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Sex Discrimination Essay
As a marketing manager you have recently turned down Nancy Conrad for a position as sales supervisor. Nancy believes the denial was due to her
gender and she has filed a sex discrimination charge with the EEOC. Explain the steps the EEOC will use to process the charge; include Nancy's
options during the process. Determine the likelihood of success of Nancy's discrimination claim from the EEOC data base (available through
www.eeoc.gov). Describe the basic precautions you should take so you might prevail in her claim.
In some instances, individuals feel that they were not hired due to race, gender, age, if she is over 40, disability or religion. (EEOC 2010) This may or
may not be the situation in Nancy's case. To ensure that Nancy...show more content...
We do not, however, file lawsuits in all cases where we find discrimination." (EEOC 2010)
If Nancy was indeed not hired due to her gender, the company will have to pay monetary damages. The EEOC has a fair record in regard to
damages. "In FY 2009, we received 93,277 private sector charges of discrimination. We also received 2,728 charges through net transfers from state
and local Fair Employment Practices Agencies (FEPAs). We achieved 85,980 resolutions, with a merit factor resolution rate of 20.3%. (Merit factor
resolutions include mediation and other settlements and cause findings, which, if not successfully conciliated, are considered for litigation.) (EEOC
2010)
To avoid such an occurrence from happening, the company needs to do use a hiring agency that will test the applicants based on skills that pertain to
the position at hand and weed out those who score lowly; hire the individual that closest matches the job skill set; advertise that a degree is
mandatory for the position. All of these steps will ensure that whomever is hired was hired due to him or her being most qualified for the position and
that gender did not play a role in the decision.
It must be noted that even when a ruling is made, it could be appealed, such as the Wal–Mart sex discrimination case. "The lawsuit argues that female
workers were paid less and received fewer promotions at Wal–Mart than male
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Gender Discrimination
GENDER DISCRIMINATION By Nkechi AGBOGO
TABLE OF CONTENT 1. Abstract 2. Introduction 3. What does sex discrimination cover 4. Sex discrimination possible scenes 5. Forms of sex
discrimination 6. Reasons for sex discrimination 7. Policies which should help reduce gender discrimination 8. Conclusion 9. Reference
ABSTRACT Gender discrimination is an acute and persistent problem, especially in developing countries. This paper argues that gender discrimination
is an inefficient practice. The distortions in the allocation of talent between managerial and unskilled positions, and in human capital investment, are
analyzed. It is...show more content...
While gender discrimination happens to both men and women in individual situations, discrimination against women is an entrenched, global
pandemic. The world today is characterised by rapid transformations in all spheres of life that is globalization. By this time of globalization, struggle
for gender equality is a matter of concern also. For example, major progress has been made in closing the gender gap in school enrolments at both
primary and secondary levels. The rapid growth of the garment industry has provided a large number of ceremonial sector jobs for all genders.
Moreover, the society belongs to us is highly patriarchal and gender discrimination is common at all levels of community. Women are reliant on men
throughout the whole time of their lives. The range starts from father to husbands to sons. The constitutional affirmations of gender equality are also
present in our country. However, the state legislation always overlooks the rights of women. From time to time, women, young girls and female
children are more underprivileged than male in their access to education, employment, health care services etc. Traditionally, women are recognised
only for reproductive purposes and are encouraged to do only household works other than outside works.
CHAPTER 2
WHAT DOES SEX DISCRIMINATION COVER?
Sex discrimination covers four areas:
1) Direct discrimination
2) Indirect discrimination
3) Harassment
4) Victimisation
1. direct discrimination: This involves
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Sexual Identity Discrimination
Sexual Identity Discrimination According to the American Psychological Association, sexual orientation is defined as "an enduring pattern of
emotional, romantic, and/or sexual attractions to men, women, or both sexes" (APA, 2008). Moreover, the definition offered suggests that sexual
orientation does not solely relate as a characteristic of an individual but is most reflective of a relationship with another individual (APA, 2008). In the
United States, those with a sexual orientation described as lesbian, gay, transgender or bisexual have faced discrimination, violence and prejudice based
on their sexual orientation. Throughout the 1970's, 80's and into the 1990's public opinion polls indicated a significant rate of violence and harassment
targeted towards those individuals identified as or self identified as belonging to the gay, lesbian, or homosexual community. With HIV/AIDs becoming
more prevalent and the national and international scare associated with the disease, the gay and lesbian community was the primary target. Public
opinion was vocal and negative.
Homophobia was not just an American sentiment. Throughout the world, in Latin America and Africa, the spread of HIV/AIDS was associated with
gay men in particular and the sentiment regarding these individuals was highly stigmatized and very negative. These pervasive attitudes fueled violent
episodes that made the news from country to country and around the world (Avert, web). Some even argue that the reason
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Sexual Orientation Discrimination Essay
Running Head: DISCRIMINATION
HR Management Issue – Sexual Orientation Discrimination
Table of Contents
Introduction ............................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Sexual Orientation Discrimination Definition ............................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Explanation of Topic
............................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Background of Issue ............................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Challenges this issue Presents Workplace Discrimination ............................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Recommended Organizational Response ............................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Projection about...show more content...
Sexual Orientation Discrimination Everyone agrees that workplace discrimination has no place in the modern business world. But not everyone
understands the laws that protect employees against discrimination. In this case, what you don't know can hurt you, especially if an aggrieved
employee files a discrimination claim. Definition According to an article published by Workplace Fairness, a non–profit organization that provides
information and education on employee rights, sexual orientation discrimination means treating someone differently solely because of his or her sexual
orientation whether it be homosexual, bisexual, or heterosexual. This discrimination may occur because of a perception of someone whether the
perception is right or wrong. Someone who is discriminated against on the basis of sexual orientation may also be discriminated against or harassed on
the basis of sex, gender identity, disability, such as actual or perceived HIV status, and/or marital status. This is very important to Human Resource
Professionals because they are the ones that make sure organization objectives are being met, and policies are being followed. It is the Human
Resource professionals that deal with staffing, compensation, safety and health, training and development as well as employee and labor relations
issues. Therefore if any situations in the workplace occur
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Arguments Against Sex Selection
For decades, sex selection has been a controversial issue, choosing the sex of a child is viewed as a justifiable act since there is no harm done to
anyone .I believe that gender selection creates balance in a family and culturally viewed as a desirable practice to fulfill social norms. However others
ethicists believe that sex selection reinforce the idea of sexual discrimination within our societies (Caulfield & Brownsword, 2012).This explains why
there are renewed efforts from civil societies and government to analyze arguments presented by different authors who either support or oppose sex
selection.
This essay analyzes the meaning of human dignity from two different perspectives, the essay examines how human dignity is defined by our expression
of choices and as an inherent value by the society. Based on a case study, the essay describes the social attitudes, norms and circumstance that influence
such choices and their impact on our understanding of human dignity. The essay presents justifications of particular actions concerning sex selection
and analyzes some of the features of human dignity that can be put at risk due to actions arising from these two perspectives mentioned therein above.
Perspective 1: The concept of human dignity
Human dignity is defined based on the belief that dignity is inherent; hence, human beings posses specific capabilities that are not found in other
creatures. However, people define human dignity differently. Some people view human
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Sexual Orientation Discrimination Prejudice in the Workplace. Sexual orientation is "the clear, persistent desire of a person for affiliation with one sex
rather than the other", otherwise known as sexual preference. (http://medical–dictionary.thefreedictionary.com) Prejudice against lesbians, gays,
bisexuals, and transsexuals (otherwise known as LGBT people) remain widespread in American society. LGBT people have always been a target for
discrimination. Like other forms of prejudice, this discrimination is based on a hostile attitude toward a specific group and in this case minority. The
current strides in the controversy of the legalization of the same sex marriage is a prime example of this discrimination. Sexual orientation prejudice
...show more content...
Because of this many of them arrive to work in fear of rejection or being 'outed' causing them to lose their job. As discovered by expert Cosby Burns
"Discrimination and unequal treatment on the job inflicts significant economic harm on gay and transgender public–sector employees and their
families." (http://www.americanprogress.org) Many open homosexuals will be turned down for employment just because of their sexual orientation
despite qualifications, even though it is completely irrelevant to their skills and no one's business but their own. Twenty states in the U.S currently
have laws prohibiting the discrimination based on sexual orientation in public, as well as private jobs. These states include Colorado, Connecticut,
Hawaii, Illinois, Iowa, Main, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, Oregon, Rhode
Island, Vermont, Washington Wisconsin and California. As found by California lawyers, the number of cases filed with the California Department of
Fair Employment and Housing, or DFEH, pertaining to employment discrimination based on sexual orientation has "increased from 636 in 2001, to
714 in 2005 and to 821 in 2008. In 2011, the number of sexual orientation employment discrimination cases filed with DFEH spiked to 1,104." This
drastic increase may be attributed to the advocacy of equality in marriage laws in California and in other
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Sexual Discrimination And Gender Discrimination
Introduction
Today, labor market is gradually opening and growing up. But during the course of my work, I find some companies usually present many
requirements such as sex, age and study experience etc. In fact, every demand is a kind of employment discrimination. The sex discrimination of
employment the female encounter is especially extrusive. At present, females of China more and more fall in a weak position in employment market.
So, what is gender discrimination? Gender discrimination, also known as sexual discrimination, is any action that specifically denies opportunities,
privileges, or rewards to a person (or a group) because of gender. The practice of letting a person 's gender become a factor when deciding who
receives a job or a promotion, is gender discrimination. In other words, sex or gender discrimination is treating individuals differently in their
employment specifically because an individual is a woman or a man. If you have been rejected for employment, fired, or otherwise harmed in
employment because of your sex or gender, then you may have suffered sex or gender discrimination.
According to the second phase of Chinese women 's social status survey data published in 2001, from the look, the gender income gap was widening
between men and women; rural women and men by the large gap between the level of education. Participation of women in state and social affairs
decision–making is still low. The existence of these phenomena have complex causes, but can
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Sexual Discrimination: Article Analysis
This article explains sexual discrimination and its meaning. In this article, Jackson, a high school teacher and girl's basketball coach, in Birmingham,
Alabama, feels he was being discriminated against because he confronted school officials about unfair treatment to his team. When he became the
girl's basketball coach, he noticed that the girl's team was not getting properly taken care of as far as funding and equipment, like the boy's team. After
noticing, Jackson talked about his concerns to his school's supervisors. He was unsuccessful, instead, he received negative work evaluations and was
eventually fired or removed from being the girl's coach. He felt as if his position was taken away in retaliation because of his complaint. He then
brought a suit against the Birmingham Board of Education with the complaint of retaliation because he complained about the unequal teams, and that it
was a violation of Title IX of the education amendments....show more content...
His suit was later dismissed on the grounds of the actual Title IX. It states that no one should be discriminated on based on their sex, not retaliation.
The district, the Eleventh Circuit, and the appeals court all concluded that this was a case of retaliation, not sexual discrimination. There was no Title IX
violation. It was stated that Jackson's case was not accepted because he was an "indirect victim of sexual discrimination." Yes, the girl's team was
discriminated against, but he was no part of the team. He was just the coach. It was wrong of the school supervisors to terminate him of his position
because he cared enough about his team to speak up about unfair treatment. Maybe if he would have filed a suit on different grounds, he would have
had a much better
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Sexual Identity, Discrimination, And Privilege
The course of Multicultural psychology reflected in my own identity in relation to sexual identity, discrimination, and privilege. Before coming into
this course my understanding of these concepts was mediocre, but after learning about the impacts of each I now see a different perspective. My
understanding of these concepts evolved and changed over time by learning new information about each separately and applying each to my own life.
Now my knowledge is beyond mediocre.
My identity relating to sexual identity was pretty set before coming into this course. I knew even from a kid I was straight, because I was constantly
looking at guys as well as talking about how cute they were. Nonetheless, I followed the pretty stereotypical roles of a girl growing up. I played with
dolls and loved pink and anything with glitter really. When I was younger, my knowledge about sexual...show more content...
I remember a kid in our class, whose name I do not recall speaking about the discrimination he faced about being gay. He was told to act like a man
and not like a girl. He felt like he was being discriminated against because he was different. This hurt me because it's not fair to feel that way.
Our class also discussed the type of discrimination that African Americans face when it comes to their beauty. Attributes that African Americans
already posses is popular by social media, but they are not recognized for their beauty. Only white people seem to get all of the attention. By being
white, this hurt me and made me feel bad about my race is discriminating others. From this class I can learn how to love all types of people no matter
color, race etc. I can use this in the future whenever I am in the workplace. I believe that we get treated how we treat others and that is my motto. We
should not discriminate, because I know and others know how much it can impact an individual's
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Sexual & Racial Discrimination Essay
Scott Kim
Communications 10
Prof. M. Goldstein
Katharine Hepburn, Harvey Milk, Fred Korematsu, and Kenneth Clark were all leaders representing minorities in America. These deviants to
society made efforts to bring about positive cultural changes in times of strong sexual or racial discrimination. Great improvements have been made
as a result of the contributions these citizens made to our country. In 1930's America, the public view on gays and lesbians were not as liberal as
they are today. It wasn't until influential figures like Katharine Hepburn and Harvey Milk caused up a stir in social politics that changes were made.
Katharine Hepburn was a successful Hollywood actor with major roles in big screen films as well as in...show more content...
His death came as a shock to the gay community and he is often seen as a martyr who died for the cause. Racism is a disease that is deeply ingrained in
American society. It has its roots in the colonial era when slaves were brought over from Africa to help build this country. Since then, every new wave
of immigrants with a different face or culture was faced with discrimination by the "White Christian Male". African Americans had endured the worst
end of racism for decades under the hands of the white man as well as other ethnicities that assimilated with the WEM's (White European Male).
Consequently, the culture and psyche of Black Americans had been bruised and many of them have a self–hating complex that regard anything of
white culture to be superior to his or her own. Kenneth Clark was a psychologist who set out, once and for all, to prove that segregation is
institutionalized racism. His "black doll/white doll" study is a great contribution to racial studies and it is used even to this day. Before the 60's, the
US had laws in place on how many immigrants of Asian descent would be permitted into the country. Even before that, the Japanese immigrants who
were already settled in America faced much discrimination from the majority culture, though not nearly as severe as what the black people faced. Even
so, they were still considered second–class to white people and were often not treated
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Discrimination Based On Sexual Orientation Essay
The criminal just system should view all people no matter what their race, gender, or social class is. In a world where Lesbians, gays, bisexuals, and
transgender people are being slandered, it is hard for them to get jobs because of their sexual preferences or how they identify. Gays and lesbians who
choose to come out around "straight" people they work with will probably face at least some (if not much) discrimination. During work,
"discrimination based on sexual orientation must not be tolerated in any form in modern law enforcement. Instead of prejudice and intolerance, police
departments and chief executives should embrace a "Do Ask, Do Tell" attitude toward gays and lesbians (Winchell, 2008)". They will go out of their
way to cause harm either (physically/ mentally), professional humiliation, and the refusal of some heterosexual officers to work in close proximity with
the LGBT officers. Instead of discriminating on others, officers should begin to judge based on the quality of their work and strength of character.
A survey of police officers in South West USA showed pattern of resistance to the employment of LGBT officers with 69% of their respondents
reporting that these individuals do not belong in law enforcement and 85% asserting that gay men would not be able to perform their job as well as
others (Mallory, Hasenbush, & Sears, 2015)". Another reason most agency lack diversity is that the "recruitment efforts of police departments are often
too broad and fail to
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Sexual Discrimination And Gender Discrimination
Sexual discrimination, sex based discrimination, gender discrimination or sexism is a type of prejudice or discrimination based on a person 's sex or
gender usually by the opposite gender. Thus, it generally refers to discrimination against a male by a female or a female by a male. Feminism can
therefore be considered a form of sexism. More often than not however, sexism is commonly applied to the unfair treatment of women, the denial of
opportunity to women or an injustice towards women, which is how this paper will discuss the concept. This sexism or sex based discrimination stems
from male chauvinism or the belief that the male gender is more superior than the female gender; androcentrism or the conscious or unconscious
penchant to put things in the male perspective; machismo or the sense of masculine pride or patriarchy, a social system in which males are the primary
authority figures. (Goode & Ben–Yehuda, 2010, p220–221)
Sexism or the discrimination of women is one of the most common, oldest and most rampant types of social discrimination, which had persistently and
insidiously permeated different aspects of society that in turn help validate and reinforce the discrimination. The three largest religions in the world
namely Judaism, Christianity and Islam for instance shared the common belief about the patriarchal origins of humanity in which God first created
Adam whereas Eve was created out from his ribs. (Lippert–Rasmussen, 2014, p263) Even the religious concept
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Sexual Discrimination Essay
Sexual discrimination has been a rampant part of the society that traces its roots back to the mid–20th century and is very much prevalent to the society
of the United States. This irrepressible outlook towards the difference of the two genders affected every known sector of the community, and it did not
leave the field of media unaffected. This ideology paved the way for feminist writers, which are women who would like to be treated in the same way
as their male counterparts are experiencing. These writers represented the women in the society and voiced out their grievances, which more often than
not, biased to the female demography. As time goes by, the public become more rational in their attitude towards the women and thus, initiating...show
more content...
This reporting has been initiated by women for a desire to attain equality in every aspect of the society, in politics, economy, and the like, but has gone
through a wild twist as "radical feminists" desired to achieve superiority above men. These reporters believe that the women are capable of what the
men can do, at the same time had the yearning to end oppression and harassment towards the female race. On the other hand, the reporters who practice
gender–sensitivity lean towards a certain code where they are cautious of what they write about in their articles. They alter certain words to be
objective in their way of reporting and at the same time, not look bias towards a certain gender class of our society. The knowledge of men's
superiority in the community is very prevalent that this gender–sensitive writers and reporters tend to settle down the dispute amid feminist ideologists
and masculine thinkers, to who is better between male and female, and be neutral in their stand in relation to this topic through the way of how they
deliver the news. It takes time to vigilantly watch the terminologies they use to not make an impression to both sexes that one is superior over the
other and vice versa. These writers carefully choose their words in the headline, as well as the body of their news articles. The distinct difference
between these two ideologies in reporting is that feminism is very much inclined towards the rights and desire of the women in
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Sexual Orientation Discrimination Research
To start off with, people all over the world are struggling with sexual orientation discrimination. Whether it's at school or work people still being
harassed. In addition, no matter what grade kids are in, they are getting bullied in schools because of their sexual orientation. People who have
experienced violence can greatly affect their education and health which could lead to suicidal thoughts. According to a HRC survey, LGBTQ kids are
twice as likely to be harassed verbally and attacked than their heterosexual peers. Which could lead to educational and mental problems later on.
Additionally, no matter how old they are, instead of focusing on their grades and career, LGBTQ youth spend more time worrying about being bullied
and harassed.
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Sexual Discrimination
Sexual harassment is a form of sexual discrimination that violates the laws enacted under title VII. In education, sexual harassment is considered sex
discrimination. Allegations of sexual harassment should be reported first through the companies grievance procedures and secondly to the EEOC.
Victims of sexual harassment are not members of protected class; however the occurrence of harassment can place them in a position to file complaint
with the EEOC as sex discrimination. Sexual harassment can occur to any person of any gender. Sexual harassment can happen in a variety of
circumstances which the victim as well as the harasser may be a women or a man. The victim does not have to be the person harassed but could be
anyone affected by the...show more content...
As a result of this behavior it may undermine this individual's dignity. It is often difficult to draw a line between what is acceptable and what is
unacceptable in the work environment. This form of discrimination called sexual harassment can very well manifest itself in terms of physical and
psychological acts. Physically, the harassee may be the victim of pinching, grabbing, hugging, patting, leering, brushing, against and forms of
touching. Psychological harassment can occur through the proposal of physical intimacy by requesting dates and sexual favors. Also, many people
think sexual harassment only occurs between two workers in the workplace, or an employee and supervisor. This is not completely true; sexual
harassment can be caused by a customer who continuously suggests inappropriate gestures that make an employee feel uncomfortable. He may for
example come to her job all the time and ask her out on a date or try to hug and touch the employee. This could create a hostile work environment if
the employee complains about this customer behavior to a manager or supervisor and nothing is done to prevent the sexual harassment. This company
could be held liable for damages this employee suffered while employed by this company. Sex and sensuality is everywhere we look, from magazines to
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Gender equality is about equal opportunity for men and women to identify their individual potential. One must be able to benefit from their
participation in society and contribute to the economic and social development of their country (Australian Government. 2009). Through multiple
reviewed literature on gender inequality, the overall concept within many sociological readings was the way gender inequality socially relates to
employment and careers. There are three separate themes that intersect within the written literature that will be discussed. First, gender differences in
historical social roles have created stereotypes on the contemporary outlooks of the social attitude. Secondly, through beliefs and values, career
pathways...show more content...
"Children are able to identify feminine and masculine categories, similar to the perception of adults, from socialization through family, school and
media" (Gadassi and Gati, 2009). Some of the prominent social roles of males and females in historical years are contributing to the contemporary
roles that are acceptable in society. Women have continued to have hours of unpaid work while taking care of their children and domestic work,
while males are still considered as the providers for their family and solely contributing to their household. In a study done in 2005, statistical
analysis revealed that 90% of women do 4.3 hours, on average, of unpaid work a day and 69% of men do 2.5 hours, on average, of unpaid work a
day (Dr. Fetner, 2010). "Traditional gender roles, have set out desirable qualities and behaviours for men and women" and as research has shown,
"social roles determine the accepted behavioral norms for genders and encourage gender differences in interests and activities" (Gadassi and Gati,
2009). The male and female socioeconomic ideologies of masculinity and femininity influence our perceptions of social roles. "The link between
internalization of gender roles and how one fits into the social structure are forces that contribute to change and stability in social roles" (Ridgeway,
2009). Picking aspects of ones social goals should also affect self selection into these roles (Ridgeway, 2009).
Values and
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Essay On Sex Discrimination In The Workplace
1. Should transgender employees be considered by the courts to be a protected class under Title VII 's prohibition of sex discrimination in the
workplace?
I agree that transgender employee should be considered by the courts to be a protected class under Title VII's prohibition of sex discrimination in the
workplace.
Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 makes it illegal to discriminate against someone on the basis of race, color, religion, national origin, or sex.
Sex refers to the biological and physiological characteristics that define men and women; while, gender refers to the socially constructed roles,
behaviors, activities, and attributes that a given society considers appropriate for men and women.(World Health Org.) A...show more content...
1. The employee is in a protected class (based on race, gender, and so on).
2. The employee was qualified for the position.
3. The employee was rejected for the position ––the candidate was not hired, or the employee was not promoted or was fired, and,
4. An employee outside of the protected class was selected for the position, or the employer continued to look for candidates.
Roberts protected class would be gender and from the facts of the case Robert did not have any complaints from his peers or other workers prior to
his change in the beginning of the school year. However it is not clear from the facts stated here. Roberts prevails in the first two prongs but is likely
to fail in the third and fourth. The school did not terminate Roberts nor were they looking for another candidate to fill his position. Instead, Officer
Roberts was summoned to CCSD police department headquarters and required to sit and read the memo prohibited CCSD police department
employees from using children 's restrooms unless prior authorization was secured from the school principal. Therefore, Roberts would not have be
able to establish enough evidence based on these facts to form a prima facie case of discrimination.
Nevertheless, Roberts has a cliam for a hostle enivornment. In a hostile environment: "Harassment becomes unlawful where 1) enduring the offensive
conduct becomes
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Essay about Sex Discrimination
Introduction
Discrimination involves action toward individuals on the basis of their group membership; Baron and Byrne (1994) defined discrimination as prejudice
in action. Discrimination can take a very overt form (e.g., refusal to hire women into certain jobs), but in many instances, gender discrimination
involves the degree to which the workplace is open to versus resistant to the participation of women. Although many discussions of gender
discrimination have focused on the ways managers and supervisors treat men and women, gender discrimination could involve managers, co–workers,
subordinates, clients, or customers. In general, gender discrimination include behaviours occurring in the workplace that limit the target person's ability
...show more content...
Additionally, some specific features of the workplace appear to contribute to prejudice and discrimination against both men and women.
This research will try to identify and assess gender issues and discrimination in the workplace by looking at various types of sex discrimination,
features of the workplace that contribute to gender discrimination, employers retaliation against workers who claim sex discrimination, and
conclusively, legal ways of proving sex discrimination and their remedies.
Types of Sex Discrimination
The Sex Discrimination Act 1975 (as amended) identifies three types of discrimination. These are: (1) direct discrimination; (2) indirect
discrimination; and (3) victimisation (Chandler et al., 2003). The 1975 Act, with certain exceptions, applies equally to men and women. It not only
forbids discrimination on grounds of sex or gender reassignment but discrimination also against married persons in the employment field. The 1975
Act is, of course, primarily directed towards the protection of women (SDA 1975, ss 1,2,3 & 4).
Features of the Workplace that Contribute to Gender Discrimination
Gender discrimination occurs in a number of settings. Men and women are perceived differently, are assigned different roles and are assumed to have
different characteristics in most settings, for example household chores like
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Thesis Statement On Sexual Harassment
Abstract
Sexual assault is a dangerous behavior that is widely spread in our societies all around the world. Some studies show that this kind of problem is due
to several accidents that have occurred in a person's childhood or adulthood. It has negative effects on a victim's life. The paper offers insights about
this topic with several references and quotes from many experts. However, the term sexual harassment is defined and explained thoroughly. The causes
of this serious problem are presented and then the several harmful effects are mentioned and explained. A few approaches can be followed in order to
prevent this offense from happening again, hoping to save the lives of many people.
Keywords : sexual harassment , widely spread, victim , dangerous, accidents, childhood, adulthood, causes, harmful , approaches, prevent, save. Outline:
Thesis statement: Sexual harassment is an ongoing issue. From everyday workplaces to daily encounters, sexual assault is still a concern in our daily
life and has yet to be generally recognized.
I– Categories and causes A–Categories 1. Physical abuse 2. Verbal abuse B–Causes 1. Mental disorders 2. Attachment and neglect in early childhood
...show more content...
Traumatic problems 2. Mental chaos
B– Prevention Sexual harassment is an uninvited and unwelcome verbal or physical behavior of a sexual nature, especially by a person in authority
toward a subordinate, as per the Merriam–Webster dictionary. This behavior is present in a large number in our societies and we can see such
situations at many places, from every day workplaces to daily encounters. A person can be harassed in different manners and it has several
consequences on the victims. Sexual assault is still a concern in our daily life and has yet to be generally recognized and it should be prevented. I–
Categories and causes A–Categories
1– Physical
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Sex Discrimination Essay

  • 1. Sex Discrimination Essay As a marketing manager you have recently turned down Nancy Conrad for a position as sales supervisor. Nancy believes the denial was due to her gender and she has filed a sex discrimination charge with the EEOC. Explain the steps the EEOC will use to process the charge; include Nancy's options during the process. Determine the likelihood of success of Nancy's discrimination claim from the EEOC data base (available through www.eeoc.gov). Describe the basic precautions you should take so you might prevail in her claim. In some instances, individuals feel that they were not hired due to race, gender, age, if she is over 40, disability or religion. (EEOC 2010) This may or may not be the situation in Nancy's case. To ensure that Nancy...show more content... We do not, however, file lawsuits in all cases where we find discrimination." (EEOC 2010) If Nancy was indeed not hired due to her gender, the company will have to pay monetary damages. The EEOC has a fair record in regard to damages. "In FY 2009, we received 93,277 private sector charges of discrimination. We also received 2,728 charges through net transfers from state and local Fair Employment Practices Agencies (FEPAs). We achieved 85,980 resolutions, with a merit factor resolution rate of 20.3%. (Merit factor resolutions include mediation and other settlements and cause findings, which, if not successfully conciliated, are considered for litigation.) (EEOC 2010) To avoid such an occurrence from happening, the company needs to do use a hiring agency that will test the applicants based on skills that pertain to the position at hand and weed out those who score lowly; hire the individual that closest matches the job skill set; advertise that a degree is mandatory for the position. All of these steps will ensure that whomever is hired was hired due to him or her being most qualified for the position and that gender did not play a role in the decision. It must be noted that even when a ruling is made, it could be appealed, such as the Wal–Mart sex discrimination case. "The lawsuit argues that female workers were paid less and received fewer promotions at Wal–Mart than male Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 2. Gender Discrimination GENDER DISCRIMINATION By Nkechi AGBOGO TABLE OF CONTENT 1. Abstract 2. Introduction 3. What does sex discrimination cover 4. Sex discrimination possible scenes 5. Forms of sex discrimination 6. Reasons for sex discrimination 7. Policies which should help reduce gender discrimination 8. Conclusion 9. Reference ABSTRACT Gender discrimination is an acute and persistent problem, especially in developing countries. This paper argues that gender discrimination is an inefficient practice. The distortions in the allocation of talent between managerial and unskilled positions, and in human capital investment, are analyzed. It is...show more content... While gender discrimination happens to both men and women in individual situations, discrimination against women is an entrenched, global pandemic. The world today is characterised by rapid transformations in all spheres of life that is globalization. By this time of globalization, struggle for gender equality is a matter of concern also. For example, major progress has been made in closing the gender gap in school enrolments at both primary and secondary levels. The rapid growth of the garment industry has provided a large number of ceremonial sector jobs for all genders. Moreover, the society belongs to us is highly patriarchal and gender discrimination is common at all levels of community. Women are reliant on men throughout the whole time of their lives. The range starts from father to husbands to sons. The constitutional affirmations of gender equality are also present in our country. However, the state legislation always overlooks the rights of women. From time to time, women, young girls and female children are more underprivileged than male in their access to education, employment, health care services etc. Traditionally, women are recognised only for reproductive purposes and are encouraged to do only household works other than outside works. CHAPTER 2 WHAT DOES SEX DISCRIMINATION COVER? Sex discrimination covers four areas: 1) Direct discrimination 2) Indirect discrimination 3) Harassment 4) Victimisation
  • 3. 1. direct discrimination: This involves Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 4. Sexual Identity Discrimination Sexual Identity Discrimination According to the American Psychological Association, sexual orientation is defined as "an enduring pattern of emotional, romantic, and/or sexual attractions to men, women, or both sexes" (APA, 2008). Moreover, the definition offered suggests that sexual orientation does not solely relate as a characteristic of an individual but is most reflective of a relationship with another individual (APA, 2008). In the United States, those with a sexual orientation described as lesbian, gay, transgender or bisexual have faced discrimination, violence and prejudice based on their sexual orientation. Throughout the 1970's, 80's and into the 1990's public opinion polls indicated a significant rate of violence and harassment targeted towards those individuals identified as or self identified as belonging to the gay, lesbian, or homosexual community. With HIV/AIDs becoming more prevalent and the national and international scare associated with the disease, the gay and lesbian community was the primary target. Public opinion was vocal and negative. Homophobia was not just an American sentiment. Throughout the world, in Latin America and Africa, the spread of HIV/AIDS was associated with gay men in particular and the sentiment regarding these individuals was highly stigmatized and very negative. These pervasive attitudes fueled violent episodes that made the news from country to country and around the world (Avert, web). Some even argue that the reason Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 5. Sexual Orientation Discrimination Essay Running Head: DISCRIMINATION HR Management Issue – Sexual Orientation Discrimination Table of Contents Introduction ............................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Sexual Orientation Discrimination Definition ............................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Explanation of Topic ............................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Background of Issue ............................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Challenges this issue Presents Workplace Discrimination ............................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Recommended Organizational Response ............................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Projection about...show more content... Sexual Orientation Discrimination Everyone agrees that workplace discrimination has no place in the modern business world. But not everyone understands the laws that protect employees against discrimination. In this case, what you don't know can hurt you, especially if an aggrieved employee files a discrimination claim. Definition According to an article published by Workplace Fairness, a non–profit organization that provides information and education on employee rights, sexual orientation discrimination means treating someone differently solely because of his or her sexual orientation whether it be homosexual, bisexual, or heterosexual. This discrimination may occur because of a perception of someone whether the perception is right or wrong. Someone who is discriminated against on the basis of sexual orientation may also be discriminated against or harassed on the basis of sex, gender identity, disability, such as actual or perceived HIV status, and/or marital status. This is very important to Human Resource Professionals because they are the ones that make sure organization objectives are being met, and policies are being followed. It is the Human Resource professionals that deal with staffing, compensation, safety and health, training and development as well as employee and labor relations issues. Therefore if any situations in the workplace occur Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 6. Arguments Against Sex Selection For decades, sex selection has been a controversial issue, choosing the sex of a child is viewed as a justifiable act since there is no harm done to anyone .I believe that gender selection creates balance in a family and culturally viewed as a desirable practice to fulfill social norms. However others ethicists believe that sex selection reinforce the idea of sexual discrimination within our societies (Caulfield & Brownsword, 2012).This explains why there are renewed efforts from civil societies and government to analyze arguments presented by different authors who either support or oppose sex selection. This essay analyzes the meaning of human dignity from two different perspectives, the essay examines how human dignity is defined by our expression of choices and as an inherent value by the society. Based on a case study, the essay describes the social attitudes, norms and circumstance that influence such choices and their impact on our understanding of human dignity. The essay presents justifications of particular actions concerning sex selection and analyzes some of the features of human dignity that can be put at risk due to actions arising from these two perspectives mentioned therein above. Perspective 1: The concept of human dignity Human dignity is defined based on the belief that dignity is inherent; hence, human beings posses specific capabilities that are not found in other creatures. However, people define human dignity differently. Some people view human Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 7. Sexual Orientation Discrimination Prejudice in the Workplace. Sexual orientation is "the clear, persistent desire of a person for affiliation with one sex rather than the other", otherwise known as sexual preference. (http://medical–dictionary.thefreedictionary.com) Prejudice against lesbians, gays, bisexuals, and transsexuals (otherwise known as LGBT people) remain widespread in American society. LGBT people have always been a target for discrimination. Like other forms of prejudice, this discrimination is based on a hostile attitude toward a specific group and in this case minority. The current strides in the controversy of the legalization of the same sex marriage is a prime example of this discrimination. Sexual orientation prejudice ...show more content... Because of this many of them arrive to work in fear of rejection or being 'outed' causing them to lose their job. As discovered by expert Cosby Burns "Discrimination and unequal treatment on the job inflicts significant economic harm on gay and transgender public–sector employees and their families." (http://www.americanprogress.org) Many open homosexuals will be turned down for employment just because of their sexual orientation despite qualifications, even though it is completely irrelevant to their skills and no one's business but their own. Twenty states in the U.S currently have laws prohibiting the discrimination based on sexual orientation in public, as well as private jobs. These states include Colorado, Connecticut, Hawaii, Illinois, Iowa, Main, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, Oregon, Rhode Island, Vermont, Washington Wisconsin and California. As found by California lawyers, the number of cases filed with the California Department of Fair Employment and Housing, or DFEH, pertaining to employment discrimination based on sexual orientation has "increased from 636 in 2001, to 714 in 2005 and to 821 in 2008. In 2011, the number of sexual orientation employment discrimination cases filed with DFEH spiked to 1,104." This drastic increase may be attributed to the advocacy of equality in marriage laws in California and in other Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 8. Sexual Discrimination And Gender Discrimination Introduction Today, labor market is gradually opening and growing up. But during the course of my work, I find some companies usually present many requirements such as sex, age and study experience etc. In fact, every demand is a kind of employment discrimination. The sex discrimination of employment the female encounter is especially extrusive. At present, females of China more and more fall in a weak position in employment market. So, what is gender discrimination? Gender discrimination, also known as sexual discrimination, is any action that specifically denies opportunities, privileges, or rewards to a person (or a group) because of gender. The practice of letting a person 's gender become a factor when deciding who receives a job or a promotion, is gender discrimination. In other words, sex or gender discrimination is treating individuals differently in their employment specifically because an individual is a woman or a man. If you have been rejected for employment, fired, or otherwise harmed in employment because of your sex or gender, then you may have suffered sex or gender discrimination. According to the second phase of Chinese women 's social status survey data published in 2001, from the look, the gender income gap was widening between men and women; rural women and men by the large gap between the level of education. Participation of women in state and social affairs decision–making is still low. The existence of these phenomena have complex causes, but can Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 9. Sexual Discrimination: Article Analysis This article explains sexual discrimination and its meaning. In this article, Jackson, a high school teacher and girl's basketball coach, in Birmingham, Alabama, feels he was being discriminated against because he confronted school officials about unfair treatment to his team. When he became the girl's basketball coach, he noticed that the girl's team was not getting properly taken care of as far as funding and equipment, like the boy's team. After noticing, Jackson talked about his concerns to his school's supervisors. He was unsuccessful, instead, he received negative work evaluations and was eventually fired or removed from being the girl's coach. He felt as if his position was taken away in retaliation because of his complaint. He then brought a suit against the Birmingham Board of Education with the complaint of retaliation because he complained about the unequal teams, and that it was a violation of Title IX of the education amendments....show more content... His suit was later dismissed on the grounds of the actual Title IX. It states that no one should be discriminated on based on their sex, not retaliation. The district, the Eleventh Circuit, and the appeals court all concluded that this was a case of retaliation, not sexual discrimination. There was no Title IX violation. It was stated that Jackson's case was not accepted because he was an "indirect victim of sexual discrimination." Yes, the girl's team was discriminated against, but he was no part of the team. He was just the coach. It was wrong of the school supervisors to terminate him of his position because he cared enough about his team to speak up about unfair treatment. Maybe if he would have filed a suit on different grounds, he would have had a much better Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 10. Sexual Identity, Discrimination, And Privilege The course of Multicultural psychology reflected in my own identity in relation to sexual identity, discrimination, and privilege. Before coming into this course my understanding of these concepts was mediocre, but after learning about the impacts of each I now see a different perspective. My understanding of these concepts evolved and changed over time by learning new information about each separately and applying each to my own life. Now my knowledge is beyond mediocre. My identity relating to sexual identity was pretty set before coming into this course. I knew even from a kid I was straight, because I was constantly looking at guys as well as talking about how cute they were. Nonetheless, I followed the pretty stereotypical roles of a girl growing up. I played with dolls and loved pink and anything with glitter really. When I was younger, my knowledge about sexual...show more content... I remember a kid in our class, whose name I do not recall speaking about the discrimination he faced about being gay. He was told to act like a man and not like a girl. He felt like he was being discriminated against because he was different. This hurt me because it's not fair to feel that way. Our class also discussed the type of discrimination that African Americans face when it comes to their beauty. Attributes that African Americans already posses is popular by social media, but they are not recognized for their beauty. Only white people seem to get all of the attention. By being white, this hurt me and made me feel bad about my race is discriminating others. From this class I can learn how to love all types of people no matter color, race etc. I can use this in the future whenever I am in the workplace. I believe that we get treated how we treat others and that is my motto. We should not discriminate, because I know and others know how much it can impact an individual's Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 11. Sexual & Racial Discrimination Essay Scott Kim Communications 10 Prof. M. Goldstein Katharine Hepburn, Harvey Milk, Fred Korematsu, and Kenneth Clark were all leaders representing minorities in America. These deviants to society made efforts to bring about positive cultural changes in times of strong sexual or racial discrimination. Great improvements have been made as a result of the contributions these citizens made to our country. In 1930's America, the public view on gays and lesbians were not as liberal as they are today. It wasn't until influential figures like Katharine Hepburn and Harvey Milk caused up a stir in social politics that changes were made. Katharine Hepburn was a successful Hollywood actor with major roles in big screen films as well as in...show more content... His death came as a shock to the gay community and he is often seen as a martyr who died for the cause. Racism is a disease that is deeply ingrained in American society. It has its roots in the colonial era when slaves were brought over from Africa to help build this country. Since then, every new wave of immigrants with a different face or culture was faced with discrimination by the "White Christian Male". African Americans had endured the worst end of racism for decades under the hands of the white man as well as other ethnicities that assimilated with the WEM's (White European Male). Consequently, the culture and psyche of Black Americans had been bruised and many of them have a self–hating complex that regard anything of white culture to be superior to his or her own. Kenneth Clark was a psychologist who set out, once and for all, to prove that segregation is institutionalized racism. His "black doll/white doll" study is a great contribution to racial studies and it is used even to this day. Before the 60's, the US had laws in place on how many immigrants of Asian descent would be permitted into the country. Even before that, the Japanese immigrants who were already settled in America faced much discrimination from the majority culture, though not nearly as severe as what the black people faced. Even so, they were still considered second–class to white people and were often not treated Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 12. Discrimination Based On Sexual Orientation Essay The criminal just system should view all people no matter what their race, gender, or social class is. In a world where Lesbians, gays, bisexuals, and transgender people are being slandered, it is hard for them to get jobs because of their sexual preferences or how they identify. Gays and lesbians who choose to come out around "straight" people they work with will probably face at least some (if not much) discrimination. During work, "discrimination based on sexual orientation must not be tolerated in any form in modern law enforcement. Instead of prejudice and intolerance, police departments and chief executives should embrace a "Do Ask, Do Tell" attitude toward gays and lesbians (Winchell, 2008)". They will go out of their way to cause harm either (physically/ mentally), professional humiliation, and the refusal of some heterosexual officers to work in close proximity with the LGBT officers. Instead of discriminating on others, officers should begin to judge based on the quality of their work and strength of character. A survey of police officers in South West USA showed pattern of resistance to the employment of LGBT officers with 69% of their respondents reporting that these individuals do not belong in law enforcement and 85% asserting that gay men would not be able to perform their job as well as others (Mallory, Hasenbush, & Sears, 2015)". Another reason most agency lack diversity is that the "recruitment efforts of police departments are often too broad and fail to Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 13. Sexual Discrimination And Gender Discrimination Sexual discrimination, sex based discrimination, gender discrimination or sexism is a type of prejudice or discrimination based on a person 's sex or gender usually by the opposite gender. Thus, it generally refers to discrimination against a male by a female or a female by a male. Feminism can therefore be considered a form of sexism. More often than not however, sexism is commonly applied to the unfair treatment of women, the denial of opportunity to women or an injustice towards women, which is how this paper will discuss the concept. This sexism or sex based discrimination stems from male chauvinism or the belief that the male gender is more superior than the female gender; androcentrism or the conscious or unconscious penchant to put things in the male perspective; machismo or the sense of masculine pride or patriarchy, a social system in which males are the primary authority figures. (Goode & Ben–Yehuda, 2010, p220–221) Sexism or the discrimination of women is one of the most common, oldest and most rampant types of social discrimination, which had persistently and insidiously permeated different aspects of society that in turn help validate and reinforce the discrimination. The three largest religions in the world namely Judaism, Christianity and Islam for instance shared the common belief about the patriarchal origins of humanity in which God first created Adam whereas Eve was created out from his ribs. (Lippert–Rasmussen, 2014, p263) Even the religious concept Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 14. Sexual Discrimination Essay Sexual discrimination has been a rampant part of the society that traces its roots back to the mid–20th century and is very much prevalent to the society of the United States. This irrepressible outlook towards the difference of the two genders affected every known sector of the community, and it did not leave the field of media unaffected. This ideology paved the way for feminist writers, which are women who would like to be treated in the same way as their male counterparts are experiencing. These writers represented the women in the society and voiced out their grievances, which more often than not, biased to the female demography. As time goes by, the public become more rational in their attitude towards the women and thus, initiating...show more content... This reporting has been initiated by women for a desire to attain equality in every aspect of the society, in politics, economy, and the like, but has gone through a wild twist as "radical feminists" desired to achieve superiority above men. These reporters believe that the women are capable of what the men can do, at the same time had the yearning to end oppression and harassment towards the female race. On the other hand, the reporters who practice gender–sensitivity lean towards a certain code where they are cautious of what they write about in their articles. They alter certain words to be objective in their way of reporting and at the same time, not look bias towards a certain gender class of our society. The knowledge of men's superiority in the community is very prevalent that this gender–sensitive writers and reporters tend to settle down the dispute amid feminist ideologists and masculine thinkers, to who is better between male and female, and be neutral in their stand in relation to this topic through the way of how they deliver the news. It takes time to vigilantly watch the terminologies they use to not make an impression to both sexes that one is superior over the other and vice versa. These writers carefully choose their words in the headline, as well as the body of their news articles. The distinct difference between these two ideologies in reporting is that feminism is very much inclined towards the rights and desire of the women in Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 15. Sexual Orientation Discrimination Research To start off with, people all over the world are struggling with sexual orientation discrimination. Whether it's at school or work people still being harassed. In addition, no matter what grade kids are in, they are getting bullied in schools because of their sexual orientation. People who have experienced violence can greatly affect their education and health which could lead to suicidal thoughts. According to a HRC survey, LGBTQ kids are twice as likely to be harassed verbally and attacked than their heterosexual peers. Which could lead to educational and mental problems later on. Additionally, no matter how old they are, instead of focusing on their grades and career, LGBTQ youth spend more time worrying about being bullied and harassed. Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 16. Sexual Discrimination Sexual harassment is a form of sexual discrimination that violates the laws enacted under title VII. In education, sexual harassment is considered sex discrimination. Allegations of sexual harassment should be reported first through the companies grievance procedures and secondly to the EEOC. Victims of sexual harassment are not members of protected class; however the occurrence of harassment can place them in a position to file complaint with the EEOC as sex discrimination. Sexual harassment can occur to any person of any gender. Sexual harassment can happen in a variety of circumstances which the victim as well as the harasser may be a women or a man. The victim does not have to be the person harassed but could be anyone affected by the...show more content... As a result of this behavior it may undermine this individual's dignity. It is often difficult to draw a line between what is acceptable and what is unacceptable in the work environment. This form of discrimination called sexual harassment can very well manifest itself in terms of physical and psychological acts. Physically, the harassee may be the victim of pinching, grabbing, hugging, patting, leering, brushing, against and forms of touching. Psychological harassment can occur through the proposal of physical intimacy by requesting dates and sexual favors. Also, many people think sexual harassment only occurs between two workers in the workplace, or an employee and supervisor. This is not completely true; sexual harassment can be caused by a customer who continuously suggests inappropriate gestures that make an employee feel uncomfortable. He may for example come to her job all the time and ask her out on a date or try to hug and touch the employee. This could create a hostile work environment if the employee complains about this customer behavior to a manager or supervisor and nothing is done to prevent the sexual harassment. This company could be held liable for damages this employee suffered while employed by this company. Sex and sensuality is everywhere we look, from magazines to Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 17. Gender equality is about equal opportunity for men and women to identify their individual potential. One must be able to benefit from their participation in society and contribute to the economic and social development of their country (Australian Government. 2009). Through multiple reviewed literature on gender inequality, the overall concept within many sociological readings was the way gender inequality socially relates to employment and careers. There are three separate themes that intersect within the written literature that will be discussed. First, gender differences in historical social roles have created stereotypes on the contemporary outlooks of the social attitude. Secondly, through beliefs and values, career pathways...show more content... "Children are able to identify feminine and masculine categories, similar to the perception of adults, from socialization through family, school and media" (Gadassi and Gati, 2009). Some of the prominent social roles of males and females in historical years are contributing to the contemporary roles that are acceptable in society. Women have continued to have hours of unpaid work while taking care of their children and domestic work, while males are still considered as the providers for their family and solely contributing to their household. In a study done in 2005, statistical analysis revealed that 90% of women do 4.3 hours, on average, of unpaid work a day and 69% of men do 2.5 hours, on average, of unpaid work a day (Dr. Fetner, 2010). "Traditional gender roles, have set out desirable qualities and behaviours for men and women" and as research has shown, "social roles determine the accepted behavioral norms for genders and encourage gender differences in interests and activities" (Gadassi and Gati, 2009). The male and female socioeconomic ideologies of masculinity and femininity influence our perceptions of social roles. "The link between internalization of gender roles and how one fits into the social structure are forces that contribute to change and stability in social roles" (Ridgeway, 2009). Picking aspects of ones social goals should also affect self selection into these roles (Ridgeway, 2009). Values and Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 18. Essay On Sex Discrimination In The Workplace 1. Should transgender employees be considered by the courts to be a protected class under Title VII 's prohibition of sex discrimination in the workplace? I agree that transgender employee should be considered by the courts to be a protected class under Title VII's prohibition of sex discrimination in the workplace. Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 makes it illegal to discriminate against someone on the basis of race, color, religion, national origin, or sex. Sex refers to the biological and physiological characteristics that define men and women; while, gender refers to the socially constructed roles, behaviors, activities, and attributes that a given society considers appropriate for men and women.(World Health Org.) A...show more content... 1. The employee is in a protected class (based on race, gender, and so on). 2. The employee was qualified for the position. 3. The employee was rejected for the position ––the candidate was not hired, or the employee was not promoted or was fired, and, 4. An employee outside of the protected class was selected for the position, or the employer continued to look for candidates. Roberts protected class would be gender and from the facts of the case Robert did not have any complaints from his peers or other workers prior to his change in the beginning of the school year. However it is not clear from the facts stated here. Roberts prevails in the first two prongs but is likely to fail in the third and fourth. The school did not terminate Roberts nor were they looking for another candidate to fill his position. Instead, Officer Roberts was summoned to CCSD police department headquarters and required to sit and read the memo prohibited CCSD police department employees from using children 's restrooms unless prior authorization was secured from the school principal. Therefore, Roberts would not have be able to establish enough evidence based on these facts to form a prima facie case of discrimination. Nevertheless, Roberts has a cliam for a hostle enivornment. In a hostile environment: "Harassment becomes unlawful where 1) enduring the offensive conduct becomes Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 19. Essay about Sex Discrimination Introduction Discrimination involves action toward individuals on the basis of their group membership; Baron and Byrne (1994) defined discrimination as prejudice in action. Discrimination can take a very overt form (e.g., refusal to hire women into certain jobs), but in many instances, gender discrimination involves the degree to which the workplace is open to versus resistant to the participation of women. Although many discussions of gender discrimination have focused on the ways managers and supervisors treat men and women, gender discrimination could involve managers, co–workers, subordinates, clients, or customers. In general, gender discrimination include behaviours occurring in the workplace that limit the target person's ability ...show more content... Additionally, some specific features of the workplace appear to contribute to prejudice and discrimination against both men and women. This research will try to identify and assess gender issues and discrimination in the workplace by looking at various types of sex discrimination, features of the workplace that contribute to gender discrimination, employers retaliation against workers who claim sex discrimination, and conclusively, legal ways of proving sex discrimination and their remedies. Types of Sex Discrimination The Sex Discrimination Act 1975 (as amended) identifies three types of discrimination. These are: (1) direct discrimination; (2) indirect discrimination; and (3) victimisation (Chandler et al., 2003). The 1975 Act, with certain exceptions, applies equally to men and women. It not only forbids discrimination on grounds of sex or gender reassignment but discrimination also against married persons in the employment field. The 1975 Act is, of course, primarily directed towards the protection of women (SDA 1975, ss 1,2,3 & 4). Features of the Workplace that Contribute to Gender Discrimination Gender discrimination occurs in a number of settings. Men and women are perceived differently, are assigned different roles and are assumed to have different characteristics in most settings, for example household chores like Get more content on HelpWriting.net
  • 20. Thesis Statement On Sexual Harassment Abstract Sexual assault is a dangerous behavior that is widely spread in our societies all around the world. Some studies show that this kind of problem is due to several accidents that have occurred in a person's childhood or adulthood. It has negative effects on a victim's life. The paper offers insights about this topic with several references and quotes from many experts. However, the term sexual harassment is defined and explained thoroughly. The causes of this serious problem are presented and then the several harmful effects are mentioned and explained. A few approaches can be followed in order to prevent this offense from happening again, hoping to save the lives of many people. Keywords : sexual harassment , widely spread, victim , dangerous, accidents, childhood, adulthood, causes, harmful , approaches, prevent, save. Outline: Thesis statement: Sexual harassment is an ongoing issue. From everyday workplaces to daily encounters, sexual assault is still a concern in our daily life and has yet to be generally recognized. I– Categories and causes A–Categories 1. Physical abuse 2. Verbal abuse B–Causes 1. Mental disorders 2. Attachment and neglect in early childhood ...show more content... Traumatic problems 2. Mental chaos B– Prevention Sexual harassment is an uninvited and unwelcome verbal or physical behavior of a sexual nature, especially by a person in authority toward a subordinate, as per the Merriam–Webster dictionary. This behavior is present in a large number in our societies and we can see such situations at many places, from every day workplaces to daily encounters. A person can be harassed in different manners and it has several consequences on the victims. Sexual assault is still a concern in our daily life and has yet to be generally recognized and it should be prevented. I– Categories and causes A–Categories 1– Physical Get more content on HelpWriting.net