2. Angina pectoris is the medical term for chest
pain or discomfort due to coronary heart
disease. It occurs when the heart muscle
doesn't get as much blood as it needs. This
is usually happens due to the one or more
of the hearts arteries are narrowed or
blocked. It may lead to heart attacks. It is
also known as the stable angina.
3. Emotional stress
Exposure to the very cold or hot weather
Smoking
Heavy metals
Insufficiency of oxygen
Atherosclerosis
4. age (male -- >45 ,
female -- >55 )
being overweight
having high
cholesterol or high
blood pressure
having a history of
heart disease
medications like –
vasodilators
,vasoconstrictors etc
diabetes mellitus
not exercising
long time physiological
stress
family history of pre
mature cardiovascular
disease
kidney disease
polycythemia
dyslipidemia
smoking
5. pain in the chest and the pain will be spread
throughout the neck ,arms and shoulders.
Shortness of breath
Profuse sweating etc.
Fatigue
Dizziness
Anxiety
Pallor
Nausea
6. In normally the angina patient without pain must perform
electrocardiogram (ECG)firstly .
Sometimes exercise ECG (Treadmill test) may be
performed. If the patients has the asthma or arrhythmia
history than a standard exercise test include thallium
scintigramm or sestamibi scintigramm is performed. In
abnormal condition echocardiogram is performed.
In patients in whom such noninvasive testing is diagnostic,
a coronary angiogram is typically performed.
Angioplasty , Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)
7. The most potent and common medication is
nitroglycerine
The Calcium channel blockers(nifidipine
,amlodipine etc) ,beta blockers(propanolol ,
atenolol,carvedilol etc ) are also used to
decrease the heart workload ো ো ো
The treatment of angina is Balloon
angioplasty in which the balloon is inserted
in the end of catheter and inflated to
arterial lumen.
8. Coronary bypass surgery involves the
bypassing constricted coronary to the
arterial graft.
Isosorbite mononitrate ,nicorandil etc
vasodilators are newly used for the
chronic stable angina.
Exercise is the only long term treatment
for the angina.
Avoiding of the smoking and the weight
optimization is a must.
