This document provides an overview of the optic nerve and various optic neuropathies, including: - The general structure of the optic nerve and signs of dysfunction like reduced vision and visual field defects. - A classification of optic neuropathies including inflammatory, glaucomatous, traumatic, hereditary, and ischemic types. - Descriptions of specific conditions like papillitis, NAION, Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy, and various congenital optic disc abnormalities. - Details on infectious and non-infectious optic neuritis, including symptoms, signs, and etiologies.

2. DR. VIDYASHREE H T

3. PRESENTATION LAYOUT
General structure of optic nerve
Signs of optic nerve dysfunction
Classification of optic neuropathy
Optic atrophy
Congenital optic disc abnormalities

4. Optic nerve
About 47-50 mm in length
Divided into 4 parts:
Optic nerve
Intra ocular (1mm)
Intra orbital (30mm)
Intra canalicular (6mm)
Intracranial (10mm)

6. Signs of optic nerve dysfunction
Reduced VA
Dyschromatopsia
Diminished light brightness
sensitivity
Diminished contrast sensitivity
Visual field defects
RAPD

7. Classification of optic neuropathy
Inflammatory Glaucomatous
Papilloedematous
Traumatic
Hereditary
Ischaemic
Infiltrative
Nutritional and
toxic Compressive

8. Inflammatory
Demyelinating
Para infectious
InfectiousNon infectiousNeuroretinitis
PapilitisRetrobulbar
neuritis
Optic
neuritis
Ophthalmoscopic
appearance Etiology

10. Macular star

12. Clinical features
Symptoms
20 – 50 years
Monocular visual
impairment
Tiny white or
colored flashes
Pain in and
around eye
Frontal headache
Tenderness of
globe

13. Signs
VA 6/18 – 6/60
Impaired color
vision
RAPD
Normal
optic disc
Papillitis
Pallor
temporal disc

14. Papillitis

15. Temporal pallor

18. Infectious optic neuritis

19. Non infectious ON

20. Neuroretinitis
• Optic neuritis + signs of retinal / macular
inflammation.
• Cause: Infectious disease
Idiopathic

21. Diagnosis
Symptoms Signs
Painless U/L visual
impairment
Impaired VA
Papillitis + macular &
peripapillary edema
Macular star
Venous engorgement
Splincter haemorrhages

23. NAAION

24. Diagnosis

26. Arcuate scotoma

27. Hyperaemic
disc swelling
Splinter
haemorrhage

29. PALE CHALKY WHITE
EDEMATOUS DISC
AAION

34. Hyperaemic disc
swelling
Telangiectasia disc

39. Wedge shaped defect

40. Leber Hereditary ON

42. LEBER HEREDITARY OPTIC ATROPHY

43. Nutritional optic atrophy
Temporal paleness

44. Papilloedema

45. Stages of papilloedema

47. Classification
Primary optic atrophy
Consecutive optic
atrophy
Secoundary optic
atrophy

48. Depending on pathology
Ascending
Decending
Depending on extent
Partial Total

54. Tilted optic disc

55. Torsion disc
Myopic with tilted
disc

56. Optic disc pit

59. Optic disc drusen

60. Optic disc coloboma

61. Embryonic development of eye ball

63. CHORIORETINAL
COLOBOMA

64. Morning glory Anomaly

66. OPTIC DISC HYPOPLASIA

67. MYELINATED NERVE
FIBRES

68. AICARDI SYNDROME

69. BERGMEISTER PAPILLA

71. PERIPAPILLARY
STAPHYLOMA

72. OPTIC DISC APLASIA