Presentation of Water jet Machining

1. In the name of Allah,
the beneficent the
merciful

2. Water Jet Machining Cutting &
Welding
Shahzaib HussainShahzaib Hussain
13 – MT - 2613 – MT - 26
Department of MechanicalDepartment of Mechanical
Engineering TechnologyEngineering Technology

3. Outline
 IntroductionIntroduction
 Working principleWorking principle
 WorkingWorking
 Main PartsMain Parts
 Cutting MaterialsCutting Materials
 AdvantagesAdvantages
 DisadvantagesDisadvantages
 ApplicationsApplications
 DifferenceDifference

4. INTRODUCTION
Process in which mechanical energy ofProcess in which mechanical energy of
water is used for removing material.water is used for removing material.
 Process work on the principle of erosionProcess work on the principle of erosion
effects.effects.
Fastest growing machining processFastest growing machining process
Method of cutting materials using a waterjetMethod of cutting materials using a waterjet
i.e. cutting tooli.e. cutting tool
Used during fabrication of machine parts.Used during fabrication of machine parts.

5. Water Jet cutting MachineWater Jet cutting Machine
(b) A computer-controlled, water-jet cutting machine
cutting a granite plate.

6. • Process works on the principle of erosionProcess works on the principle of erosion
effect of a high velocity & small diametereffect of a high velocity & small diameter
of water jet.of water jet.
• Also this process works -Also this process works -
At jet velocity as high as-900m/sAt jet velocity as high as-900m/s
At pressure as low as (69-200Mpa) &At pressure as low as (69-200Mpa) &
At Inner dia. of nozzle – (0.07-0.5mm)At Inner dia. of nozzle – (0.07-0.5mm)
Working principle

7. Erosion
• In science, erosion is the action of surface
processes (such as water flow or wind) that
remove soil, rock, or dissolved material
from one location on the Earth's crust, then
transport it away to another location.

8. Working

9. Operation
• All waterjets follow the same principle of using high pressure water focused
into a beam by a nozzle. There are two types of pumps used to create this
high pressure; an intensifier pump and a direct drive or crankshaft pump. A
direct drive pump works much like a car engine, forcing water through high
pressure tubing using plungers attached to a crank shaft. An intensifier pump
creates pressure by using hydraulic oil to move a piston forcing the water
through a tiny hole. The water then travels along the high pressure tubing to
the nozzle of the waterjet . In the nozzle, the water is focused into a thin beam
by a jewel orifice. This beam of water is ejected from the nozzle, cutting
through the material by spraying it with the jet of high-speed water. The
process is forced to cutout the end at high pressure

10. Main parts
IntensifierIntensifier
AccumulatorAccumulator
Hydraulic PumpHydraulic Pump
ValveValve
Water jet nozzleWater jet nozzle
 Motion ControllerMotion Controller

11. ACCUMULATOR
• Maintains the continuous flow of the high-Maintains the continuous flow of the high-
pressure water and eliminates pressurepressure water and eliminates pressure
fluctuations.fluctuations.

12. INTENSIFIER
 Accepts the water at low pressure(typically 4 bar) and expels it,
through an accumulator, at higher pressures of 3800 bar.
 The intensifier converts the energy from the low-pressure hydraulic
fluid into ultrahigh-pressure water.

13. HYDRAULIC PUMP
 Powered from a 30 kilowatt (kW) electric motor
 Supplies oil at pressures as high as 117 bars.
 The hydraulic pump offers complete flexibility for water jet cutting and
cleaning applications.
 It also supports single or multiple cutting stations for increased
machining productivity.

14. Valve
A valve is a device that regulates,
directs or controls the flow of a fluid
by opening, closing.

15. Motion Control
An example water jet cutter
application using Baldor motion
control equipment. ... Onboard
analog and digital I/O allow full
control of the water jet.

16. Process performance
No requirement of predrilled holeNo requirement of predrilled hole
Too thick material can be cutToo thick material can be cut
Machined surface have-Machined surface have-
-No burrs ,-No burrs ,
-No thermal damage &-No thermal damage &
-A good surface finish-A good surface finish

17. CUTTING
 WJM is limited to fibreglass and corrugated wood.
 Figure shows typical example of water jet cutting of water jet
cutting of marble and application in the food industry.
DRILLING
The process drills precision-angled and -shaped holes in a
variety of materials for which other processes such as EDM or
EBM are too expensive or too slow.

18. Cutting materials
Fig:- A water jet cutting aFig:- A water jet cutting a
metal toolmetal tool
 Materials commonly cutMaterials commonly cut
with a water jet includewith a water jet include
rubber, foam, plastics,rubber, foam, plastics,
leather, composites, stone,leather, composites, stone,
tile, metals, food, paper andtile, metals, food, paper and
much more.much more.
 Materials that cannot be cutMaterials that cannot be cut
with a water jet arewith a water jet are
tempered glass, diamondstempered glass, diamonds
and certain ceramics.and certain ceramics.

19. Advantages
No HAZNo HAZ
Process is saferProcess is safer
Pollution free processPollution free process
Cheaper than other processes.Cheaper than other processes.
No need for re sharpening tools.No need for re sharpening tools.

20. Disadvantages
Accuracy is poor (0.07mm)Accuracy is poor (0.07mm)
Nozzle life is shortNozzle life is short
 very thick parts can not be cutvery thick parts can not be cut
not suitable to cut brittle materialnot suitable to cut brittle material

21. Food preparationFood preparation
Cutting asbestosCutting asbestos
Mostly usedMostly used
In shoe making industryIn shoe making industry
To cut lower strength materialsTo cut lower strength materials
Applications

22. (printed wire board)
WJM Examples

23. Waterjets v/s Lasers
After laser cutting
After waterjet cutting
Waterjets are safer.
 simpler Maintenance
Waterjets do not heat
your part material.
 waterjets can machine
many materials that lasers
cannot.

24. Parts Made by WJM
Samples of parts various nonmetallic parts

25. 1 Piece price
US $25000-27000

26. •Thank YouThank You