The location of the current project is in the peri-urban areas of the Mumbai Metropolitan Region. As per the Regional Plan 2016-36, the region has 32% of its land under urbanization, and the rest 68% of the land is under forests, mangroves, mudflats, intertidal zones, and plantation zones (Appendix 3). There are numerous farming, fishing, and tribal communities whose livelihoods depend on these zones' immediate natural environment. In many cases, these communities locate themselves around water bodies that form their primary source of water. However, due to increasing urbanization in the periphery, these villages' resources are under pressure due to the migrant population that serves the upcoming townships. These existing villages, in such cases, become the places for the arrival of such migrants.
In the absence of any structured water and sanitation system, in these villages, any rapid increase in population leads to untreated sewage, wastewater, and solid waste, polluting the groundwater table. The municipalities in the periphery of the region that struggle to provide infrastructure to these new townships do not have any resources to implement centralized water and sanitation solutions for these villages. In some cases, they focus on existing water bodies and build concrete edges with walkways and manicured gardens in the name of beautification. It leads to a loss of riparian biodiversity, storm-water interception, and microclimatic disruptions by creating heat islands apart from affecting communities whose livelihoods were often dependent on these lakes.
Thus the proposal innovation is to design a passive decentralized wastewater, sewage, and solid-waste system managed by the inhabitants of these villages and integrate them with the surrounding ecosystem. SPARC and community-based organizations would build the communities' capacity and make a plan to treat the wastewater and sewage that would receive a primary anaerobic treatment through reed beds. The villagers could then use the nutrient-rich water in the surrounding lake and the agricultural fields that they own.
Thus, this project will impact the place's micro-climate by protecting biodiversity, reducing emission, pollution, and flooding, and augmenting livelihoods. Scaling such a project through similar villages in the metropolitan region can have a meaningful impact on protecting vulnerable communities from climate change brought about by unplanned urbanization. For this stage, the proposal is to map habitations with lakes in the region, create federations where possible, and develop a plan for a demonstration to submit to Mumbai Metropolitan Region Development Authority (MMRDA) to further invest in such projects.
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Closing the loop
1.
2. Land Use Map of MMRDA
Region 2016
Source โ MMRDA Regional Plan
Urbanizable Zone
Industrial Zone
Forest Zone
Green Zone
Legend
32 % of MMR is urbanized
and the remaining falls
under forests, mangrove
fields, salt pans and fish
farms, lakes and river
systems etc.
This area has numerous
inland waterbodies with
vulnerable communities.
3. Methodology (refer to Simplified Reporting Format Annex B2)
Source - SPARC
1. Sanitation Improvement Plan for
Aya Nagar,Delhi
2. Decentralized Ur
3. East Kolkata Wetlands and the
study by Dhrubhajyoti Ghosh
Verification on site through site visits of Inland
waterbodies
Meetings/Engaging with local communities /
organizations/federations for the discussion of project
about the waterbodies in their respective
settlements.
Procuring base map from MMRDA
1 .Georeferencing the same and extracting the waterbodies in vector format.
Creating an attribute structure for categorizing the waterbodies.
Locating missing waterbodies. Using remote sensing
techniques to locate additional waterbodies which
need to be included as per the present nature of study
Done by individual user
manually
Reorganising data obtained through site visit
Ground truthing exercise.
The waterbodies were visually documented
through different parameters.
Through our research we have been able to identify 3 best
practices which are relevant to our context of waterbodies and
vulnerable settlements in very close proximity with each other.
Activity 1
Activity 1
Activity 2
Activity 1
Activity 1
Activity 3
Activity 1
12. Type 1: Vulnerable
settlement touching the
soft edge of waterbody
Type 2:Settlement separated
from the hard/soft edge of
the waterbody by a
road/pathway/public space
Type 3 : Waterbody having
a hard edge and
landscaped public space
around it and is separated
from the settlement by a
road
Type 4 : Private bungalow
plots abutting the waterbody
and either road or landscaped
area around it.
Typologies observed on site
Source - SPARC
36. GavJyothi
Pada The
Water
Points
Sr.
No. Water source type Location TDS
Depth
(Meter)
SWL
(Meter)
Dia
meter
Ground
Level Use Access
1
Dug Well - Community
well Infront of Lake 302ppm 8 1.6 2.9 0.85
Non Drinking
use
With in
Community
2
Handpump- Community
Handpump 1 Infront of Lake 509ppm 0 0 0 0
Non Drinking
use
With in
Community
3
Handpump- Community
Handpump 2
Outside of
Community 912ppm 0 0 0 0
Non Drinking
use
With in
Community
4
Dug well- Private well -
Patil Near outlet of Lake 170ppm 5.2 1.3 7.4 0
Non Drinking
use Near community
5 Dugwell - Private well
Infront of Sandor
Church
220ppm 6.1 1.18 3.6 0.5
Drinking
water source
for Gavjyoti
pada
2km from
Community
Gavjyoti Water Resource - Water quality
Source - SPARC
51. Waste-Water
Solid Waste
Sewage
Water
Reusable Water rich in nutrients
Food
Bio-mass
Construction
Material
Consumption
Good
GavJyothi Pada
The Metabolism
Closing Loops
Use of Nature
Based
Solutions
The Settlement
