Social determinants of wellbeing in early adolescence
•Download as PPT, PDF•
1 like•325 views
Presentation from Professor Jo Boyden (Young Lives Director) and Dr Renu Singh (Young Lives India Country Director) at the International Association for Adolescent Health's 11th World Congress in New Delhi, 26th October 2017
Recommended
More Related Content
What's hot
What's hot (20)
Similar to Social determinants of wellbeing in early adolescence
Similar to Social determinants of wellbeing in early adolescence (20)
More from Young Lives Oxford
More from Young Lives Oxford (20)
Recently uploaded
Recently uploaded (20)
Social determinants of wellbeing in early adolescence
- 1. Social determinants of wellbeing in early adolescence Young Lives in India Professor Jo Boyden, University of Oxford Dr Renu Singh, Young Lives India @yloxford @YoungLivesIndia
- 2. Researching adolescence in the life-course
- 3. [insert great photo] Young Lives: childhoods in context
- 4. Young Lives in India
- 5. 1. Impact of disadvantage evident at start of adolescence
- 6. 2. Aspirations are high
- 7. 3. Educational aspirations reflect whole family’s hopes for poverty-free future ‘Children must not be forced to do hard work from childhood itself. If they only study, it’s nice and their lives will be good.’ Harika (12 years) a rural girl. ‘If he studies and learns to read, when he grows up he need not work hard in the hot sun.’ Mother of Yaswanth (12 years) an OC boy from remote tribal area. Yaswanth ‘I just want to lead a simple life and care of my mother and my self.’
- 8. 4. Rising school enrolment offers a platform for engaging adolescents Source Briones (2017)
- 9. 5. Most young adolescents are not fulfilling their potential
- 10. 6. Gendered responsibilities grow from early adolescence
- 11. 7. Poverty, risk and responsibility in early adolescence shape later trajectories Predictors of secondary school completion: •No paid work at 12 years •Fewer hours of domestic chores (girls) •Better reading scores at age 8 •Higher self-efficacy at age 12 Predictors of early marriage & adolescent fertility •Not enrolled at 15 years •Lower parental & child aspirations for education •Parental expectation that daughter would marry before 19 years •Lower wealth & caregiver aspiration •Earlier age at menarche •Having an older brother Shocks intensify pressures but unevenly. Adult illness and dowry expenses have long term consequences for children in the household.
- 12. 8. Violence is pervasive in the lives of many children and adolescents ‘If we are not naughty and listen to what the sirs are saying… then they don’t beat us. Some children keep staring outside the windows then they beat us’ Now no one stays back after school Big boys used to come and sit there, at the school... Because other boys come to the school, so [the girls] don’t come now. (15 year old girl) ‘My father goes for work and comes back drunk and beats my mother. If I go in the middle he will beat me!.. I want to take my mother and leave this village… When I grow up I would like to be good .. I will love my wife and not drink liquor or smoke beedi.’ (13 year old boy) ‘I do not like my school, since the teachers beat me badly. They beat with a stick on my back, even if we are sitting and talking…..’ (Government School student)
- 13. 9. Poverty and discriminatory gender norms are mutually reinforcing Bhavana’s mother did not complete primary school and married at 12. Bhavana left school after Grade 2 following the death of her father and the family migrating for seasonal work to Mumbai. Her mother believed : “It makes no difference whether educated or not educated … even if she were to be educated, still it not possible to get a job; she might still have to work; there are no jobs around. Then what’s the point in getting schooled? …I haven’t seen a single person from this village getting a job and feeding others.’ Interviewer: Do you find any difference in the work done and the life between you and your mother? Bhavana: I saw my mother since my childhood … she has been doing hard work without taking a break even for a day… It is same [for me ... I am also working in the same way.
- 14. www.younglives.org.uk @YLOxford @YoungLivesIndia •methodology and research papers •child profiles and photos •e-newsletter •datasets (UK Data Archive) FINDING OUT MORE
Editor's Notes
- Jo: why understanding adolescent well-being (and health) in context of wider lives and over the life courseis important
- Why AP and Telangana are relevant for understanding gender and poverty in India?
- Use Dercon and Serneels to explore gendered aspirations and outcomes.
- Use Dercon and Serneels to explore gendered aspirations and outcomes.
- Gender analysis of school enrolment shows that at age 12, the male-female gap for Younger Cohort is almost negligible (0.4 percentage points), and considerably lower than that for the Older Cohort at the same age in 2006, when there was gender gap of 3.3 percentage points.
- : boys began to do better in maths and receptive vocabulary tests by age 12. Gaps increase until the age of 15, and then persist. (older cohort). Stratification of better-off children and boys into private low-fee charging schools is a significant and growing equity issue Equity India is the only Young Lives country with systematic bias against girls in learning and enrolment outcomes. Gender disparities grow during early adolescence grow until 15, then persist. Quality One in four 12 year-olds in UAP failed to reach the low achievement benchmark for fourth-grade children (aged about 10 years) in maths proficiency. Decline in maths scores at age 12 between 2006 and 2013. increase in the percentage of 12 year-olds who were overage at school. Nearly half of 12 year olds overage in 2013: boys, children from poor and SC households, and children whose mothers had less education more likely to be overage.
- Note that in other countries – overall girl-boy workload is similar, though they take different roles from adolescence. India is the only country where girls work more overall during early-mid adolescence.
- : eg. UAP drought 2002/3: eldest sons in irrigation-farming households reduced work and increase school, the work of girls (both eldest and younger daughters) increased. Findings reveal that girls from top-wealth tercile households have an 80% predicted probability of completion, in comparison to the 64% predicted probability for girls from bottom-wealth tercile households.
- More than 9 in 10 eight-year olds in UAP witnessed a teacher administering corporal punishment in past week. 15 year olds reporting bullying: 22% (physical bullying); 27% (verbal bullying); 28% (indirect bullying); 27% (attacks on property). Safety on the journey to school for girls – Earlier we used to be in school [doing homework] but now no one stays back after school... we all decided now in 10th class we return home fast. […] Big boys used to come and sit there, at the school... Because other boys come to the school, so they [the girls] don’t come now. (Harika, UAP) Experience of violence gendered and changes with age. 18% of 15 year old girls reported avoiding going to school during menstruation. Amongst those who attended school irregularly, 28% cited lack of disposal facilities while 19% cited lack of soap and water as reasons for missing school.