Student Dezyne E'cole College , www.dezyneecole.com

1. PRODUCT DESIGN
Sonal Gupta
2nd Year Diploma In Commercial Design
NSQF Level6 Of NSDC
Dezyne E’cole College, www.dezyneecole.com

2. FRONTAL PARALLEL JOINTS
1
Frontal parallel joints are used to increase the length of beam elements.
They are commonly used in the production of upholstery frames, strips of
furniture boards, door rails and in joinery.
3
BEVELLED LAP JOINT
2 STRAIGHT LAP JOINT
SLANT LAP JOINT

3. 4
5
6
FRONTAL PARALLEL JOINTS
Frontal parallel joints are used to increase the length of beam elements.
They are commonly used in the production of upholstery frames, strips of
furniture boards, door rails and in joinery.
WEDGE JOINT
STRAIGHT BRIDLE JOINT
MULTI-WEDGE (FINGER) JOINT

4. 1
2
3
LONGITUDINAL PARALLEL JOINTS
Longitudinal parallel joints are used to increase the thickness and width of
beam elements. They are commonly used in the production of upholstery
frames, strips of furniture boards, door rails and in joinery, as well as large –
size building elements.
SPLINE RECTANGULAR
SPLINE TRAPEZOIDAL
SPLINE TRIANGULAR

5. 4
5
6
LONGITUDINAL PARALLEL JOINTS
Longitudinal parallel joints are used to increase the thickness and width of
beam elements. They are commonly used in the production of upholstery
frames, strips of furniture boards, door rails and in joinery, as well as large –
size building elements.
SPLINE SEMICIRCULAR
SPLINE RECTANGULAR WITH A LEDGE
SPLINE FRAMED

6. PERPENDICULAR FLAT L-TYPE JOINTS
SINGLE THROUGH MORTISE AND TENON JOINT
These joints are used to connect beam elements at an angle. In regard to the value of the
slant angle of adjoining elements, we distinguish perpendicular flat L-type joints and slant
flat L-type joints.
STRAIGHT LAP JOINT
Isometric ViewSection Views
Isometric ViewSection Views
1
2

7. SINGLE COVERED MORTISE AND TENON JOINT
SINGLE SEMI-COVERED MORTISE AND TENON JOINT
Isometric ViewCut Section
Isometric ViewCut Section
3
4

8. SINGLE SEPERATED MORTISE AND TENON JOINT
DOUBLE THROUGH MORTISE AND TENON JOINT
Cut Section
Cut Section
Isometric View
Isometric View
5
6

9. DOUBLE THROUGH MORTISE AND TENON JOINT
DOUBLE SEMI-COVERED MORTISE AND TENON JOINT
Cut Section
Cut Section
Isometric View
Isometric View
7
8

10. a
Single Covered Mortise And Tenon Joint
Perpendicular Flat T- Type Joints:
Double Mortise And Tenon Joint
Double Through Mortise And Tenon Jointc
b
Flat T-type Joints In Furniture Are Used For Connecting Bearing Structure Elements Of
Case And Skeletal Furniture. This group of joints includes single covered mortise and
tenon joints, dowel joints, double mortise and tenon joints, etc.
Cut Sections
Cut Sections
Cut Sections
Isometric View
Isometric View
Isometric View

11. d
Single Through Mortise And Tenon Joint With A Cap
Single Covered Mortise And Tenon Joint
Fin Lap Jointf
e
Cut Sections Isometric View
Cut Sections Isometric View
Cut Sections Isometric View

12. g
b
Straight Lap Joint
Flat X- Type Joints:
The X- type joints dominate mainly in joinery products. In furniture, they are used
occasionally to connect decorative elements of door panels and upholstery frames.
a
Cut Sections Isometric View
Cut Sections Isometric View
Cut Sections Isometric View

13. Plate Frontal Parallel Joints With Dowel:
Plate frontal parallel joints are used to increase the length of board elements. Joints with
dowel connectors or biscuit joints are most commonly used here.
Plate Longitudinal Parallel Joints With Dowel:
Plate longitudinal parallel joints are used to increase the width of board elements. They
usually used in the production of worktops, bottoms, top surfaces and side walls of case
furniture. Joints with dowel connectors or biscuit joints are most commonly used.
Cut Sections Isometric View
Cut Sections Isometric View
Cut Sections Isometric View
Cut Sections Isometric View
a
b
a
b

14. PLATE L-TYPE JOINT
1
Plate l-type joints are used to connect board elements at an angle. They are
commonly encountered in places of joining side walls with the bottom or
top and rear walls.
2
3
Double Dowel Joint
Single Separated Mortise & Tenon Joint
Single Semi Covered Mortise & Tenon Joint

15. PLATE L-TYPE JOINT
4
1
2
Double Dowel Joint
Bevel Lap Joint
Single Bevel Mortise And Tenon Joint
SLANT FLAT L-TYPE JOINT
Slant L-type joint are used to connect beam elements at an angle. In regard
to the value of the slant angle of adjoining elements slant angle amounts to
90 degree.

16. 3
4
Double Bevel Dowel Joint
SLANT FLAT L-TYPE JOINT
Covered Bevel Mortise And Tenon Joint

17. PLATE L-TYPE JOINTS
2
3
4
1
STRAIGHT DOVETAIL JOINT
SLANT DOVETAIL JOINT
SEMI- COVERED STRAIGHT DOVETAIL JOINT
COVERED STRAIGHT DOVETAIL JOINT
Elevations Isometric view
Isometric viewElevations
Elevations
Isometric view
Elevations Isometric view

18. Slant framed joints:d
Straight framed Joints:f
Slant framed joints:e
Cut Sections Isometric View
Cut Sections Isometric View
Cut Sections Isometric View

19. Bevel Spline Joints:g
Straight dovetail joints:i
Straight spline joints:h
Cut Sections Isometric View
Cut Sections Isometric View
Cut Sections Isometric View

20. PLATE T – TYPE JOINTS:
1
Plate T – Type joints are used to connect board elements of the bodies of case
furniture, in particular side walls, bottom boards and top surfaces with horizontal and
vertical elements, as well as connecting elements between one another.
2
3
Straight Dowel Joint
Regular Mortise and Tenon Joint
Full Spline Mortise and Tenon Joint

21. PLATE T – TYPE JOINTS:
4
Plate T – Type joints are used to connect board elements of the bodies of case
furniture, in particular side walls, bottom boards and top surfaces with horizontal and
vertical elements, as well as connecting elements between one another.
5
6
Full Spline Joint
Fin Unilateral Joint
Sharp Spline Joint

22. PLATE T – TYPE JOINTS:
7
Plate T – Type joints are used to connect board elements of the bodies of case
furniture, in particular side walls, bottom boards and top surfaces with horizontal and
vertical elements, as well as connecting elements between one another.
8
9
FIN BILATERAL JOINT
SPLINE JOINT
SPLINE FRAMED JOINT