The document provides a history of computing devices from ancient times to modern mechanical computers. It discusses early counting devices like the abacus used as early as 3000 BC. It then outlines the development of mechanical calculating machines including Napier's Bones in 1614, the slide rule, Pascal's Pascaline in 1642 which could add and subtract, and Leibnitz's device in 1672 which could perform all basic math operations. It concludes with the loom invented by Joseph Marie Jacquard in 1790 which used punched cards to control threads, introducing a key concept for later programmable computers.

1. Introduction to
Computer
Presented by Muhammad Ahmed

2. History and Development
The computer has evolved through centuries. From
the time the man first started using arithmetic, he had
been inventing devices to handle numbers. Then the
first calculating device Abacus invented around
3000bc. It was very useful in early times for calculating
numbers.

3. Abacus
A simple abacus is a rectangular wooden frame
carrying several parallel wires. Each wire supports an
number of beads. These beads are free to move along
length of each wire when counting.

4. Mechanical Computing Devices
One of the first calculating device ABACUS is still
being used in many countries for kids to learn
numbers and counting them. But people can calculate
much accurate with the new Mechanical devices

5. Napier Bones and
Logarithms
In 1614, John Napier Invented Logarithms and a
calculating device called Napier Bones or Rods. This
invention helped people to multiply as well it was fast
and accurate

6. Slide Rule
Napier idea of Logarithms soon gave birth to an other
useful Calculating device called Slide Rule. It consists
of two rule scales; the rule and the slide and a
transparent rectangular moving piece called cursor.
The cursor is capable to move smoothly on the slide
rule

7. Pascaline
In 1642, Blasé Pascal Invented a machine called
Pascaline that could add and subtract at the age of 19.
It consisted of series of wheels or dials. Each dial had
10 digits from 0 to 9 on it. These dials were geared
with drums.

8. Leibnitz Calculating Device
In 1672, Leibnitz invented a calculating device which
could not only add and subtract but also multiply and
divide.

9. Loom
In 1790, Joseph Maria Jacquard, it used vertical rods to
pull up threads, punched cards were used that
allowed some of the rods to pass through the holes
blocking the remaining rods.

10. ‘The Énd’