The Rise, Fall And Religion Of The Inca Empire Essay

The Rise, Fall and Religion of the Inca Empire Essay
The Rise, Fall and Religion of the Inca Empire
The title "Inca Empire" was given by the Spanish to a Quechuan–speaking Native American
population that established a vast empire in the Andes Mountains of South America shortly before
its conquest by Europeans. The ancestral roots of this empire began in the Cuzco valley of highland
Peru around 1100 AD. The empire was relatively small until the imperialistic rule of emperor
Pachacuti around 1438. Pachacuti began a systematic conquest of the surrounding cultures,
eventually engulfing over a hundred different Indian nations within a 30–year period. This conquest
gave rise to an empire that, at its zenith in the early 16th century; consisted of an estimated 10
million subjects living ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He accomplished this by ambushing and capturing the Inca ruler Atahualpa. Pizarro invited
Atahualpa to a "peaceful gathering", but when Atahualpa arrived, he was captured, imprisoned and
ransomed. Atahualpa's ransom was paid by the Inca empire with what would be equivalent to 50
million dollars worth of gold today, or, better stated by Pizarro, as "enough gold to fill a room".
Unfortunately, this ransom was paid to no avail; in 1533 the Spaniards strangled and beheaded
Atahualpa. The Spaniards extended their control over Inca territory in the following years. In 1572
they overwhelmed the last of the Inca forces and captured the last emperor, Túpac Amaru. In
beheading him, they ended the Inca dynasty.
The conquerors introduced the encomienda system, which put Native Americans to work at forced
labor on great agricultural estates. Thousands died of European diseases and many others fled the
land of their ancestors, causing the population to drop rapidly. Today about 8 million descendants of
the Incas inhabit the lands of the former empire, speaking the Quechuan language and following
many of the ancient Inca beliefs and customs.
The Inca religious system was based on the worship of multiple deities. The supreme god was the
creator god, Viracocha. The Incas also worshiped the sun god, Inti, from whom the royal family was
believed to have descended. Additionally, a number of other nature gods were
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

Pizarro's Greatest Advantage Of The Incas
Most Inca didn't know about Pizarro's arrival and they weren't ready . Pizarro had many advantages
but his greatest advantage were his weapons. Pizarro had weapon technology that were more
advanced than the tools that the Inca possessed. The Spanish brought weapons that the Inca had
never seen before . Pizarro had guns and steel swords that were hard to break and the Incas only had
bronze tools. Since steel was a hard metal , if properly made , the Inca had no chance of winning
with bronze tools . Since the Inca had never seen this type of weaponry they had no chance to
protect themselves from Pizarro's army . The Inca had no knowledge on the weapons did or how
much damage they caused , thus giving the Inca more casualties and the Spanish

How Did Cortes Defeat The Aztecs
The actions of the Europeans nations like the Spanish and the many others were to most importantly
colonize the New World and gather valuable resources there. It wasn't until the Europeans and more
specifically Cortes and Francisco did their actions become taking down the two major civilizations
in the New World. These two and their actions had a great impact on the culture and the economy of
the two civilizations that completely changed the course of history. Not only were the men able to
defeat the Incas and the Aztecs they completely took over the areas and were able to eliminate the
two greatest kings in the nation. Even though they did have a little advantage when it came to
firepower these two were smart enough to trick the leaders and allow themselves to conquer theses
civilizations in a short span of time. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Hernan Cortes defied orders to have the Spanish base at Veracruz and moved near Tenochtitlán
where there was rumored to be gold and other riches in Mexico. Soon after his arrival he became
allies with the Tlaxcalteca a major enemy of the Aztecs. King Montezuma II heard of this alliance
and sent gifts to Cortes to appease him and he even invited him into the Incan capital Tenochtitlán.
Cortes upon arrival saw that he had been outnumber so instead he held Montezuma hostage and in
the altercation Montezuma ended up getting killed. Over the next couple year he and his men fired
siege weapons on the Aztecs until they surrendered. The siege cut off the water and food supplies
which lead to a huge panic for the Aztecs. Another key role was smallpox, many of the Aztecs died
off which weakened their military causing them to surrendering.Once they surrendered the Spanish
went in and took control over the city and like many other places the conquistadors married the
Native women having mestizos and combined their two cultures

European Accomplishments In The New World Dbq Essay
Glorifying European accomplishments in the New World is wrong because the benefits of
exploration came at a heavy cost. The conquerors were greedy and treated the native people cruelly.
Also due to European settlements a majority of native culture was destroyed and the population was
depleted. If European explorers weren't killing the native people in battle they were unknowingly
killing them with diseases that their immune systems had not been exposed to. Overall the European
conquerors paid no mind to the thousands of "indians" they were killing, they solely had wealth on
their mind. In the article The Broken Spears: The Aztec Account of the Conquest by Miguel Leon–
Portilla, he stated "A great many died from this plague and many others died of hunger. They could
not get to search for food and everyone else was too sick to care for them, so they starved to death in
their own beds." The European explorers brought many diseases such as ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
They saw themselves as acting in the best interests of these people, bringing them Christianity and
civilization. This attitude destroyed traditional beliefs and social values, however, and had a
negative effect on colonized populations." European explorers such as the Conquistadors wanted to
convert the indigenous people to Christianity and by doing this they destroyed the culture of the
native americans. If you did not convert you were killed and if you chose to convert then you lost
touch with your original religion and traditions. Due to the uncompromising behavior of the
conquerors religions, traditions and social values of the indians have been lost. European explorers
viewed themselves as superior to the indigenous people and by thinking this way they ended up
eradicating the diversity of

Why Did The Inca Empire Fall?
The Inca empire was one of the most well–structured and most culturally sophisticated empires of
its time. So, why then did the Inca empire fall? Spanish greed for gold was the driving force for
New World exploration. There were many reports of gold in the south and many Spaniards were
eager to make their fortune and gain their fame from the New World. Francisco Pizarro sailed to
Hispaniola in search of wealth and glory. There he faced many challenges, and unfavorable luck.
After finally locating the Inca empire in 1527, Pizarro returned with a squadron of men to conquer
the Inca. In Peru, he reneged on his meeting with Atahualpa, and Pizarro's forces massacred the
Inca. Thus, Pizarro effectively changed the course of history forever. Spanish warring culture
influenced Francisco Pizarro's youth. Born circa 1478 in Trujillo, Spain, Pizarro was an illegitimate
son from a family of soldiers. He wanted to follow his father's work and become a soldier. During
Pizarro's time, Spain had the dominating military in Europe. Infantrymen, known as tercios, were
highly skilled combatants. Additionally, Spanish cavalry wielded intimidating fourteen–foot lances.
When Pizarro reached adulthood, he became a soldier and fought in Italy, in a war against France.
There he learned how to be a soldier, and honed his fighting skills. The war against France provided
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Pizarro's luck began to change, when Vasco de Balboa shared his cognizance of a safer place nearby.
The remaining Spaniards helped the natives in their area, and were rewarded with some gold. Being
obsessed with gold, the Spaniards inquired where to find more gold. Close to 1509, Pizarro, Vasco
de Balboa, and other men marched across Panama to the Pacific Ocean, following the instructions of
the natives. In 1513, Spain claimed the Pacific Ocean because of Balboa's expedition; however,
Balboa was unable to find the

San Pizarro, A Spanish Explorer And Conquistador
Francisco Pizarro was a Spanish explorer and conquistador who is famous for conquering the Inca
civilization. He was known as being very ambitious and having exceptional leadership abilities as
well as navigational skills (Yost). All these skills were very useful and beneficial in terms of helping
him achieve his goal of crossing the ocean with a small army in order to obtain the riches and wealth
of the Incas. In my opinion Francisco Pizarro was one of the great people who determined and
altered the course of history. The story of his life greatly supports my claim. Francisco was born as
an illegitimate child in Spain, in an area which was stricken by poverty (Biography.com). The fact
that he went from that to being one of the first ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
During their trip they discovered what we now know as the Pacific ocean, but Balboa spotted it first
which is why he is credited for its discovery (New World Encyclopedia). Pizarro had heard of
Hernan Cortes, who conquered the Aztec people and acquired a vast amount of wealth and power.
Pizarro wanted to do something just like that, so he set his sites on the Inca Empire in Peru, South
America. "He had learned of the Incas through a rumor from the South American native peoples,
they told him of a vast empire full of precious metals" (Yost).
Pizarro now begins to do what he did to change the course of history. In 1524 he took his first
expedition to South America to explore the land and people who lived there. It ended up being very
unsuccessful because of the many problems they had to deal with, such as bad weather, lack of food,
and conflict with the native people (New World Encyclopedia). In 1526 Pizarro set up for a second
expedition, which ended up being much more successful than the first. They were able to go much
more inland and saw the Incas and the riches that they possessed, which supported what Pizarro
heard before (New World Encyclopedia). Here is where things really begin to change. Pizarro didn 't
want to take anymore chances, so for a third expedition he did everything in his power to make sure
it would go right. In 1532 Pizarro left on his third expedition to South America and once he reached
an Incan village, Pizarro asked to meet

Inca Empire Research Paper
How is it possible that the small amount of Spanish conquistadors were able to defeat the strong and
powerful Inca empire? The successful conquer was due to the death of the Inca king, Wayna Capac,
and the spread of smallpox brought over from Europe and carried by Pizarro and his people. This
caused the Inca's to break into a civil war on who should be the next king, dividing the people
making it easier for the Spaniards to conquer. Although Jared Diamond identified guns and steal and
some of the most important things in the spanish conquest, the ultimate fall of the Inca empire was
because of the germs from the Europeans and the civil war that broke loose after the fall of the Inca
king. The colonization of the Incan empire was made successful ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Many Spanish voyagers had built up a resistance to smallpox, meaning they carried the disease
without being affected by it . The Inca had never been exposed the the disease, so it spread very
quickly and was very lethal to all the Inca. The smallpox virus killed the many of the Inca
population, including the king, leading to the whole empire to be weakened by sickness before the
Spanish even arrived at the empire. The Inca had a much larger amount of people and the Spanish
would not have been able to overpower the mass of people if they had not been weakened by
smallpox brought over by the Spanish. Many Inca were mourning the loss of loved ones killed by
smallpox, and were therefore unready for the spanish invasion. The infections disease spread
quickly throughout the empire before the spanish arrived, killing many of the Inca before the
invasion even began. Finally, the Inca armies were severely weakened by the amount of soldiers lost
due to the dangerous sickness that took many lives. It was made possible for the Spanish
conquistadors to successfully conquer the Inca due to the weakened population and the widespread
smallpox epidemic that greatly affected the

Compare And Contrast Pzarro And Hernan Cortes
Hernan Cortes and Francisco Pizarro managed to bring down the administration and basic structure
of the Aztec Empire and Inca Empire with only a few hundred men by utilizing various advantages
that they possessed. Both men had far superior weaponry than the natives that they fought however
the natives could have countered this with just sheer numbers and utilizing the terrain that they knew
so well. What really allowed these men to dominate their enemies was their strategies and
experience. Both men were also aided by the diseases that they brought with them, devastating the
native population for decades. Hernan Cortes was a Spanish Conquistador who dreamed of riches, a
title of nobility, and fame. He planned to obtain these by leading an expedition into the New World.
Spaniard's dreamed that conquering Mexico would give them great wealth and Cortes as able to do
this. He conquered parts of Mexico and caused the fall of the Aztec Empire. Cortes was so
successful because he was a remarkable strategist. One ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Due to the native's total isolation from the rest of the civilized world, they had been prevented from
developing immunities against many devastating diseases. These diseases were carried into the
country unaware by the conquistadors from Europe and Africa. For example, smallpox reached
Espanola by 1518 and was carried to New Spain in 1520. It then moved through Central America
and entered Peru by 1527. Wherever the disease passed, it left a detrimental death toll in its wake.
There are many accounts of villages that lost half or more of their population, some even lost as
high as 90% of their population. Many more disease continued to slowly decimate the natives, such
as measles typhus, influenza, yellow fever, malaria diphtheria and the bubonic plague. Within the
next 100 year of disease, the native's population became less than 10% what it was in the

Inca Civil War Research Paper
Ariel Durant wrote, "A great civilization is not conquered from without until it has destroyed itself
from within." The Inca Civil War was the beginning of the downfall of the largest civilization in the
Americas. The Inca Civil War lasted from 1529 until April 1532 in Peru and Ecuador. The
administrative, political, and military center of the empire was located in Cuzco (modern–day Peru).
The Inca civilization arose from the highlands of Peru sometime in the early 13th century. The Incas
had no written language. Most of what is known about the Incas come from artifacts and the
Spaniards. The Inca Civil War was a war between two brothers, Huascar and Atahualpa, that took
place after their father Huayna Capac. Huascar and Atahualpa both doomed suitable for the
succession of the Inca Empire so, the war began. The Inca Civil War was a conflict that divided a
civilization, resulted in significant changes that made the empire more vulnerable and caused the
downfall of the Inca civilization.
II. Origin, Lifestyle, and Religion
Origin
The Inca Empire was short–lived. It lasted just shy of 100 years due to the collapse of the empire in
1532. There are many legends and myths about how the Incas came to be. According to one legend,
the creator god ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Shortly after Atahualpa's escape, he moved his armies to that city of Ambota where they defeated
Huascar's men and captured, tortured, and killed the head general Atoc. After that battle, Atahualpa
continued to move south into Huascar's land winning every encounter. Atahualpa made his way into
Cajamarca and tried, but failed, to peacefully gain loyalty from Huascar's men. This then resulted is
Atahualpa to become very violent, murdering in large numbers, which resulted in Huascar's men
surrendering. Atahualpa's army pushed south winning more and more battles. Huascar attempted to
send another army to meet Atahualpa but was captured. Atahualpa had won the

The Inca People In Peru
I'm glad I'm finally getting to write back to the Stanford and you, Professor DeRuntz. I must say it's
an amazing experience here in Peru and it has undoubtedly helped me in the field. There's nothing
like being here for my research. Speaking of which, just in case it's needed– here are some of the
terms we've been using. Ayllu is referring to an extended family group, common to be used for
governing. Mita was used to describe a labor tribute that the Inca put in place. Two terms to describe
the Inca people were mamakuna for young unmarried women and the young men, yamacuna– each
serving a different purpose.
4,500 miles along South America's western edge, the Andes here also hold the title as second highest
mountains. With the high elevation, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The location brought the difficulties of the Andes. We traveled to the very rivers that sustained
villages of rudimentary hunter–gatherer villages starting in 3600 B.C. to 2500 B.C. These evolved
by 3000 B.C. by beginning to farm and ultimately became dignified civilizations. We discussed the
first of them, the Chavin, found in the mountains from 900 B.C. to 200 B.C. We visited the site of
their ruins that contained pyramids, plazas, and sizable earthen mounds. While having no evidence
of any significant political or economical framework, they had an importance placed on their
religious foundations. This, along with their art, carried on to the other cultures of the area. The
Nazca lasted from 200 B.C. to A.D. 600 on the dry Southern coast of Peru. They were able to utilize
agricultural techniques to their benefit to counteract the less–than–satisfactory land. What they were
mostly known for was their textiles and pottery, but especially the Nazca Lines. These are around
1,000 pictures etched into the dry plain. To clearly see the image, you must get an ariel view,
bringing up questions about the origins of these. I was even able to get to see one of them in the sky
from a helicopter. Then there were the Moche on the northern coast of Peru A.D. 100 to A.D. 700,
who were another to use irrigation for their crops. They created elaborate jewelry of gold, silver, and
gems. Although they never developed a written language, the pottery they made was comprised of
images of their customs and everyday

Who Is Francisco Pizarro?
Who is Francisco Pizarro:
Conquistador is a term that defines the soldiers and explorers of the New World. There are many
conquistadors before the discovery of the New World. However, the most important and
unforgettable conquistador was born between sometime in the 1470s. Francisco Pizarro, Gonzalez,
is the Spanish conquistador who was the leader of the expedition of the Inca Empire. And behind
this expedition, there is a long story that defines a man and events that prove facts. So, who is
Francisco Pizarro? According to the facts, Francisco Pizarro was born in Trujillo, Spain. His date of
birth is unknown, but some say that it is sometimes in the 1470s, perhaps 1474. He was the
illegitimate son of infantry Colonel Gonzalo Pizarro, who was ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
He joined Discovery missions, and there he reached Panama, during that time he did what he wants
from violence works under the name of religion, but in fact, it was with the aim of wealth and
power. Francisco Pizarro cooperated with Diego Almagro, and he becomes his partner, they torment
the people of the country and especially the Native Americans. They were treated in an undescribed
violence way, such as cutting the legs and hands while the people are alive. During that period,
Francisco Pizarro was living in a peace and comfort, but he was greedy and want more. Therefore,
he sailed from Panama to the Pacific Ocean. When he reached there his soldiers refuse to continue,
so they asked Panama governor, to send them ship to return. And when the ship came Francisco
Pizarro was surprised, so he draws a line to see who will stay with him and who will have left, 13
out of 160 men stay with Pizarro, and this event was known as the famous thirteen. He reached the
Peru and from here the story begin. (The Most Evil Men In History – Francisco

The Inca Empire
The Inca empire was one of the most advanced technology empires during the period of 1400 to
1533 C.E. The Inca Civilization thrive on the ancient Andean region of South America. By the end,
their empire spread across the western South America from Quito in the North to Santiago to the
South. Up until, its conquest by Spanish military in the 1530s. In this course of time, Incas were
facing some slumps and success moments.
Incas made their home high in the mountains, about 11,000 feet above the sea level. Inca built
bridges in between the mountain peaks and over the deep gorges. They never invented the wheels,
the only way to travel through these bridges was the animals that carry food. Inca empire was
developed in a long strip stretch through ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Conquering nearby lands and reorganize the government. In the period of 1438 A.D. Pachacuti Inca
Yupanqui becomes the leader of the Inca. He begins to conquer nearby tribes and expand the control
of the Inca Empire. He reorganizes the government into the Tawantinsuyu and builds the city of
Machu Picchu. Seeing that the Incas were very strict with the laws and punishments, every crime
had a severe punishment. Unlike other places, the Inca empire had low crime rates. If you made a
mistake for the first time, then you would get a scolding by the government. If you had a second
offense, then it would lead to death by hanging, stoning or by pushing the person off a cliff. The
death penalty was given for killing, robbing, taking other people's belongings or going into the
rooms of the Chosen Women. Laziness, which is considered as a serious crime, it is punishable by
death. Additionally, Rules also applied to people that were old or people with disabilities. For
example, even if a man is old and they aren't usually strong enough to work for a job, the
government still demanded for their tax so they had to collect firewood and other similar tasks. For
disabled people, who also does not have power to work, according to the rules, they had to do
something that was different and something they wouldn't affect the empire. Assuming that a man is
blind, he has to clean cotton or remove the husk maize. Another law for the disabled was that they
weren't allowed to marry anyone with the same

Hernando De Soto Research Paper
Hernando de Soto By: Lumina Handsaker De Soto's exact date of birth is unknown. Based on my
sources it was some were between 1496 and 1501. He was born in Jerez de los Caballeros, Spain.
His parents were Leonor arias Tinoco and Francisco Mendez de Soto. In 1514, he was sent to the
port city of Seville, by his father. De Soto started working for Pedro Arias Davila. While working
for Davila, de Soto got his shot at the adventure he had been wanting. In 1514, de Soto joined the
expedition, run by Davila, to the new world. In 1514, on April 11th, with a fleet of 20 ships and 200
people, Davila's crew set off. They landed, 2 or so months after they set of, in a rainforest in central
America. The areas they encountered were inhabited by natives. De Soto led many raids on the
natives. Due to this, his reputation grew. He became a captain, because of this in 1520. As Davila's
representative, de Soto was expected to explore for land and riches. De Soto explored many areas,
including present day Costa Rica and Honduras. In 1524, de Soto conquered Nicaragua and became
alcalde, Alcalde means mayor, and of course his adventures didn't stop there. ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
In 1531 de Soto joined Pizzaro in Peru. At this time the land was inhabited by the Inca empire. With
the advanced weaponry and the diseases, the Spaniards carried, the Inca army fell fast. The
Spaniards captured Atahualpa. Atahualpa was chief of the Inca's. bargaining for his realize,
Atahualpa gave de Soto a large amount of gold and silver. Getting the third largest amount of the
gold and silver, de Soto was rich. The bargain did not work out for Atahualpa, he still got executed.
Soon after, de Soto located another Inca city. He was the first European to step foot there. He soon
conquered the city. He claimed the riches and set sail for Spain. The city was Cuzco. De Soto set out
for Spain in 1535 and arrived in

Early Western Attempts At Colonialism Can Generally Be
Early Western attempts at colonialism can generally be categorized as ruthless and deceitful. The
destruction was not limited to environment, "More people in the western hemisphere died during the
sixteenth century than in any other demographic crisis in world history." While the ultimate effects
upon these groups were similar, the Taíno and Inca people had different initial responses to the
arrival of Western powers.
The Taíno people initially responded to Western arrival and encroachments with attempts at
coexistence. They used Christopher Columbus' appearance as an opportunity to trade physical goods
and cultural experiences, "Friendly trade relations with the Taíno, however, quickly deteriorated into
outright exploitation." Before ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As these are island civilizations, they were unable to maintain the maroonages for very long; the
Inca would later establish a second state that will last far longer than the maroonages.
The Taíno people of Haiti, specifically, were deeply misrepresented in early colonial literature.
Guillermo Coma of Aragon, who went on Columbus' Second Voyage, wrote to his friend in Sicily,
Nicolo Syllacio–who translated his letters to Latin and distributed them to the Duke of Milan,
Lodovico Maria Sforza–about the people they encountered. Coma writes of "Peter Margarita, a
Spaniard whose word cannot be impugned . . . saw here a large number of Indians fixed on spits and
roasted . . . . The cannibals do not deny this but openly affirm that they eat human flesh." More
recent scholars dispute these accounts, citing a lack of credible accounts and no consumed
Spaniards. Coma later gives contradictory statements about the Taíno, first writing, "They are a
savage race and capable of the greatest endurance." This statement attempts to establish both a
paternalistic and physical justification for subjugation. He later describes them quite differently,
Being intelligent, sharp–witted and shrewd, they could easily be led to adopt our laws and manner of
life, when they realize that our manners are more mild and out way

The Inca were once one of the most advanced societies and largest empires in the early 16th century
Americas. They had an expansive empire that spread throughout South America, including what is
present day Peru, Ecuador, Bolivia, and northern Chile. With a successful monarchical government
and large military system, the Incas also had complex irrigation systems and technologies that were
ahead of their time. The Spanish first arrived in 1527 while the Incas were still a thriving society led
by Huayna Capac who had kept the country unified. However, by the early 1530s, there was a
schism in the Inca Empire between the two sons of Huayna Capac, Huáscar and Atahualpa, who
were fighting for kingship, dividing the empire in two. The Spanish, led ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Spanish Jurisdiction was implemented, striping the Incas' economic, social, and political power. The
Spaniards attempted to convert the Incas to Christianity but most Incas were confused by the nature
of the religion and did not want to participate. Hernando Pizarro observed how religion and
traditions were a large part of Inca life meaning they were unlikely to give it up. When Atahualpa
was presented with a Bible, he threw it on the ground and stated, "I will not leave this place until
you have restored all that you have taken in my land. I know well who you are and what you have
come for." Atahualpa did not want to give up his religion and accept Spanish beliefs like the
Spaniards wanted him to. After the disbandment of the Inca people, the Peruvian government was
created by the Spanish, and the Inca were forcibly incorporated into the Spanish colonial society.
The Spaniards also erased Inca culture through replacement of Incan architecture and traditions. The
Inca had a distinct architecture that showed not only their innovations like stone work and single
rooms, but also their power in South America. Once the Spaniards arrived though, the architecture
of the Incas was lost and replaced with work of the Spanish showing their power and wealth that
they brought to South America. The Incas' fancy and elaborate cities were also looted by the
Spaniards. Graves were raided and gold was stolen. Atahualpa's palace was stripped of its silver
plaques that decorated its entrance. With the creation of Peru, Incas were marginalized and made to
accept Spanish culture and government at the loss of their

How Francisco Pizarro and Hernán Cortes Have Impacted the...
Francisco Pizarro: Spanish explorer who discovered and conquered the Inca Empire, nowadays
Peru. Hernán Cortés: Spanish explorer who discovered and conquered the Aztec Empire, nowadays
central Mexico.
Pizarro and Cortés were two great men in the history of the world, men who made an impact in
society and left their print for future generations. There have been many conquerors and discoverers
that, like them, have contributed to the advances in the world made by the human race. Discoveries
and conquers have been made all over the world, in every civilization, in every period of time.
History books are full of people who, in a way or another, changed the world, either by finding a
cure to a certain disease, by making an important ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Hospitals are not named after them and surely a hundred years from their deaths nobody is going to
remember what they once did, but these people that I am talking about are the real heroes, they are
the real discoverers, the real conquerors. They are the kind of people that enter our lives and stay
there forever. I've met one. In his idiosyncrasy he discovered and conquered places in me I didn't
know existed.
His physical characteristics, mannerism, and personality captivated me. He is tall, Caucasian. His
brown eyes match the color of his hair, and his white skin makes his hair looks darker. His breath is
fresh and tempting; his lips tantalizing. His jaw bone is like the one of an angel and everything in
him is beautiful. His long neck is always well perfumed, and every time you get near you can feel
the sweet–smelling fragrance. His long, toned arms can hug you like a bear along with his hands
that are big and masculine. His chest is hard and tanned; his abs prominent. His long, strong legs are
like the ones of a sports man as well as his feet. His gentlemanly mannerism and courtesy are one of
a kind. Furthermore, he is intelligent and mature. He can have fun like a little boy and can make me
laugh with whatever craziness he does. He is very energetic and a great leader. He may be explosive
at times, but most of the times he reasons before he talks and knows exactly what to say. The man

The Inca empire was a well–managed empire that function under close family members that
continuously expanded over time. The Inca empire started off as a small empire from Titicaca that
migrated north to the valley of Cuzco. Amongst the many groups located in Cuzco the Incas started
gaining new members due to their superior abilities to politically negotiate with their neighbors,
conquest of many local groups, representing, electing themselves into the government of others
through votes of existing members and using forceful tactics on resisting neighbors. The Incas
expansion was a well governed empire but it was through forceful powers and hardship that they
expanded. Although the Incas were an organized empire they lost power to the Spaniards ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
After hearing of the war between the brothers Pizarro toke it as an opportunity to strike and
migrated to Cajamarca and toke over with no hesitation since it was abandoned. Pizarro learned that
Atahualpa and his army was camping nearby he invited them over. Atahualpa accepted the invitation
but only went a few of his guards without realization that the Spaniards was armed and hidden.
Atahualpa was captured, while capture pizarro proceed to attack the Inca empire and killing
hundreds of the member while holding their ruler hostage. Pizarro used the ruler as ransom for gold
and silver as for exchange of his life but after Pizarro received his ransom he broke his promise and
executed Atahualpa leaving the Inca empire destroyed. Despite serval attempts made by the Incas to
take over again they failed and The Spaniard toke over Peru which changes the system and turned it
to colonial

Wether Atahualpa's Ear
The question of wether Atahualpa out the bible to his ear has been a question as old as the story.
There are different accounts of the events of that day when the spainards destoied Atahualpa's rule.
We were given three exerts to read from that we now must find if he truly did put the book to his ear.
When it comes to history you must read all the different stories and find the si milarities in all to
make a solid conclusion and this is what we had to o in order to find the truth. When the priest
presented Atahualpa with the bible it was assumed with he was able to use a book. If he did not you
would assume he might try to put it to his ear. Sadly this is not the case, from ehat i could read there
was only one story that was able to declare

How Did The Mexican Americans Influence Explorations
Two of the most influential explorers in the 1500s are Francisco Pizarro and Hernán Cortés. Both
were great conquistadors from Spain and were some of the first people to explore certain areas in
the "new world." After exploring the new land that they had each found, they decided to claim it for
Spain, but first they had to deal with the hostile natives that already controlled the land.
Hernán Cortés first landed on the coast of modern day Mexico in 1519. He had traveled by sea from
Spain and brought men, horses, cannons, and many other supplies with him. He had heard of a few
Spanish explores that tried to take the land were repelled by native indians know as the Aztecs but
was determined to claim the land. At first the Aztecs thought that Cortés was a god and respected
him, but that only lasted for a little while and then they saw him as an enemy. Cortés and his men
marched toward the Aztec capital called Tinochitlán and when they finally reached it they were
blown away by its beauty and design. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As tensions with the Aztecs grew, Cortés left the city and captured Montezuma in and attempt to
gain leverage over the Aztecs. Cortés tried to get Moctezuma to sign over the land as well as
treasure to the Spanish with no prevail. By this time, Spanish reinforcements had arrived and with
the help of Malinche, a native Aztec woman, Cortés made alliances with other tribes in Mexico that
would help him capture Tenochitlán. A battle to gain control for Tenochitlán began and resulted in
the death of over half of the Spanish forces. Cortés was forced to retreat and rethink his assault and
in 1521, he was able to capture the city of Tenochitlán and claim it for the

When the Spanish arrived at the Incan borders in 1528, the...
When the Spanish arrived at the Incan borders in 1528, the Incan empire spanned a great distance,
from Ancs Maya, Blue River, in Southern Columbia to the Maule River in Chile. The Inca Empire
originated from a tribe based in Cuzco under the rule of Pachacuti, the Incan leader from 1438 to
1471/1472, Cuzco soon ended up being the capital of the Empire. Pachacuti's would later rule the
empire.
The Inca believed that harmony between the relationships of the human being, nature and gods was
truly essential. They had multiple gods, but the main god was Viracocha, the Inca even considered
their emperors as demi–gods. They had several sacred objects and locations. The Vilcanota or
Wilcamayu, the "Sacred River" which is a section of the Urubamba ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
On the 16th of November 1532, while the natives were in a celebration in Cajamarca, the Spanish
captured Atahualpa by surprise during the ensuing battle. When Huáscar was killed, the Spanish
tried and convicted Atahualpa of the murder, executing him by strangulation.
After the Spanish had risen to power and Atahualpa was executed, several of Atahualpa's generals
started rebelling against the Spanish. Quizquiz defended Cuzco from the Spaniards and Ruminahui
burned Quito instead of letting it fall into the enemies hands. Nevertheless, the Spanish remained in
power and within two years, they seemed to be in firm control. However, one of the Incas the
Spanish had enthroned was plotting against them. Manco Inca Yupanqui, one of Atahualpas and
Huáscars many brothers, led over 100,000 Incan warriors in an attack against the Spanish in 1536.
He besieged Cuzco for more than six months and killed one of the Pizarro brothers before he was
forced away by Spanish reinforcements. He managed to escape and formed a rebel colony in the
mountains, which was not conquered by the Spanish for almost 40 years. During this time the
Spanish were destroying sacred lands, sacred objects, however they did not find the mountain city,
Machu Picchu.
After the conquest ended, 93%of the Inca population had died, according to Wikipedia, mainly from
smallpox and measles, the rest of the Inca were killed by the Spanish.
The conquering of Peru by the Spanish can be compared to

Guns Germs And Steel Part One Analysis
In the book "Guns, Germs, and Steel" by Jared Diamond, Part One talks about what happened on the
continents before 11,000 B.C, geography on the Polynesian Islands, and more importantly what
happened in Cajamarca to the Inca emperor Atahuallpa when he was captured by the Spaniards.
Jared Diamond will explain what happened at Cajamarca and why it was important or more
specifically a turning point between different societies. However, he didn't go into detail about other
battles because he feels as if the advancement in technology was clearly shown better in Cajamarca.
Jared Diamond dedicates a whole chapter to the battle at Cajamarca in Part One because of the
technological reasons shown in this particular battle. First of all the Spanish conquistador Francisco
Pizarro, who was also referred to as King Charles 1 of Spain, planned to capture the Incan emperor
Atahuallpa. However there were some minor issues, "Pizarro, leading a ragtag group of 168 Spanish
soldiers, was in unfamiliar terrain, ignorant of the local inhabitants, completely out of touch with the
nearest Spaniards (1,000 miles to the north in Panama) and far beyond the reach of timely
reinforcements" (66). Pizarro still managed to capture Atahuallpa though. Even with all these
obstacles in his way, he managed to capture the emperor who had an army of 80,000 soldiers. They
both had something in common, they ruled over a nation of people. However, Pizarro and his group
of 168 soldiers were far better trained and were actually armed with guns. They had armor to protect
them while the Indian soldiers had nothing to defend themselves thus creating this "turning point"
that Jared Diamond is trying to show here. The Spaniards were from a whole different society than
the Indian soldiers, "Although the Spaniards' superior weapons would have assured an ultimate
Spanish victory in any case, the capture made the conquest quicker and infinitely easier" (66).
Again, Spaniards had far better weapons than the soldiers. The Indian soldiers had none! If the
Indians were brought up in the same society as the Spaniards, then the event would have been
different. The Indian soldiers would actually be armed at all times (like the Spaniards) and be alert
in case anything

Francisco Pizarro's Famous Expeditions
Francisco Pizarro is best known for his famous expeditions to the "New World" , his conquering of
the Incas, and his help at discovering the great, big, blue of what we know as the Pacific
Ocean. Pizarro living in the Renaissance era , was fond of the idea to further his knowledge by
setting out on explorations. Not being able to read or write however was not going to ruin Pizarro's
dream,
Pizarro's inner ambition would carry him where he had always wanted to go.
Francisco Pizarro Gonzales , or better known as just simply Francisco Pizarro was born in
1476 in Trujillo, Spain. Pizarro was born to the poor farmer, Captain Gonzalo Pizarro, and Francisca
Gonzales. Francisco was illiterate and thus forced to herd his father's pigs. Throughout Pizarro's
child and young manhood , Francisco heard multiple stories and tales of a new world. Through these
stories
Pizarro developed a want and longing for both adventure and fortune. At the age of 34 in 1510,
Pizarro went on his first, real expedition to Uraba, Colombia with Spanish explorer Alonzo de Ojed.
Even if their trip to Colombia was considered unsuccessful, Pizarro was delighted with the
experience and had proven that he could make the cut. He proved that he was reliable and wasn't
going to just back out or quit. Just 3 years later, in 1513 Pizarro joined Vasco Nunez de Balboa on
his voyage to the "South
Sea." On their way they had to cross the Isthmus of Panama, they then laid their eyes on what we
modernly call the Pacific

Incan War Dbq
You may ask, "Why were innocent Native Americans captured and slaughtered in their homes by the
deleterious Spaniards for no stable reason?" Well, here you'll find out. You may not know why or
how these Spaniards were driven to destroy the Native American population. But here, you will find
out why. The Spaniards had a few reasons to overthrow the Incas, but mainly because they wanted
to rule the world. They wanted to dominate the universe. But, the Incas did have lots of emeralds,
gold, and silver. They wanted that as well. The early Spaniards were very greedy and wanted
everything for themselves. The first place they overthrew was the Inca territory in Peru, which also
had the most emeralds and gold. They didn't break a sweat ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
In 1519, Hernan Cortes set sail toward Yucatan, Mexico. The Spaniards were excited for being able
to settle in this place for the first time. In Tabasco, Mexico Cortes ran into some resistant natives. He
cleared them out with ease, until they were forced to surrender. They gave him supplies and then he
left. His mind was set to conquering the Aztecs. He had heard of them and he knew that they were
very important in Mexico and he wanted to overthrow them. While they were parading through
Mexico they encountered the rivals of the Aztecs, called Tlaxcalans, which were another tribe in
Mexico. They became very important allies for the Spanish, during their upcoming siege on the
Aztec capital city, Tenochtitlan. When Cortes arrived, the Aztecs actually though he was their God,
Quetzalcoatl, and their leader treated him with a big party. This was because their God was
supposed to be returning to Earth that day. The Spaniards wanted to make themselves look powerful,
so they fired shots into the air, to scare the Aztecs. They further entered the city and started to sack
the whole thing, with the help of the Tlaxcalans and Doña Marina. They took Montezuma (the Aztec
leader) hostage. Cortes manipulated him and ruled the city that way. While Montezuma was
captured and the Spaniards were ruling the city, another Spanish force arrived from Cuba. Cortes
stormed the

The Fall of the Inca Empire Essay example
The Inca Empire, the massive nation that extended 2,500 miles along the western coast of South
America and had a population of over 7 million at its peak. It included all of what is now Ecuador
and Peru and most of Chile. Known as "The Children of the Sun", they excelled at craftsmanship,
weaving, and culture ("Children of the Sun"). A very religious people, they worshiped the Sun as
their supreme god and held religious festivals monthly to appease these gods. Although they did not
value it aside from its beautiful appearance, the Inca Empire was home to millions of pounds of
solid gold and silver. The Inca had no use for it except to use it to craft decorations and statues. In
fact, an Inca citizen valued cloth more than they valued gold ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
With them, they brought the lethal disease smallpox over from Europe. Smallpox had been
spreading south towards the Inca, and in 1524, it reached the Inca capital of Cuzco. The aging Inca
emperor Huayna Capac caught a very serious case of it and died in 1525 (Somervill 8). On his death
bed, Huayna Capac appointed his heir. He chose his first son, Ninan Cuyochi to rule as emperor.
However, he included one condition: if a high priest saw deathly omens for Ninan, a replacement
should be picked. Sure enough, a high priest of did recognize deathly omens for Ninan Cuyochi, and
only weeks later, he died of smallpox, just as his father did. With Ninan's death, an impending
problem arose – who would become emperor? Huyana Capac had not specified who would take
Ninan's place in the event he died. So, his three remaining sons were all candidates for the throne.
Huyana's second oldest son, Huascar, claimed the throne before his two other brothers, and therefore
was crowned emperor. The two remaining brothers, Atahualpa and Manco Inca, were content to
remain governors and did not challenge Huascar. However, Huascar, fearing they would conspire
against him, demanded Atahualpa come to Cuzco and speak with him. As Nigel Davies put it,
"Atahualpa was commanded to present himself in Cuzco and warned that if he failed to obey...an
army would be sent to fetch him" (182). Now

Machu Picchu: The City in the Clouds
The discoverers of Machu Picchu were not even looking for Machu Picchu. They were hunting
down Vilcabamba, the last homeland of the Inca. They, ironically, were discouraged to discover that
Vilcabamba was not the city they had found. No, they had found something much greater. This
'wonder of the world' was a great achievement for the Inca. After centuries, Machu Picchu was
forgotten and hidden away in the clouds. Today, Machu Picchu is a recognizable landmark for the
Andes. Also, this city is a symbol of beauty. Machu Picchu is a majestic imperial estate seen by the
beautiful architecture, the interesting purposes, and the fascinating discovery. One of the Machu
Picchu's greatest features is the stunning architecture. Machu Picchu's structures were very
important to it with its purposes. One of Machu Picchu's structures was The Sun Temple, where the
advanced stonemasons of the Inca displayed their skills and also served as an observatory. Unlike
The Sun Temple, some temples of Machu Picchu were often used as religious sites. One structure,
that was not a temple, was used for religious purposes. This structure is called the inihuana and it
was a column of stone used by priests to make the sun keep staying after winter solstice. They were
afraid it would go after winter solstice. The construction of Machu Picchu was unblemished with its
flawless stonework. Machu Picchu's stonework was so defect less that you can't even slide a blade
through the cracks between the stonewalls.

Essay On The Inca Empire
Pushed
Most Empires have lasted more than a 100 years. The Roman Empire for example, lasted for 1500
years, however, this was not the case for the Inca Empire. The Incas started in a small area in Peru
and prospered to become one of the most influential agrarian civilizations (Mahiout, Khan, Karim –
Inca Empire). However, the Inca Empire was pushed to its fall by external forces such as disease
brought by outsiders like the Spanish conquistadors. Disease weakened the Empire and the
conquistadors took advantage of the already crumbling Inca Empire and fully destroyed it.
The Inca Empire's decline started when diseases such as smallpox, measles, chickenpox, and
influenza spread throughout the Empire, killing between 50% to 90% of the population ... Show
The civil war was inside the Empire and separated the Empire into sides but even after the war the
Empire still continued with only the side effect of being weaker so the fall of the Empire was caused
by the Spanish who pushed it to destruction. The civil war occurred due to the death of Sapa Inca,
Huayna Capac, and his oldest son. His son was supposed to be the next Sapa Inca but both father
and son died of smallpox (The Fall of the Inca Empire). Since there was no clear replacement to the
throne there were only two options: the legitimate son of the dead Sapa Inca called Huascar and his
half brother Atahualpa. Atahualpa was a better warrior and commander and was supported by his
supporters while Huascar was supported by the nobility. However, since Atahualpa was the son of
the Sapa Inca and his mistress he did not have authority to the throne. Nonetheless, Huascar initiated
a civil war that lasted five years and went up to 1532 which is when the Spanish invaded. Atahualpa
won since he was the greater warrior but his victory was short lived. The Spanish conquistadors
could not find any indestructible defiance due to the Empire being damaged by the long civil war
and disease and this gave them the opportunity to completely destroy the Empire. The Inca jumped
due to the civil war but their decline was due to the push of disease and the

Wayca Capac Summary
November ( 1524– 27 ) A land of wonders
Francisco Pizarro Made his first voyage to the new world in November
1524.
Pizarro's second voyage ( November 1526 to 1527) was much larger, with 160 men and several
horses carried in two ships.
April 1528 Puerto Pizarro
After spending seven months on Gorgon Island, Pizarro and his men set sail for Columbia and
Ecuador. They traveled down the mangrove coast. Here, they encountered more balsa rafts. The
Indians continued to sail the coast until they recognized there home town,
Tumbes. When the indigenous people saw the ship on the sea they were amazed. They prepared
foods for the Spaniards and sailed out to the ship to greet them.
Spring 1528 Death of the Inca
The Inca Governor at Tumbes sent his runners with all speed to the
Inca Wayna Capac. Who was near Quito resting after battle. The Inca
Wayna Capac was concerned about the outbreak of pestilence in the heart of his empire. The
outbreak of smallpox swept through his army taking out his trusted generals and catching the virus
himself. As
Wayna Capac's health worsened, he was asked to name his successor sources claim he choose his
son or his younger brother this decision led his empire to a bloody civil war.
Summer 1529 Audience with The King
Pizarro returned elated to Panama and there the partners formulated their plan of conquest. He then
took a ship to Spain looking for backers and royal approval. He was received a court by Charles V
and showed the king Peruvian

The Decline Of The Mayan, Aztec, And Inca Empires
The Decline of the Mayan, Aztec, and Inca Empires From 250 A.D. to the late 1500's A.D., three
civilizations, the Mayans, the Aztecs, and the Incas controlled Central and South America. Their
decline happened for many different reasons. The Spanish conquistadors was one of the most
common and deadliest, due to their advanced weapons and diseases they brought. It seems that
wherever the Spanish went, bad things always happened. Innocent people were killed for no reason,
cities were massacred and civilizations were destroyed. The Maya were known for their agriculture,
trade, science and religion. They had a complex writing system and developed a calendar from
observing the earths movements around the sun. One can't say that just one ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
First, the alliance the Conquistadors made with tribes that didn't like the Aztec's. Second, the
Spaniards had advanced weaponry and horses which the Aztec's didn't know about. Third,
geography played a role in their decline. The Spanish blocked causeways, bridges, and waterways.
This cut off water supply, causing the deaths of thousands of Aztecs. Lastly, I believe that disease
was a cause of the decline. When the Spaniards were cast out of the city, they left smallpox. "The
first epidemic of the disease swept through the city in 1520, killing Moctezuma's successor,
Cuitlahuac, within a matter of months" (McKay, et al., 2015). This killed off almost half of the
Aztec population. The Inca Empire began in 1438 and was conquered in 1532. After the death of
Huayna Capac, civil war erupted between his two sons over the succession of the throne. Eventually
Atahualpa imprisoned his brother and consolidated his rule in Cuzco. Francisco Pizarro came face to
face with each other. Atahualpa didn't want a battle, however, they each had different worldviews.
"In a surprise attack, the Spanish, with far superior weapons and the benefit of surprise, slaughtered
the Inca entourage, captured Atahualpa, and held the Inca ruler hostage" (Seaman, R., 2014). After
this, the Incas tried to resist, they Spanish were to strong and the Inca empire died out after the last
Inca ruler, Tupac Amaru was captured and executed.

Atahualpa Research Paper
In the 1500's in Peru, there was a king named Huayna (Wayna) Capac, the third Sapa Inca ruler, the
sixth of the Hanan dynasty, and the eleventh ruler of the Inca civilization. He appointed on of his
sons to rule after he died, but as Huayna died of small pox in 1528, so did his elected son, Ninan
Cuyuchi. Due to this sudden lack of leadership two of his other sons jumped into action to claim the
throne. One, the favored son, Atahualpa ruled in the north, and his older half brother, Huascar, ruled
in the south until it came to a full on civil war that lasted six years. In the end Atahualpa won the
war and killed his half brother, his family, historians, and destroyed the Incan Quipu records. This
was all done to create a sense of total renewal, and was called Pachakuti (turning over of time and
space). ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This split that was still present after Huascar's death left the empire weak and even more defenseless
to the Spanish. When Pizarro came upon the Inca Empire he lured Atahualpa to a celebratory dinner
in his honor, where Atahuapa brought 5,000 of his 80,000 soldiers. When Atahualpa arrived friar
Vincent de Valverde, tried to get Atahualpa to convert to Catholicism and support Charles the fifth.
Atahualpa refused angrily, giving the friar a reason to signal to his two hundred Spanish comrades to
attack Atahualpa and his men. This sudden and surprising attack with Spanish weapons the Incas
had never seen before left the Incas completely defenseless against the Spanish who killed all 5,000
of Atahualpa's men in one hour, without a single injury to any of the Spanish. The only Inca survivor
was Atahualpa himself, who Pizarro took captive as he recognized of how much value Atahualpa
was to the Incas. Once captive Atahualpa recognized the Spanish greed and bargained for his life.
He promised two rooms full of gold and silver in return for his

Inc A State Of Affluence Or Terror And Poverty?
Inca: A state of affluence or terror and poverty?
The fifteenth–century Inca civilisation was an imperial stratified society known for vastness of
civilisation in both people and land, evidence suggests six million to thirty–two million people were
assimilated into the empire. (Bodley 2011, 241) Amidst perspectives of Incan society dominated by
hegemony and totalitarianism, I believe the benefits of the Incan reciprocity system, mit'a, meant
citizens were generally happy to participate in the empire, despite its' hierarchical nature, as long as
their needs were met. The mit'a system's benefits ensured participation and patriotism, resulting in
growth and success of the empire. By utilising a holistic approach and cultural relativism, this essay
will argue the benefits of the mit'a economic system, redistribution, protection and retention of
ethnic identities allowed for specialisation and affluence in the Incan society.
Incas
Incan civilisation is prominently recognised for its' organisation and enormity. The imperial
stratified society developed from a small ethnic group in Cuzco, Peru in 1200 AD, to an expanding
empire through merging of pre–existing chiefdoms and domestic–scale tribes. (Bodley 2011, 244).
The Inca's victory over the Chancas, led by Incan king, Pachacutec, forced the overpowered state to
provide citizens to form the very first Incan army and establish Cuzco as the civilisation's centre.
(Benson, Hermsen and Baker 2005) The Incan Empire was headed by the

History Assessment Term 4
History Assessment Term 4 – Incan Empire Daily Life in the Inca Empire
Inca was a very large empire located in South America. It was the largest pre–Columbian America
Empire, at its height it had around 10 million people. The daily life of the Incas depended on their
place in the hierarchy that they called a class system. There were many different roles in the Inca
class system, some of them are: The Sapa (The Leader), The Villac Umu (chief Priest), Coya (The
Queen), farmers and many more however, these are the most important roles. The Sapa had a pretty
easy life, he was given the best foods, wore the best attire– being a hat made of gold, embroidered
tunic covered in jewels and slippers made of fur. (As seen in the image). The rest of the wealthy
people in the empire also got treated to some of the best food and also got to wear good attire, this
was made from baby alpaca fur called cumbi and llawt 'u which were a series of decorative cords
they wrapped around the head. The lowest ranking people of the Inca Empire got almost no food
and what they did get was very bad quality. They also wore poor quality clothing such, men wore
plain knee–length tunics, grass shoes made from leather, headbands, and the headdress worn by their
particular allyu. Women wore ankle length skirts, shoes made of grass and other garments
constructed from llama or alpaca wool. The daily life for a farmer looked like this: Wake up very
early, work hard all day until nightfall go back to your

Compare And Contrast The Inca And The Aztecs
Who were the Incas and the Aztecs? Who were the Spanish empire that was powerful? How did the
Incas and the Aztecs take a stand against the Spanish empire? The Incas were American Indian
people. They were originally a small trade located in the southern highlands of Peru. They built one
of the largest and most tightly controlled empire the world has ever known. They also did all of that
in less than a century. The basic unit of Inca society was the village, or the neighborhood. The
residents thought of each other as at least distantly related. The empire as a whole was divided into
four quarters with the capital, Cuzco at the center.and the Aztec empire flourished between c.1345
and 1521. The Aztec empire covered most of northern mesoamerica. ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The Spanish arrived to Aztec empire. The Aztec god Quetzalcoatl, whom they credited with the
creation of human was set to return to earth thinking that Cortes could be Quetzalcoatl. Cortés
entered the city the Spanish soldiers and the Tlaxcalans sacked it, while Cortés took Montezuma
hostage and ruled Tenochtitlán though him. While Cortés held Tenochtitlán thought Montezuma, a
Spanish force from Cuba landed on the coast of Mexico that had been sent by Diego Velasquez to
unseat Cortés. Cortes heard about this so he marched on the Spanish. Cortés defeated the Spanish
force but when he returned to Tenochtitlán he was met with shock. The Aztecs were in the midst of a
full rebellion so him and his men fled the city. Cortés regrouped and attacked Tenochtitlán in full
force in 1521. At the time the Aztecs no longer trusted Montezuma, they were short on food, and the
small pox epidemic was under way. More than 3 million Aztecs died from smallpox, and with such a
several weakened population, it was easy for the Spanish to take Tenochtitlán. The Aztecs were
strong and took a great stand against the Spanish even though they lost. They fought for their capital
even though there was a dangerous disease killing a lot of

Spanish Conquest Of The Americas
The Spanish Conquest of the Americas is an example of Dr.Jared Diamond's theory of guns germs
and steel. The Spanish Conquest of the Americas is an example of Dr.Jared Diamond's theory of
guns germs and steel because throughout the Spanish Conquest there was fights, deaths from
illnesses, manmade creations and more. Guns are all firearms anything using gunpowder to facilitate
projectiles, some examples are muskets, rifles, bombs, cannons and pistols. Germs are known as a
biological bacteria and viruses, which are an illness that spreads into episodic and even pandemic,
which kills thousands or a large number of a population's. Steel would be considered anything that is
technology, any example that use any steel metallurgy(carbon and iron) to ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Small pox then started weakening the entire Tenochtitlan city. During this time, "It was [the month
of] Tepeilhuitl when it began,and it spread over the people as great destruction. Some it quite
covered [with pustules] on all parts –– their faces, their heads, their breasts, etc. There was great
havoc. Very many died of it. They could not walk; they only lay in their resting places and beds.
They could not move; they could not stir; they could not change position, nor lie on one side, nor
face down, nor on their backs. And if they stirred, much did they cry out. Great was its destruction.
Covered,mantled with pustules, very many people died of them. And very many starved; there was
death from hunger, [for] none could take care of [the sick]; nothing could be done for them." (Aztec
Small Pox Pandemic 1520). In this document it is explaining step by step of what happened when
smallpox had occurred. This quote also has to do with Dr.Jared Diamond's theory of germs. This
quote has to do with Dr.Jared Diamond's theory of germs because in this quote it is talking about
germs which Dr.Jared Diamond says that germs are a biological disease or virus, like smallpox
which is epidemic and pandemic calling a whole city to die. Another quote that talks about germs is,
"At this time, this pestilence prevailed sixty days, sixty day signs. When it left,when it abated, when
there was recovery and the return of life, the plague had already moved toward Chalco, whereby
many were disabled –– not, however, completely crippled." (Aztec Small Pox Pandemic 1520). This
quote has to do with Dr.Jared Diamond's theory of germs because again it is a disease which kills a
whole population but it also is deadly. Small box weakened the entire population of everyone who
lived in Tenochtitlan. Cortez then returns with 900 Spanish soldiers and laid siege to

Francisco Pizarro Essay
Who is Francisco Pizarro
Conquistador is a term that defines the soldiers and explorers of the New World. There were many
conquistadors before the discovery of the New World. However, the most important and
unforgettable conquistador was born sometime in the 1470s. Francisco Pizarro Gonzalez, was the
Spanish conquistador who was the leader of the expedition of the Inca Empire. And behind this
expedition, there is a long story that defines a man and events that prove facts. So, who is Francisco
Pizarro? According to the facts, Francisco Pizarro was born in Trujillo, Spain. His date of birth is
unknown, but some say that it is some time in the 1470s, perhaps 1474. He was the illegitimate son
of infantry Colonel Gonzalo Pizarro, who was serving in Navarre and the Italian campaigns and his
mother was Francisca Gonzalez, who was a poor woman and she married late and had a son who is
Francisco Martin de Alcantara (The Most Evil Men In History – Francisco Pizarro,2012).
How his childhood plays a role in his achievement
Francisco Pizarro was uneducated and grew up illiterate. The reason behind that is maybe that he did
not grow ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Even though the Inca people trusted Pizarro and gave him all their money, gold and silver pieces
were they considered them as a part of their religion. The gold referred to the sun god, and the silver
referred to the moon god. As it was mentioned in Francisco Pizarro – Duckstersm, "The Inca
delivered the gold and silver, but Pizarro executed Atahualpa anyway" (Francisco Pizarro –
Duckstersm,n.d). He did what was in his mind. He killed more than 2000 men and captured more
than 5000 as well as Atahualpa who was a hostage. After taking what he wanted, he gave his men
what they deserve from the gold and then order to execute Atahualpa by garrote in such an evil way
in front of his people, and that proves how violent he was. (The Most Evil Men In History –
Francisco

Inca Emperor Huayna Capac's Second Heir
When Inca emperor Huayna Capac died of small box in 1527 without choosing a second heir after
his first choice Ninan Coyuchi also died of smallpox(Ancient History)Based off of the Inca family
tradition is that only the son of the Sapa Inca(Emperor)and the Coya, his legitimate wife, can
become the next Inca emperor after the death of his father(Minister). Due to this tradition Huascar,
whose blood was fully royal, and the rightful heir to the throne,but Huascar younger brother
Atahualpa, who was in control of the larger army and was far more popular than his half–brother did
not agree with that following this tradition(Inca Civil War). The brothers than made a compromise
Huascar got the major part of the empire, containing the capital Cusco, ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
One example is how Atahualpa started military training in 1515 when he was 13 as a rite–of–
passage. After passing he was given the name "Fortunate Warrior". His father than took him on a
military campaign in Ecuador to hold back a tribal rebellion(Valente). Due to Atahualpa's early start
he had the obvious military advantage if there was a civil war and as an emperor to help his tribe
gain more territory and defeat invaders.Another Example is how unlike his younger brother Huascar
represented opposite his brother Atahualpa.Huascar had always lived in Cuzco and while living
there surrounded by priests and nobles, while his father Huayna Capac ruled in Tomebamba and
educated his son Atahualpa.("Biography of Huascar"). Similarly to the quote of Atahualpa's military
advantage this quote shows in Huascars perspective of how little training in military that Huascar
had.Third, and example is how "Atahualpa had been commanding the army for years in the northern
territory of Ecuador(Valente)."This short quote explains that after Atahualpa's military campaign
with his father he gained even more experience by commanding the army which would againgo to
his advantage in the civil war and as an

The Incas Analysis
The Incas were first betrayed when Pizarro decided that he would invite whoever won the battle for
emperor to his camp to "congratulate" him. A man, who won the challenge name, was Atahualpa.
Atahualpa traveled to Pizarro's camp and was ambushed by a group of soldiers who attack him and
his men. Pizarro knew that the Incas had large supplies of gold and silver, so he maliciously told the
Incas that he would only release Atahualpa for a ransom of the metals and gold that would have
been worth about $100 million in present times. Pizarro evil plot deceived the Incas for more than
once throughout their history. The daily life of a person before the Spanish ruling in the Inca Empire
was full of honorable hard work. The only time we civilians were

Guns Germs And Steel
In Jared Diamonds book, Guns, Germs, and Steel, he outlines the major factors that have
contributed to both European colonization, and subsequent Indigenous defeats, as well as to
globalization. Specifically, I will be expanding on the factors that contributed to Fernando Pizarro's
miraculous, and somewhat unlikely defeat of the Incan emperor Atahualpa at the battle of
Cajamarca. Francisco Pizarro's defeat of the Incan Emperor Atahualpa with only 168 Spaniards
compared to an Incan army 500 times more numerous is seen historically as being a success by
Diamond. This success can be seen as being a conglomerate of different attributes rather than one
single reason. To begin, the Spanish's far superior technological advancements gave them a ... Show
In his book, Technology, Disease, and Colonial Conquests, Sixteenth to Eighteenth Centuries:
Essays Reappraising the Guns and Germs Theories, he argues that Cajamarca itself could be
considered more of a coup d'etat than an actual battle. As Raudzens explains, according to the
Spanish chronicler, Garcilo de la Vega, the "battle" was a diplomatic conference, where the guest
negotiators happened to turn on their hosts, when they were themselves most vulnerable. To
Raudzens, this "battle" seems to have proven nothing about the military power of the Spanish, but
rather of their nastiness over the Incas. Another point expanded on by Rautzens is the "Guns and
Germs" theory propagated by Diamond. To Rautzen, the technological implications of the battle
were a greater factor than that of disease, as disease did not directly impede on the battle itself. As
Garcilo de la Vega described about the battle, the Spanish's battle tactics consisted of cannon and
Gun fire, followed by a charge of 62 cavalry, and lastly completed with armored men on foot. To
Raudzen, many of these points are over–dramatized in many accounts. Both the horses, and the guns
of the Spanish inhibited a large shock effect among the Inca, but their guns could only fire once and
were few. As for the horses, the majority of the fighting was taking place in an urban setting, which
limited their maneuvering ability. Also the Incas did possess body armor, though it was not up to par
with that of the Spanish's steel.He also agrees with most scholars, (e.g. Diamond, Ibid, Hyman and
Orish) in that the majority of the fighting took place with swords. He ends by suggesting that rather
than Pizarro's victory being one of a technological sort, it was one in which was more marginal than

Major Causes Of The IncaEmpire, And Their Power
Before the 15th Century, states and empires expanded because they wanted land, wealth, and
security. This was still the case in the 15th Century. States and empires continued to expand as they
wanted to be powerful. An empire that was prospering during this time was the Mongols. The
Mongols were an empire that conquered ruthlessly through slaughter and harsh laws. However, they
established their authority and kept their power for a long time. In the 15th Century, the empire of
the Inca established their authority and consolidated their power in many ways. A major cause that
helped the Inca establish their authority was conquering through military expansion by different
rulers. A major cause that helped the Inca consolidate their power was by an effective bureaucracy.
A minor cause that helped the Inca consolidate their power was that they had requirements for their
conquered people however they weren't oppressive. One major cause that helped the Inca
established their power was by conquering through military expansion by different rulers. In 1438,
the son of a tribal ruler conquered the Chanca people. He gave himself the title of Pachacuti. After
he died, his son Yupanqui took control in 1471 and expanded. He conquered the state of Chimu.
Soon, his successor Huayna Capac became ruler. This effected the rulers as they had a tradition of
successors. It began a tradition of expanding the empire more after the last ruler. Each ruler tried
building of what the predecessors had

Who Is Responsible For The Inca's Downfall
The Incas worshiped many Gods.Their Sun God was Marco Capae. Huascar, their 12th God. They
had 3 realms, 1 of them is Hana Pacha. She was the celestial realm in the sky. Uku Pacha was a
realm and he was the inner Earth. Lastly, Cay Pacha is the outer Earth where humans live.
The Incas formed a government. Their government was organized and they ruled with a monarchy.
Their king had plenty of work to do. He controlled politics, society, food stores, and commander in
chief of the Army. The king, in my opinion, had an awkward and busy life. He could marry his own
sister, wore silver shoes on his feet, and drank out of gold and silver cups.
Creatively, the Incas achieved many things. Their inventions was their most popular thing. In fact, ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Inca empire was executed and that lead to all the Incas dieing because a man and his army
killed all of them. Pizarro was born in Spain, 1474.Pizarro killed the Inca empire and the other Incas
didn't know what to do. Pizarro was later assassinated on June, 1541.
The Incas traded for lots of things. In fact, they traded materials for roads and bridges and in trade
they got gold, silver, and coca leaf. Their most famous bridge is called The Inca Bridge, simple
right. Its also made of woven grass. One of their famous roads are up a mountain.
The Inca daily life was sort of difficult. If they lived on a mountain, their houses were made of stone
with a built in oven and a pile of mud in the middle of the room. If they lived on the coast, their
houses were made of adobe, cane, and reed. If they lived on plain old land, their houses had no
windows, dark, and was rectangular. It was required to be married. Dishonesty had little opportunity.
It would be awkward because men were able to have more than one wife. Chimu Artisans and local
leaders were able to wear jewelry. Their diet included mostly vegetables and little meat. With their
diet, they only had two meals a day. They had lots of fruit such as sour cherries, custard apples,
elderberries, cactus fruits, pineapple, and a lot of different bananas. Since they didn't eat a lot of
meat, the only ate guinea pig, llama, dog, or duck meat. The peasants ate outside and only ate
common fruit and llama. Even though everyone ate outside, it was disrespectful to eat inside. To end
this paragraph, as the Incas always said "Don't steal, don't lie, don't be

The Rise, Fall And Religion Of The Inca Empire Essay

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

More from Adriana Wilson

More from Adriana Wilson (20)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

The Rise, Fall And Religion Of The Inca Empire Essay