and frogs are not halal.
Aquatic Animals

Drinks
 All kinds of water and
beverages are halal as drinks
except those that are
poisonous, intoxicating, or
hazardous to health.

 All types of plants and plant
products and their derivatives are
halal except those that are
poisonous, intoxicating or
Plants

Natural Minerals and Chemicals
 All-natural minerals and
chemicals are halal except
those that are poisonous,
intoxicating, or hazardous
to health.
Galena
Hutchinsonite
Chalcanthite
Coloradoite

All types of mushroom and
micro-organisms (i.e. bacteria,
algae, and fungi)and their by-
products and/or derivatives are
halal except those that are
poisonous, intoxicating,
Mushroom and micro-organisms

 Food and drinks containing
products and/or by-products of
Genetically Modified Organisms
(GMOs) or ingredients made by
the use of genetic material of
animals that are non-halal by
Shariah law are not halal.
Genetically Modified Food (GMF)

All Land Animals are
Halal as Food

Except the following:
 Animals that are not slaughtered
according to Shariah law;
 Pigs (khinzir) and dogs and their
descendants;

Except:
• Animals with long pointed
teeth or tusks which are
used to kill prey such as
tigers, bears, elephants,
cats, monkeys, etc.;
• Birds with talons or
predator birds

Except:
• Pests such as rats, centipedes,
scorpions , and other similar animals;
• Animals that are forbidden to be killed
in Islam such as bees (al-nahlah),
woodpeckers (hud-hud), frog, etc.;
• Creatures that are considered
repulsive such as lice, flies, etc.

All Foods are Considered Halal Except
the Following (which are Haram):
 Alcoholic drinks and intoxicants
 Non-Halal Animal Fat
 Enzymes (Microbial Enzymes are
permissible)
 Gelatine from non-Halal source
(fish gelatine is Halal)
 L-cysteine (if from human hair)

 Lard
 Lipase (only animal lipase
need to be avoided)
 Non-Halal Animal Shortening
 Pork, Bacon or Ham and
anything from pigs
 Unspecified Meat Broth

 Carnivorous animals,
birds of prey and certain
other animals
 Foods contaminated
with any of the above
products

 Rennet (All forms should
be avoided except for
plant/ microbial) Stock (a
blend of mix species broth
or meat stock)
 Tallow (non-Halal species)

MUSLIMS ARE PERMITTED THOSE
THINGS THAT ARE SLAUGHTERED AND
PREPARED ACCORDING TO ISLAMIC
RULES.

The Rules are:
• The slaughterer must be a sane adult Muslim.
• The slaughterer must say the name of Allah before
cutting.
• The animal should be slaughtered in the name of Allah to
emphasize the sanctity of life and animal being killed for
food with Allah’s consent.
• Animals must be treated well before being killed.

• The animal must be killed by cutting
the throat with one continuous stroke
or motion of a sharp knife, without
lifting it.
• The slit must cover three of the
trachea, esophagus, and the two blood
vessels on either side of the throat.

• The knife must not be sharpened in the animal’s
presence.
• The knife blade must be free of blemishes that might tear
the wound.
• The animal must not be in an uncomfortable position.
• The animal must be allowed to bleed out and be
completely dead before further processing

LESSON 2.
Principles of Halal and Haram in
Islam

Outline of Presentation
• Principle 1
• Principle 2
• Principle 3
• Principle 4
 Intended Learning Outcomes (ILOs)
 Introduction
 Lectures
• Principle 5
• Principle 6
• Principle 7
• Principle 8

Intended Learning Outcomes
At the end of this module, you will be able to:
 Describe principles of halal and haram in Islam and
apply the knowledge in the halal industry.
 Demonstrate the principles of halal (where it is
applicable) by considering the aspects of ethics and
social responsibility.

Introduction
 One of Islam’s initial accomplishments was, therefore,
to establish certain legal principles and measures for
rectifying this important matter; these principles were
then made the determining criteria on which the
questions of what is halal and what is haram were to be
based.

 Pigs, dog, and their
descendant
 Bird of prey with claws
e.g Eagles
 Carrion
Principle 1
 Intoxicant
 Inappropriately used
drugs
 Blood
 Khamr (liquor)
All things created by Allah S.W.T. are halal, with few
exceptions that are specifically prohibited

 Food that has been dedicated or immolated to
someone other than Allah SWT.
 Not slaughtered according to Shariah
 Repulsive e.g Flies
 Live both on land & water e.g Crocodile
 Poisonous & hazardous aquatic e.g Scorpion
 Carnivorous with claws & fangs e.g Lion

 The meat of animals that
died of causes other than
proper slaughtering
according to the Shariah
(carrion)
 Inappropriately used
drugs.
FDA Found Drugs Used In Food Animals To Be
'High Risk'
Dead Animals

Principle 2
Halal or haram based on the injunctions are stated in
the Al-Quran and Sunnah
 No human being, no matter how pious or powerful may
take it into his hands to change it.
Examples:
 The industrial are forbidden to change these
principles by mix the halal and haram terms together.

Principle 3
Why Prohibited? Due to impurity and harmfulness.
 Intoxicants are considered harmful for the nervous
system, affecting the senses and human judgments.

Swine serves as a
vector for pathogenic
worms to enter the
human body. Infections
by Trichinella spiralis
and Taenia solium are
common.

Principle 4
 What is permitted (halal) is sufficient and what is
prohibited (haram) is then superfluous.
 Allah prohibited only things that are unnecessary or
dispensable while providing better alternatives.
 People can survive and live better without consuming
unhealthy carrion, unhealthy pork, unhealthy blood, and
the root of many vices – khamr.

Principle 5
 Whatever is conducive to the prohibited (haram) is in
itself is prohibited (haram).
 If something is prohibited, anything leading to it is also
prohibited;

 E.g. The Prophet Muhammad s.a.w.
Cursed not only the one who drinks
intoxicating drinks but also the one
who produces them, the one who
serves them, the one to whom they
are served, and even the one to
whom the price of them is paid.

Principle 6
 Falsely representing unlawful (haram) as lawful (halal) is
prohibited;
 Calling a haram thing by a name other than its own or
changing its form while retaining its essence is a devious
tactic. It remains sinful.

Principle 7
Doubtful things should be avoided.
There is a grey area between clearly
lawful (halal) and unlawful (haram).
This is the area of “what is doubtful.”
E.g.,Enzymes from doubtful
sources should be avoided as
food ingredients.

Principle 8
Necessity dictates exceptions.
It permits the Muslim, under the
compulsion of necessity to eat
prohibited food in quantities
sufficient to remove the
necessity and save himself
from death.

LESSON 3.
The Shariah Law: Its Objectives

Introduction
 Known as the Shari’ah, the law represents a divinely
ordained path of conduct that guides Muslims toward a
practical expression of religious conviction in this world
and the goal of divine favour in the world to come.
 The Sharia or religious Islamic law has strict rules
regarding what can and cannot be eaten.

The Shariah Law
 The term Shariah in Arabic literally means a path or
away. The Quranic uses of the word Shariah with this
meaning is revealed.
 Shariah generally means the way or path that Muslims
take to lead their lives – be it as individuals, as a
society or as a religious community.

The Significant of Maqasid in Ijtihad
 Knowledge of maqasid is necessary in ijtihad.
 It helps the jurists to rightly understand the legal texts
i.e. the Qur’an and the Sunnah.
 It also helps the jurists, in their ijtihad, in arriving at a
sound and reasonable rules and brings benefits to the
people.

The Objectives of the Islamic Shariah
are:

Protection of Faith
Faith is the main reformer in every aspect of
human life, it was normal for laws to protect
it, considering it one of human rights and
the most important right, by making laws
that help to protect it from everything that
might affect it.
E.g.:Alcoholic could not recognize his God

 Saving the life of one person is as
if the life of all humanity is saved.
It should be well established that
life is sacred because it is a gift
that God gives humans.
E.g.: Poisonous food will damage
body & soul.
Protection of Life

The mind is the means that leads and
guides a person to know the great facts,
which God asks us to discover using
sound reasoning, and not just blind faith.
E.g.: Liquor will lead to losing mind,
misused of drug-caused hallucination
Protection of Mind

 Islam encourages work, production, and earning money
and other property by lawful means.
E.g.: ‘Muamalah Batilah’ or take others property are
illegal
Protection of Property

In order to maintain life and pass the
torch to generations to come,
Shari`ah aims to protect progeny.
Every child has the right to grow
amongst a family.
E.g.: Halal food and healthy nutrition
will produce a healthy family.
Protection of Progeny

THE SOURCES OF ISLAMIC LAW

 Food in the Quran, A general dietary prescription in the
Quran is found in the passages:
“Eat of the things which God hath provided for you,
lawful and good; but fear God, in whom ye believe.”
(al-Maidah : 88)
Al-Quran

Food in the Hadith:
Allah the Almighty is good and accepts only that which is
good. Allah has commanded the faithful to do that which
he commanded the messengers, and the Almighty has
said:
Hadith

QIYAS (ANALOGOUS)
 Definition: Equalization or Analogical. The process of
analogical reasoning in which the teachings of the
hadith are compared with those of the Qur'an, i.e., To
make an analogy with a known injunction (nass) to a
new injunction.
Qiyas (Analagous)

Rukn al-Qiyas
(THE PRINCIPLES OF
AL-QIYAS)
Subject
Al-Asl (Known thing) Khamr (wine)
Hukm al-Asl (Ruling on
the known thing)
Haram (prohibited)
Al-‘Illah (Reason behind
the known ruling)
Intoxicates the user, removing
the user from mindfulness of
God.
Al-Far‘ (New thing) Drug, Cocaine, Rum, Beer, etc.

 Definition: Term referring ideally to the consensus of
the ummah (the community of Muslims, or followers of
Islam). In Malaysia, the responsibility worked to the
National Fatwa Council Committee for Islamic Affairs.
Ijma’ Ulama (Consensus of Scholars)

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