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Social Environment



William Allan Kritsonis, PhD
Social Environment: Family


• Majority were raised by both parents
• Mothers more than fathers raised the
   adolescents
                 2.5
                0.8
           5.9         6.4          pa & ma
                                    pa only
          1.2
                                    ma only
                                    pa+other
                                    ma+other
                             83.2   other
Social Environment: Family

Living away from home
 • 45% have experienced living away from home

 • 16.3% ever-lived in a dorm or boarding house
  Reasons for living away from home

           1.5
                                               to   marry
                           21.1
                                               to   join relatives
                                               to   study
                                        36.4
                                               to   work
                                       34.8



       0         10   20          30     40


Many young people live away from their families
Social Environment

Parental/Family relationship
 Siblings
 • 77% get along with all siblings
 • 16% get along but not with all siblings

 Parents
 • 72% get along well with father
 • 76.5% get along well with mother

   Significant % have problems relating with
                family members
Social Environment:Family

Parental/Family relationship
 Parents get along well
 • 72% get along well
 • 12.5% don’t get along well


 Rating of parents: warm & affectionate
 • 70% of fathers scored high
 • 80% mothers scored high
Social Environment

Parental/Family relationship
 Discuss SEX at home
 • 15.6% sex was discussed at home while
             adolescent was growing up
 •   6.2% discussed with mother
 •   3.5% discussed with father
 •   4.6% discussed with sister
 •   3.5% discussed with brother

Home is not a place where SEX can be
discussed
Social Environment: School

    68% go to public school
• Feelings about school
  • 19.6% would rather not go to sch. many times
  • 5.6% think that school is a waste of time
  • 87.2% try hard to do good in school


• % think someone at school can help them with sex-
related problems
Social Environment: Media
                               Where do they usually watch x-
                                   rated movies/videos?
More than half watched
x-rated movies/videos :
                          70                     63.8
                          60

55%                       50

                          40

                          30     23.8
                          20

                          10                                        7.1

                           0

More than a third had
                               Own home   Friends'/Relatives'   Movie house
                                                home

read pornographic
materials: 38.4%
Social Environment: Friends
Who adolescents approach when they have problems?
Friends are important support system
• Academic problems            • Family problems
   • 37.4% teachers              • 64.5% friends
   • 44% peers/classmates        • 11.8% none
   • 4.8% none                   • 6.4% teacher
• Love/relationship problems     • 2.5% counselor
   • 62.6% friends
   • 15.5% self
   • 2.1% teachers
   • 1.4% counselor
Social Environment: Friends
    Barkada
• 97.5% ever had barkada
• 84.6% parents know about barkada
• 76.6% parents aware of barkada activities
• 19.3% barkada with R involved in violent incident

                          Activities of barkada: %

         30          25
         25
         20
         15                       12.3                  11.3
         10                                    8                     7.4
          5
          0
                 e
                 k




                                                      ts
                                          nk




                                                                     c
                             ll
                m




                                                                  ni
                             ro




                                                    or
                                          ri
              /s




                                                               ic
                           St




                                                   Sp
            by




                                         D




                                                               P
           m
        ta
      is
Social Environment: Friends
    Fraternity/Sorority
• 6.2% was ever a member
• 52% of those in frats have been involved in violent
           activities
                    Activities of fraternity: %

      25
             20
      20
      15                13.7
                                 11.8
                                                    9.8
      10
       5                                   3.9

       0
           Comm'y     Hazing   Meeting    None    Sch act
            work
Social Environment: Friends

Friends having sex
• 39.5% know of unmarried friends who
         are having sex
• 23.3% know of unmarried female
          friends who have gotten
          pregnant
Social Environment : Church/Religion

• 84.6% are Catholics
• 3.4% are Born Again
• 2.9% are INK
• 8.2% have changed religion
  • 60% of those who changed came
   from
              Catholic religion
Religiosity
• 44% attend at least once a week
Consequences of risk behaviors


• Other risk behaviors
• Accidental, unwanted and unsafe
pregnancies
  • Maternal mortality rate among pregnant
  adolescents is 2-4 times higher than for women
  over age 20.


  • Infant mortality rate is 30% higher for infants
  born to mothers ages 15-19 than for those women
  20 years or older.
Consequences of risk behaviors

Young Filipino women are reproductively-
               challenged
•162,000 or 10% of all births occur to teenage
mothers (15-19)
• at age 18, 10% are already mothers
• at age 20, 25% are mothers
• at age 24, 50% are mothers, and 1/3 of Filipino
young women have 2-3 children already
• Young pregnant women are prone to pregnancy
complications
Consequences of risk behaviors




• Abortion
  • 5% of ever-pregnant adolescent had at least one
  abortion experience.
Reasons why adolescents engage in
         risk behaviors
• Adolescents are becoming less & less connected
with their families and religion
• Families are showing signs of being less helpful to
their adolescents
• Schools & homes provide venues for sex
encounters
• Adolescents show signs of confusion
• They are doing more experimentation with their
peers
• Pornograpic media is taking a larger space in their
time and attention
Reasons why adolescents engage in
         risk behaviors


  • Adolescents now have more liberal
     attitudes on sex and sex-related
                 matters.
Summary

Ill-consequences of risk behaviors
  are already apparent

 •   Many are not even aware of the
     consequences or of the risks

 •   They are ill-prepared for the consequences

        ‘Better informed, better equipped’
Summary

There are signs of breaking down of
 adolescent –protective connections
     •   Family
     •   School
     •   Church
 At the same time,
 •   Closeness to peers
 •   ‘Bad’ media taking more significance


 ‘transforming risk factors to protective
    factors, HOW?’
• In view of the foregoing, what kinds
of actions are needed to support
healthier adolescent development?

• Who should be joining the efforts?

• What kinds of strategies are
effective?
How can we help the adolescents?
• Level with them, Be honest
• Have clear reasonable limits
• Listen actively to them
• Share plans & schedules
• Respect their privacy and space
• Say things respectfully & with warmth
• Encourage them to discover creative channels of
expression
• Encourage them to develop their own interests &
discover sources of fulfillment
• Trust them & be happy

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Dr. William Allan Kritsonis - Social Environment PPT.

  • 2. Social Environment: Family • Majority were raised by both parents • Mothers more than fathers raised the adolescents 2.5 0.8 5.9 6.4 pa & ma pa only 1.2 ma only pa+other ma+other 83.2 other
  • 3. Social Environment: Family Living away from home • 45% have experienced living away from home • 16.3% ever-lived in a dorm or boarding house Reasons for living away from home 1.5 to marry 21.1 to join relatives to study 36.4 to work 34.8 0 10 20 30 40 Many young people live away from their families
  • 4. Social Environment Parental/Family relationship Siblings • 77% get along with all siblings • 16% get along but not with all siblings Parents • 72% get along well with father • 76.5% get along well with mother Significant % have problems relating with family members
  • 5. Social Environment:Family Parental/Family relationship Parents get along well • 72% get along well • 12.5% don’t get along well Rating of parents: warm & affectionate • 70% of fathers scored high • 80% mothers scored high
  • 6. Social Environment Parental/Family relationship Discuss SEX at home • 15.6% sex was discussed at home while adolescent was growing up • 6.2% discussed with mother • 3.5% discussed with father • 4.6% discussed with sister • 3.5% discussed with brother Home is not a place where SEX can be discussed
  • 7. Social Environment: School 68% go to public school • Feelings about school • 19.6% would rather not go to sch. many times • 5.6% think that school is a waste of time • 87.2% try hard to do good in school • % think someone at school can help them with sex- related problems
  • 8. Social Environment: Media Where do they usually watch x- rated movies/videos? More than half watched x-rated movies/videos : 70 63.8 60 55% 50 40 30 23.8 20 10 7.1 0 More than a third had Own home Friends'/Relatives' Movie house home read pornographic materials: 38.4%
  • 9. Social Environment: Friends Who adolescents approach when they have problems? Friends are important support system • Academic problems • Family problems • 37.4% teachers • 64.5% friends • 44% peers/classmates • 11.8% none • 4.8% none • 6.4% teacher • Love/relationship problems • 2.5% counselor • 62.6% friends • 15.5% self • 2.1% teachers • 1.4% counselor
  • 10. Social Environment: Friends Barkada • 97.5% ever had barkada • 84.6% parents know about barkada • 76.6% parents aware of barkada activities • 19.3% barkada with R involved in violent incident Activities of barkada: % 30 25 25 20 15 12.3 11.3 10 8 7.4 5 0 e k ts nk c ll m ni ro or ri /s ic St Sp by D P m ta is
  • 11. Social Environment: Friends Fraternity/Sorority • 6.2% was ever a member • 52% of those in frats have been involved in violent activities Activities of fraternity: % 25 20 20 15 13.7 11.8 9.8 10 5 3.9 0 Comm'y Hazing Meeting None Sch act work
  • 12. Social Environment: Friends Friends having sex • 39.5% know of unmarried friends who are having sex • 23.3% know of unmarried female friends who have gotten pregnant
  • 13. Social Environment : Church/Religion • 84.6% are Catholics • 3.4% are Born Again • 2.9% are INK • 8.2% have changed religion • 60% of those who changed came from Catholic religion Religiosity • 44% attend at least once a week
  • 14. Consequences of risk behaviors • Other risk behaviors • Accidental, unwanted and unsafe pregnancies • Maternal mortality rate among pregnant adolescents is 2-4 times higher than for women over age 20. • Infant mortality rate is 30% higher for infants born to mothers ages 15-19 than for those women 20 years or older.
  • 15. Consequences of risk behaviors Young Filipino women are reproductively- challenged •162,000 or 10% of all births occur to teenage mothers (15-19) • at age 18, 10% are already mothers • at age 20, 25% are mothers • at age 24, 50% are mothers, and 1/3 of Filipino young women have 2-3 children already • Young pregnant women are prone to pregnancy complications
  • 16. Consequences of risk behaviors • Abortion • 5% of ever-pregnant adolescent had at least one abortion experience.
  • 17. Reasons why adolescents engage in risk behaviors • Adolescents are becoming less & less connected with their families and religion • Families are showing signs of being less helpful to their adolescents • Schools & homes provide venues for sex encounters • Adolescents show signs of confusion • They are doing more experimentation with their peers • Pornograpic media is taking a larger space in their time and attention
  • 18. Reasons why adolescents engage in risk behaviors • Adolescents now have more liberal attitudes on sex and sex-related matters.
  • 19. Summary Ill-consequences of risk behaviors are already apparent • Many are not even aware of the consequences or of the risks • They are ill-prepared for the consequences ‘Better informed, better equipped’
  • 20. Summary There are signs of breaking down of adolescent –protective connections • Family • School • Church At the same time, • Closeness to peers • ‘Bad’ media taking more significance ‘transforming risk factors to protective factors, HOW?’
  • 21. • In view of the foregoing, what kinds of actions are needed to support healthier adolescent development? • Who should be joining the efforts? • What kinds of strategies are effective?
  • 22. How can we help the adolescents? • Level with them, Be honest • Have clear reasonable limits • Listen actively to them • Share plans & schedules • Respect their privacy and space • Say things respectfully & with warmth • Encourage them to discover creative channels of expression • Encourage them to develop their own interests & discover sources of fulfillment • Trust them & be happy