smart parking lot (DE report with AEIOU sheet photos & mind mapping)

GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
Chandkheda, Ahmadabad
Affiliated
Silver Oak College of Engineering and Technology
A
Project Report
On
SMART CAR PARKING LOT
Under subject of
DESIGN ENGINEERING – IIB
B. E. III (3rd) year, Semester – VI
MECHANICAL
Submitted by:
Group:
Sr. Name Enrollment No.
1 Patel Achal 150773119033
2 Patel Jay 150773119043
3 Patel Bony 140770119161
4 Patel Hemal 150773119041
Prof. Roshni Kapadiya
(Faculty Guide)
Prof. Mit Shah
Head of the Department
Academic year
(2017-2018)

SILVER OAK COLLAGE OF ENGINEERING AND
TECHNOLOGY
Department of Mechanical Engineering
2017– 2018
CERTIFICATE
Date:13/06/2017
This is to certify that the Design Engineering – 1B. Work entitled
“SMART CAR PARKING LOT”
, carried out by the group of students mentioned below under my guidance is
approved for the Degree ofBachelorofEngineering in MechanicalEngineering
(Semester - V) of Gujarat Technological University, Ahmedabad during the
academic year 2016-17.
List of Students:-
1. PatelAchal (150773119033)
2. PatelJay (150773119043)
3.PatelBony(1400770119161)
4.PatelHemal(150773119041)

Contents
Sr. No. Title Page No.
1 Introduction I
1.1 Introduction about project 4
1.2 Student Details 5
1.3 Design Thinking 6
2 Empathy Mapping II
2.1 Observation through AEIOU Framework 7
2.2 Role playing 10
2.3 Mind mapping 11
2.4 AEIOU summary 11
2.5 Empathy mapping canvas 13
3 Secondary Research III
4 Ideation Canvas IV
4.1 People 19
4.2 Activity 20
4.3 Situation/Context/location 20
4.4 Props/Possible solutions 21
5 Product Development Canvas V
5.1 Purpose 22
5.2 People 22
5.3 Product Experience 23
5.4 Product Functions 23
5.5 Product Features 23
5.6 Components 23
5.7 Customer Revalidation
5.8 Reject/ Redesign/ Retain
23
24
6 Design VI
6.1 Calculation 25
6.2 CAD model 29
6.3 Cost 30
6.4 Ergonomics 30
7 Reference VII

List of fig:
SR NO. FIGURES PAGE
2.1 AEIOU Canvas 7
2.3 Mind MAPPING 11
2.4 Empathy summary 12
2.5 Empathy mapping 13
3.1 Electro hydraulics 17
4.1 Automaticelectro Hydrauliccable
Lift
19
5.1 Stack parking system 22
5.2 Puzzle type car parking system 29
6.1 Level car parking system
6.2 Tower type car parking system
7.1 Roller Gate
7.2 Turning Device
8.1 System-Relevant Corrosion
Protection

Chapter 1- Introduction
1.1 Introduction:
- There are two types of car parking systems: traditional and automated. In the long term, automated
car parking systems are likely to be more cost effective when compared to traditional parking
garages. Automatic multi-storey automated car park systems are less expensive per parking slot,
since they tend to require less building volume and less ground area than a conventional facility
with the same capacity. Both automated car parking systems and automated parking garage systems
reduce pollution cars are not running or circling around while drivers look for parking spaces.
- Normally we can see in the multiplexes, cinema halls, large industries, and function halls there is
problem they have to go and search which line is empty and which line having place to park the
vehicle, for parking then they need workers for parking in correct position it is the money consumed
process. So to avoid this problem Automatic Car Parking System is implemented.
- This system is used in big companies, apartments, shopping malls. By using this system any
number of cars can be parked floor after floor to reduce the wastage of area. This is developed by
using 8051 microcontroller.
- An automated (car) parking system (APS) is a mechanical system designed to minimize the area
and/or volume required for parking cars. Like a multi-story parking garage, an APS provides
parking for cars on multiple levels stacked vertically to maximize the number of parking
spaces while minimizing land usage. The APS, however, utilizes a mechanical system to transport
cars to and from parking spaces (rather than the driver) in order to eliminate much of the space
wasted in a multi-story parking garage. While a multi-story parking garage is similar to
multiple parking lots stacked vertically, an APS is more similar to an automated storage and
retrieval system for cars. The paternoster (shown animated at the right) is an example of one of the
earliest and most common types of APS.
- APS are also generically known by a variety of other names, including: automated parking
facility (APF), automated vehicle storage and retrieval system (AVSRS), car parking
system, mechanical parking, and robotic parking garage.

1.2 Student Details
TEAM :
Name of the team: Tech radar
Patel Achal :
Designing and writing work was done by him. With his creative and purposeful thinking our group
has been able to complete the project in time. As we talk about technical detailing of project, he
helped so much with his awesome practical knowledge. Main contribution in mind map as well
as product development canvas. He helped in creating and placing of canvas detailing and images.
Email id: achalpatel2@gmail.com
Contact No.: 9558004560
Patel Jay :
With his fantastic skills of creations of ideas he supported the group in selecting the topic as well
as to explore more about this topic. Not only had he developed the idea also he gave support to the
designing part of the project. With his excellent presence of mind he helped co workers in there
ideation
Email id: pjay4010@gmail.com
Contact No.: 9558289794
Patel Bony :
He was the main designer of the project as well as he took very active part in creating our product.
He gave his drawing expertise to the project in a way that the project reached a different level of
creativity. He was full of knowledge about this topic which makes him a perfect member to be
chosen in the group. He managed the dates and places for working of group to make this project.
Email id: bonypatel95@gmail.com
Contact No.: 9427326598
Patel Hemal:
The idea of project and product was initiated by him. He was the member who has the confidence
about the success of this project. He helped as much as possible in the ideation .
Email id: hemalpatel9007@gmail.com
Contact No.: 8460073532

1.3 Design Thinking:
-Design thinking is a formal method for practical, creative resolution of problems and creation of
solutions, with the intent of an improved future result.
-In this regard it is a form of solution-based or solution-focused thinking – starting with a goal (a better
future situation) instead of solving a specific problem.
By considering both present and future conditions and parameters of the problem, alternative solutions
may be explored simultaneously.
Explanation: design thinking is an approach that allows an individual to analyze a problem in the
present and think its practical solution that will reduce or rejects the problem in the present as well as
the future.
-It is different from scientific thinking in a way as scientific thinking includes assuming all parameters
and then thinking for a solution of the created situation with all the parameters predefined.
On the other hand design thinking creates a solution to the existing problems with all the parameters
at their natural values.
This is a better option as it includes natural thinking and not the predefined one so design thinking is
largely adopted in surrounding for human solutions.
Design thinking is a formal method for practical, creative resolution of problems and creation of
solutions, with the intent of an improved future result. In this regard it is a form of solution-based, or
solution-focused thinking – starting with a goal (a better future situation) instead of solving a specific
problem.
By considering both present and future conditions and parameters of the problem, alternative solutions
may be explored simultaneously. Unlike analytical thinking, design thinking is a process which
includes the "building up" of ideas, with few, or no, limits on breadth during a "brainstorming" phase.

Chapter 2- Empathy Mapping
FIG. 2.1 AEIOU Observation
2.1 Observationthrough AEIOU and other methods:
Understanding the problem of socitey it is one of the biggest challenges for engineering student as till
now we were making projects on imaginary ideas. So the first session was based on understanding the
domain of the problem in broader sense with emphasized on interacting with the people of our domain
area which includes more of casual talks than technical section. We were mostly observing what are
the major of the basic problems of the peoples in our domain.
The area our domain was steering system ,as we know there are number of peoples are present for
their different purpose or reasons or duties all of them are from different backgrounds and have to
perform different functions or utilize the space in different way. As in our first Canvas of activities we
have observed the following activities
In this stage, we find the various users which are directly or indirectly related to our project.

for example: Shopping malls, Multiplex, Hospitals, Residential Purpose, Educational Area,
Religious Area
Activities of users:
Remotee site Monitering
Control & Electrical
Automatic Adjust the Vechicles wheel base
Environment:
Noice Control
Poluction Control
Rode side parking
Interactions:
Regular Workers
Customers
Businessmen
Shopkeeper
Objects:
Transportation Vechicles
Light Weight Vechicles
Users:
Shopkeeper
Visitors
Customers
Businessmen

2.3 Mind mapping:
Then we had used coggle for our mind mapping. It provides a great platform to make a mind map
which can be used for easy analysis .The snapshot of our coggle sheet is below.
FIG 2.3 Mind Mapping
2.4 Learning Needs Matrix
FIG.2.4 Learning Needs Matrix

2.5 Empathy mapping canvas:
FIG.2.5 Empathy Mapping
User :
Shopkeeper
Visitors
Custmors
Businessmen
Activities:

Story boarding:
HAPPY
- Jay is going hospital in an emergancy & he will park his car at the automatic parking so he will
save his time & safely park his car.
HAPPY
- Achal is going to watch movie & park his car in automatic car parking so he will save his time
& save his money.
SAD
- One day bony is going for some shopping & he want to park his car safely but parking space is
not available at that area. So bony park his car on footpath & police toing vehicle tow his car &
fine to his.
SAD
- When there is no parking space available in any area then the trafic was generated & everybody
stuck in traffic.

chapter 4- Ideation Canvas
FIG.4.1 Ideation canvas
We started with ideation Canvas where. First we started with peoples ,where we simply thought about
the peoples of for whom we want to solve the problem .
People:
Save Large Space
Safe Parking
Secure Vehicles
Save Time
Activities:
Situation/Context/Location:
Props/Possible solutions:

Chapter 5- Product Development Canvas
FIG.5.1. Product Development
PURPOSE:
Save Large Space
Safe Parking
Secure Vehicles
Save Time
PEOPLE:
Shopkeeper
Visitors
Custmors
Businessmen
Product Functions:
Minimum electricity required
Minimum power consume
Ventilation required

Product Features:
Control management system
Security system
Automatic system
247 cctv
Save time & space
Components
Rack & pinion gears
Dc moters
Spring, roller
Hydraulic system
elivator
Customer Revalidation
fully satisfied
Reject/Redesign/Retain:
CAR LIFT
There are many kinds of car litts some of are defined as:
1. Electro hydraulics
2. This particular system is used for lifting
distances of up to 6 meters(19 8") or
less. Preffered when there is not enough room
for side posts to elevate with 4 post mechanical
lifts or the cable lifts. Requires a pit of 10 cm
up to 150 cm depending on the travel
distance. Plese contact for quotes and more...
FIG 6.1.Electro hydraulics

3. Full Automaticelectro Hydrauliccable Lift
FIG 6.2 Full Automaticelectro Hydrauliccable Lift
This is the most popular type for car lifting requirements especially for architectural projects
where car parking has been designed within the basement floors of the buildings or old buildings
rennovated with car parkings re-designed to be above or below the street level. Available for
lifting distances of up to 40 meters(130 feet)
System is good for elevatons up to only 3.5 meters(l I'6"). This is an economical type of vehicle
lifting: The drawback of the system is that it requires 4 posts and lifting speed is relatively slow
due to its mechanical working principle. Technical Specs: Lifting speed: cm/sec sec elevator
cabin: DKP steel DIABAR model Cabin Gate WITTUR full automatic, central Floor Gates
WITTUR full automatic, central 4 panel Floor Gate Dimensions: 2300hx3000w mm. Control
Panel: PROKONT-WEBER, emin micro processor Control installation LAPP KABEL or
DRAKA Cabin control buttons: micro touch buton floor control buttons: micro touch buton
Emergency control: 12 emergency and hand pump

OTHER TYPE CAR LIFTING SYSTEM
1. Stackertype carparking system
Stackers are aimed to double the parking space above ground / basement type parking.
7.1 Stack Parking System
2. Puzzle type car parking system
- Independent parking The top layer pallets can move
up and down lower layer pallets can move either left to
right or up and down. Max time to retrive cars is 60 sec
with 2& 3 high systems and 90 sec with 4& 5 High
systems PLC control. easy operation, push button
lifting with chain at 2& 3 highs and steel cables at
4& 5 High systems Built in drop protection, prevents
failure and accidents. photoelectric checking system
which controls vehicle size Emergency stop pushbutton
Steel construction with complete galvanization Safe
operation, low maintenance

7.2 Puzzle type car parking system
3.Leveltype car parking system
Level is used where space is a big constraint. There is only one Entry/Exit point located at
ground level. Cars are normally parked on the platforms below ground in upto 5 levels. In special
conditions platforms can be at upper level also. An elevator carrying a platform carries the car
from Entry level to parking platform level or in reverse way. Platforms slide to left or right
depending on less retrieval/parking time. There is another elevator that facilitates the movement
of platforms to park or retrieve the cars.

7.3 Level type car parking system
4.Rotarytype car parking system
This Unique Automated Mechanical Parking is designed to permit up to a maximum of 12 cars
or 10 SUV's to be parked easily and safely, on the surface area required to park 2 cars.
It is simple to operate with the Driver parking and leaving the vehicle in the system at ground
level. Once the driver leaves the incorporated safety zone the vehicle is automatically parked by
the system rotating to lift the parked car away from the bottom central position. This leaves an
empty parking space available at ground level, for the next car to be parked on.
The parked car is easily retrieved by pushing the button for the relevant position number the car
is parked on. This causes the required car to rotate down to ground level ready for the driver to
enter the safety zone and reverse the car out of the system.

7.4 Rotary type car parking system
5.Towertype car parking system
This system features a lift which is electromechanically operated. At the loading point as per
the design the lift shall receive the car and then travels to the respective location of the
parking slot. It parks the car to the parking slot. This system can design with pallet or without
pallet.This system is preferable for 30 to 40 cars. At three cars space, effective utilization of
space and height.
7.5 Tower type car parking system

Roller Gate
8.1 Roller Gate
Turning Device
8.2 Turning Device
20 min.280 35
40
270
400

Corrosion Protection Parking Platform/Turntable
– Driving Metal Sheets (Parking Platform 501, 503) And Cover Plates
Hot-dippedgalvanised as per DIN EN ISO 1461 with approx. 45µm zinc layer.
– SidePanels
Hot-dippedgalvanised as per DIN EN ISO 1461 with approx. 55µm zinc layer.
– Frame
Hot-dipped galvanised as per DIN EN 10326with 275g/sqm
– Cross Beam
Partially hot-dipped galvanised as per DIN EN 10326with 275
g/sqm, approx. 20 µm zinc layer, partially hot-dipped
galvanised as per DIN EN ISO 1461 with approx. 55µm zinc
layer.
– Screws, Washer And Nuts For The Installation Of The Driving Metal Sheets
Sheet mounting for the sidepanels of self-channelling screws,
zinc multi-disc coating, approx. 12–15µm layer thickness.
Wahers and nuts electrolytically galvanised as perDIN 50961,
approx. 5–8 µm zinc layer.
System-Relevant Corrosion Protection
8.3 System-Relevant Corrosion Protection

Chapter 6: Designdata/ Calculation
- Design of lift components:- Design of pallet:-
The first component of lift is the pallet on which vehicle is placed. The design of pallet is
done by referring following procedure.
- Selection of chain:- Total pulling force required Ft = 9879.4 N For this application suitable
chain is Chain No.Q16003 of 1" pitch having breaking strength = 22500 N. Factor of safety
for chain = Breaking strength of chain Pulling force acting on chain = 22500 2496.85 = 9.12
Selection of gear box and selection of motor:- Motor for this required application = 5.5 kw
Factor of safety = Selected motor power requred power = 5.5 4.52 = 1.22
- From gear box and motor catalogue following gearbox and motor is selected.
- Design the frame of turntable:- The following figure shows the cross-section of turn table at
which chain is passing through frame; Loading condition for turn table frame „C‟ channel
along length
DesignProcedure for Pinion
P = Power transmitted in watts
v = Pitch line velocity in m / s
D = Pitch circle diameter in meters
N = Speed in r.p.m., and
Nf = Service factor.
Apply the Lewis equation as follows
Ø =20º full Depth
No. of teeth on Pinion = Zp= 16
No. of teeth on Rack = Zr = 48
Pinion and Rack Gear are made from cast iron σ =233MPa
Surface hardness = 300 BHN
Speed of Pinion = 60 rpm

Beam Strength of pinion teeth
Fb = Permissible tangential tooth load in newtons
σ = Pinion and Rack Gear are made from cast iron = 233MPa
b = Face Width = 12 mm
m = module = 4
Fb =b x m x 0.305 x σ
= 233 x 12 x 4 x 0.305
= 3411.12 N
Permissible tangential tooth load in newtons = 3411.12 N
Wear Strength of pinion teeth
= 4 x 16
= 64 mm
Q = 2
K = 0.16[ BHN/100]2
= 0.16[300/100]2
K = 1.44 N/mm2
Fw = 64 x b x Q x K
= 64 x 12 x 2 x 1.44
Fw = 2211.84 N
Wear Strength of pinion teeth = 2211.84 N
Maximum static load that gear can transmit:
For carefully cut gear
Kv = 2.23
Fw=1 x 0.45 x Ft
2211.84 = 1 x 0.45 x Ft
Ft = 4915.2 N
Power require to transmit the gear:
P = Ft x V
= 4915.2 x0.2
P = 983.04 w

Cost and Ergonomics
The direct comparison of costs between an APS and a multi-story parking garage can be
complicated by many variables such as capacity, land costs, area shape, number and location of
entrances and exits, land usage, local codes and regulations, parking fees, location, and aesthetic
and environmental requirements.
Application Type
Parking
Spaces
Sq Ft per
Space
Building
Cost
Cost per
Space
Freestanding Above
Grade
Parking
Garage
200 320 $3,200,000 $16,000
APS 200 225 $5,225,000 $26,125
Below Building Above
Grade
Parking
Garage
200 450 $6,750,000 $33,750
APS 200 225 $6,125,000 $30,625
Below Building Below
Grade
Parking
Garage
200 450 $9,450,000 $47,250
APS 200 225 $7,025,000 $35,125
Mild steel: 60 Rs/Kg
SS304: 300 Rs/Kg
Copper: 393 Rs/Kg
Aluminium: 124 Rs/Kg

References
- https://www.nbmcw.com/car-parking/24450-multilevel-car-parking-systems.html
-
- Patrascu, Daniel (2010), "How Automated Parking Systems Work", Autoevolution,
retrieved 2012-11-16
- Beebe, Richard S. (2001), Automated Parking: Status in the United States (PDF),
archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-06-17, retrieved 2012-11-15
- http://www.parkpiu.it/automatic-parking-
system?gclid=CjwKEAjw9_jJBRCXycSarr3csWcSJABthk07NzlwTy_KQmO9Syux1PD
-2aId69lAZBDKyLQTZTygdBoCCb_w_wcB
- http://www.mgsarchitecture.in/articles/car-parking/221-multilevel-car-parking-
systems.html
- http://www.i-stron.com/
http://www.rrparkon.com/index.php
- http://www.woehr.de/en/multiparker.html
- http://www.woehr.de/en/product/multiparker-750.html
- http://www.siegerparking.com/parking-products.php

smart parking lot (DE report with AEIOU sheet photos & mind mapping)

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smart parking lot (DE report with AEIOU sheet photos & mind mapping)