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Social environment
- 1. Social EnvironmentSocial Environment William Allan Kritsonis, PhDWilliam Allan Kritsonis, PhD
- 2. Social Environment: Family • Majority were raised by both parents • Mothers more than fathers raised the adolescents 83.2 1.2 5.9 0.8 2.5 6.4 pa & ma pa only ma only pa+other ma+other other
- 3. Social Environment: Family Living away from home • 45% have experienced living away from home • 16.3% ever-lived in a dorm or boarding house Reasons for living away from home Many young people live away from their families 34.8 36.4 21.1 1.5 0 10 20 30 40 to marry to join relatives to study to work
- 4. Social Environment Parental/Family relationship Siblings • 77% get along with all siblings • 16% get along but not with all siblings Parents • 72% get along well with father • 76.5% get along well with mother Significant % have problems relating with family members
- 5. Social Environment:Family Parental/Family relationship Parents get along well • 72% get along well • 12.5% don’t get along well Rating of parents: warm & affectionate • 70% of fathers scored high • 80% mothers scored high
- 6. Social Environment Parental/Family relationship Discuss SEX at home • 15.6% sex was discussed at home while adolescent was growing up • 6.2% discussed with mother • 3.5% discussed with father • 4.6% discussed with sister • 3.5% discussed with brother Home is not a place where SEX can be discussed
- 7. Social Environment: School 68% go to public school • Feelings about school • 19.6% would rather not go to sch. many times • 5.6% think that school is a waste of time • 87.2% try hard to do good in school • % think someone at school can help them with sex- related problems
- 8. Social Environment: Media More than half watched x-rated movies/videos : 55% Where do they usually watch x- rated movies/videos? 23.8 63.8 7.1 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Own home Friends'/Relatives' home Movie house More than a third had read pornographic materials: 38.4%
- 9. Social Environment: Friends Who adolescents approach when they have problems? Friends are important support system • Academic problems • 37.4% teachers • 44% peers/classmates • 4.8% none • Love/relationship problems • 62.6% friends • 15.5% self • 2.1% teachers • 1.4% counselor • Family problems • 64.5% friends • 11.8% none • 6.4% teacher • 2.5% counselor
- 10. Social Environment: Friends B a r k a d a • 97.5% ever had barkada • 84.6% parents know about barkada • 76.6% parents aware of barkada activities • 19.3% barkada with R involved in violent incident Activities of barkada: % 25 12.3 8 11.3 7.4 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 istam by/sm k e Stroll D rink Sp orts P icnic
- 11. Social Environment: Friends Fraternity/Sorority • 6.2% was ever a member • 52% of those in frats have been involved in violent activities Activities of fraternity: % 20 13.7 11.8 3.9 9.8 0 5 10 15 20 25 Comm'y work Hazing Meeting None Sch act
- 12. Social Environment: Friends Friends having sex • 39.5% know of unmarried friends who are having sex • 23.3% know of unmarried female friends who have gotten pregnant
- 13. Social Environment : Church/Religion • 84.6% are Catholics • 3.4% are Born Again • 2.9% are INK Religiosity • 44% attend at least once a week • 8.2% have changed religion • 60% of those who changed came from Catholic religion
- 14. Consequences of risk behaviors • Other risk behaviors • Accidental, unwanted and unsafe pregnancies • Maternal mortality rate among pregnant adolescents is 2-4 times higher than for women over age 20. • Infant mortality rate is 30% higher for infants born to mothers ages 15-19 than for those women 20 years or older.
- 15. Consequences of risk behaviors Young Filipino women are reproductively- challenged • 162,000 or 10% of all births occur to teenage mothers (15-19) • at age 18, 10% are already mothers • at age 20, 25% are mothers • at age 24, 50% are mothers, and 1/3 of Filipino young women have 2-3 children already • Young pregnant women are prone to pregnancy complications
- 16. Consequences of risk behaviors • Abortion • 5% of ever-pregnant adolescent had at least one abortion experience.
- 17. Reasons why adolescents engage in risk behaviors • Adolescents are becoming less & less connected with their families and religion • Families are showing signs of being less helpful to their adolescents • Schools & homes provide venues for sex encounters • Adolescents show signs of confusion • They are doing more experimentation with their peers • Pornograpic media is taking a larger space in their time and attention
- 18. Reasons why adolescents engage in risk behaviors • Adolescents now have more liberal attitudes on sex and sex-related matters.
- 19. Summary Ill-consequences of risk behaviors are already apparent • Many are not even aware of the consequences or of the risks • They are ill-prepared for the consequences ‘Better informed, better equipped’
- 20. Summary There are signs of breaking down of adolescent –protective connections • Family • School • Church At the same time, • Closeness to peers • ‘Bad’ media taking more significance ‘transforming risk factors to protective factors, HOW?’
- 21. • In view of the foregoing, what kinds of actions are needed to support healthier adolescent development? • Who should be joining the efforts? • What kinds of strategies are effective?
- 22. How can we help the adolescents? • Level with them, Be honest • Have clear reasonable limits • Listen actively to them • Share plans & schedules • Respect their privacy and space • Say things respectfully & with warmth • Encourage them to discover creative channels of expression • Encourage them to develop their own interests & discover sources of fulfillment • Trust them & be happy