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MAGLEV TECH. SEMINAR.pptx
1. MAGLEV TECHNOLOGY
TANPURE MAULI MADHUKAR
ROLL NO ; 194157
UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF
MRS.S.Y.SANAP
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC NASHIK
3. ABSTRACT
• Maglev trains use magnetism to levitate above the tracks on which they travel. They are
faster, more efficient, and more environmentally friendly than modern wheeled trains. It
may be that one day soon, maglev technology will be commonplace throughout the world.
This Seminar reviews the history of these trains, how they work, as well as their benefits
and drawbacks. It also discusses the importance of electrical engineering in developing
maglev, and how electrical engineers can make this technology the next transportation
revolution.
4. INTRODUCTION
• Imagine a train without wheels. Instead of rolling along the track, it quietly floats above and
glides smoothly from origin to destination without ever touching a rail. This may sound like
science fiction, but instances of this technology already exist in a number of places in the
world. They are known as maglev trains (derived from the term magnetic levitation). These
futuristic locomotives offer many new and exciting possibilities for travel. They have the
potential for being faster, safer, and more energy efficient than conventional transportation
systems.
5. LEVITATION
• How does it work?
• Maglev trains do not have wheels or rails. They have guideways, and they float down these
guideways without ever touching them.
• Levitation is the ability for the train to stay suspended above the track. There are two
important types of levitation technology:
6. ELECTROMAGNETIC SUSPENSION (EMS):
• EMS uses the attractive force of electromagnets placed on the guideway and on the train to
achieve levitation. The benefits of this method are that it is simpler to implement than
electrodynamic suspension (discussed below), and that it maintains levitation at zero speed.
The drawbacks are that the system is inherently unstable. At high speeds, it becomes
difficult to maintain the correct distance between train and guideway. If this distance cannot
be kept, the train will fail to levitate and come grinding to a halt. To account for this, EMS
requires complex feedback-control systems to ensure the train is always stable.
7. ELECTRODYNAMIC SUSPENSION (EDS):
• EDS uses the repulsive force of (superconducting) magnets placed on the guideway and on
the train to achieve levitation. The magnets move past each other while the train is running
and generate the repulsive force. The benefits of this method are that it is incredibly stable
at high speeds. Maintaining correct distance between train and guideway is not a concern
(lee, 2006). The drawbacks are that sufficient speed needs to be built up in order for the
train to levitate at all. Additionally, this system is much more complex and costly to
implement.
8. PROPULSION
• Propulsion is the force that drives the train forward. Maglev uses an electric linear motor to
achieve propulsion. A normal electric rotary motor uses magnetism to create torque and
spin an axle. It has a stationary piece, the stator, which surrounds a rotating piece, the rotor.
The stator is used to generate a rotating magnetic field. This field induces a rotational force
on the rotor, which causes it to spin. A linear motor is simply an unrolled version of this.
The stator is laid flat and the rotor rests above it. Instead of a rotating magnetic field, the
stator generates a field that travels down its length. Similarly, instead of a rotating force, the
rotor experiences a linear force that pulls it down the stator. Thus, an electric linear motor
directly produces motion in a straight line. However, this motor can only produce a force
while the rotor is above the stator. Once the rotor has reached the end, it stops moving.
9. THE FUTURE OF MAGLEV
• Maglev technology holds great promise for the future. It has the potential to be a
cheaper, faster, safer, and greener form of transportation than we have today. And
with the help of some electrical engineers, it will become all of these things. There
are possible applications for this technology in anything from intercity public
transportation to cross-country trips. There are even proposals to build long
underground tubes, suck the air out of the tubes, and place maglev trains inside of
them. In this setting there would be virtually no wind resistance, so a train could
easily reach speeds exceeding the speed of sound While it may be a long time before
this technology becomes prevalent, it is difficult to deny that it will at some point be
prevalent. The advantages are too hard to ignore. As of now there is only one
commercial maglev train in use, and it has already eclipsed everything that has
come before it. How will this technology evolve and improve as we move into the
future? Only time will tell. But it is highly plausible that we now stand at the
precipice of a transportation revolution. I, for one, look forward to gliding across
the countryside at 300 mph in a levitating box of magnets.
10. DRAWBACKS OF MAGLEV
• Although there are many upsides, there are still reasons why maglev trains are not being
built everywhere. Perhaps the biggest reason is that maglev guideways are not compatible
with existing rail infrastructure. Any organization attempting to implement a maglev
system must start from scratch and build a completely new set of tracks. This involves a
very high initial investment. Even though guideways cost less than rails over time it is hard
to justify spending so much upfront. Another problem is that maglev trains travel fast, but
they might not travel quite fast enough. Countries with high-speed rails already in place
don’t want to spend billions of dollars implementing a system that is only marginally better
than the existing solution. The market for these trains just isn’t very large at the moment. It
is hard to dispute that these trains are superior to standard ones. Regardless, more work
needs to be done before it is worth implementing them worldwide.
11. BENEFITS OF MAGLEV
• The most obvious attraction of maglev trains is that they can travel faster than traditional
rail trains. The only commercial high-speed maglev, the shanghai maglev, is now the fastest
train in existence. It travels over 50 mph (80 kph) faster than the fastest high-speed wheel-
rail. And it is only the first. The lack of friction between the train and the guideway removes
many limits that bound traditional trains. Maglev will only get faster from here . There are
other, more subtle qualities that also make maglev attractive:
• Longevity: conventional wheels and rails undergo a great deal of stress over time. They
must be replaced and repaired periodically to remain functional. In maglev, there is no
contact between train and guideway, so there is substantially less wear-and-tear. The
lifespan of maglev parts are appropriately much longer due to this fact. Economically, this
is quite an incentive, as repair and maintenance are costly and time-consuming activities.
12. • Safety: it might seem counter-intuitive that these trains are safer, as they travel so much faster
than their wheeled counterparts. It is true nevertheless. Maglev trains are near impossible to
derail . it would take something like complete guideway collapse to part a train from its track.
Additionally, weather isn’t much of a problem. Since the trains don’t rely on friction for
movement, snow, ice, and rain cause little to no effect . finally, it is easy to elevate the guideways.
If the trains are running on tracks ten feet above the ground, there is a smaller chance of
collision with an object on its path.
• Energy efficiency: another benefit of levitation is that these trains don’t lose any energy to
friction. This gives them an advantage in efficiency. Energy consumption is essential to the
success of a transportation system. Much of the cost of operating one goes to paying for power.
Therefore this edge in efficiency is very important. However, while maglev trains are more
efficient, they are currently not substantially more efficient than modern high-speed rail. They
do, though, have the potential to be far superior in this category.
13. • Environmental impact: maglev trains can make tighter turns than high-speed rails can.
This allows guideways to be built which can navigate train much better. The paths can be
engineered to have as little effect on the environment as possible. Guideways also take up
less area than rails do. This further reduces environmental impact. And, as noted before,
guideways are easily elevated off the ground . plants and animals alike are safer with the the
train traveling above them, and not barreling by right next to them.
• Noise pollution: when considering a transportation project, noise (within reasonable
bounds) isn’t as large a concern as economy or safety. However, noise reduction is still
considered a positive feature. Maglev trains are quieter than contemporary trains, so this is
another point in their favor.
14. FUTURE EXPANSIONS
In the far future maglev technology are hoped to be used to transport vast Volumes of water
to far regions at a greater speed eliminating droughts.
Far more, space is an open door to maglev trains to propel space Shuttle and cargo into space
at a lower cost. Artist’s illustration of star Tram, a magnetically levitated low-pressure tube,
which can guide Spacecraft into the upper atmosphere.
Scientists hope future technologies can get the train to operate at a 6000km/h, since
theoretically the speed limit is limitless. But still, it’s a Long way to go.
15. CONCLUSION
• Overall, a maglev train seems to be more sustainable way of transportation. Although the costs of
constructing maglev trains are much expensive but there are many other positive factors that
overshadow this. Using superconducting magnets instead of fossil fuels, maglev will not emit
greenhouse gases into the atmosphere and can reduce the pollution. Also the track of a maglev train is
small compared to those of conventional trains and is elevated above the ground so the track will not
have a large effect on the topography of a region. Since a maglev train levitates above the track, it will
experience no mechanical friction, wear and thus will require very little maintenance. Considering
everything maglev has to offer, the transportation of our future and our children’s future is on very
capable tracks.
