New toolset to give your product portfolio a circular make over (by Gerd Van Cauteren)

1.3 New toolset to give your product portfolio a circular make-over 1
CONFIDENTIAL Template Innovation Day 2018CONFIDENTIAL
NEW TOOLSET TO GIVE YOUR PRODUCT
PORTFOLIO A CIRCULAR MAKE-OVER
Gerd Van Cauteren
Consultant Design & Innovation
Gerd.vancauteren@verhaert.com
TRACK 1 - CIRCULAR ECONOMY FOR A BETTER WORLD

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1
2
3
4
CONTENT
WHY ARE WE TALKING ABOUT CIRCULAR ECONOMY TODAY
LIGHT AS A SERVICE BUSINESS MODEL
ETAP LAAS CASE STUDY
CONCLUSION, Q&A

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WHY ARE WE TALKING ABOUT
CIRCULAR ECONOMY TODAY

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FROM TRASH TO CASH
ECO-DESIGN
CRADLE
TO
CRADLE
CIRCULAR
ECONOMY
environmental
impact
zero waste minimal usage
of resources
product design
& materials
product design
& lifetime
business model &
product design
80’s 90’s NOW

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TRANSITION FROM A LINEAR TO A CIRCULAR ECONOMY
Step plan
Focus
System boundaries
Reuse
LINEAR
Take-make-dispose
Eco-efficiency
Short term, from purchase to sales
Down cycling
CIRCULAR
Reduce-reuse-recycle
Eco-effectivity
Long term, multiple life cycles
Upcycling, cascading & high grade recycling

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Conceptual framework: the service ladder for capital goods manufacturers
Business model What services are provided?
Circular model
Service model
Maintenance model
Product sale
SERVICE FROM A SALE TO A CIRCULAR MODEL
Disassembly and/or reassembly of product (parts)
Return product
Take over risks (performance guarantee)
Maintenance
Operation and/or monitoring
Installation
None Adapted from ING Economical Agency

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Classic long life
CIRCULAR ECONOMY BUSINESS MODELS
Hybrid
Gas exploiter
Access
Performance
Product component of value proposition
Service component of value proposition
Adapted from ‘Product that last’

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“I told Philips, ‘Listen, I need so many hours of light
in my premises every year. If you think you need a
lamp, or electricity, or whatever – that’s fine. But I
want nothing to do with it. I’m not interested in the
product, just the performance. I want to buy light,
and nothing else”
- Thomas Rau, RAU Architects
LAAS - Light As A Service

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No initial investment for the customer
Modulated fee – fixed + pay per use
One single point of contact for the full lighting
lifecycle (one-stop shop)
De-worried of energy consumption (technology,
control, ...)
Unlimited access to new lighting technology in
terms of efficiency & performance (intensity,
comfort, ...)
Optimal lighting quality
Low maintenance costs / Predictable maintenance
costs
De-worried of maintenance planning & execution
(hassle-free)
Short reaction time in case of defect
Giving a circular destination to the product after use
Design for Maintainability & Repair
Design for Adaptability & Upgradability
Design for Reuse
Design for Sharing
Design for Performance
Design for Durability
Design for Reliability
Design to Standards & Compatibility
Design for Serviceability Design for
Recycling
Design for Disassembly
Design for Remanufacturing
…
finding an answer to Thomas Rau‘s question
SO YOU JUST WANT OPTIMAL LIGHT? OK FINE! NOW WHAT?
Redesign your business model Redesign your product

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ETAP LAAS - CASE STUDY
Objective
Methodology
Toolset

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PROJECT STAKEHOLDERS
Build a methodology for business
model, product and value chain
design for circular economy
business models, translated into a
toolset (checklists, templates,
guidelines, worksheets)
Explore the role of (product)
design in circular economy
business models, complemented
with a business case
1
2
The overall objective of the project is to
evaluate the (economic) added value of
product (and business model) design in new,
circular economy models based on services

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THE STRATEGIC CASE FOR ETAP - LIGHTING-AS-A-SERVICE
State-of-the-art lighting
technology puts pressure
on a sales based business
model
• LED lifetime
• High performance, high
LLMF (lamp lumen
maintenance factor)
Competition shifts
discussion to price (&
lower quality)
• Build relationship with
customer (vs. Installer)
Bringing sustainability closer
to the business
• Find ways to connect
sustainability to
economics & valorize it in
the market
• Eco-design (doing less
bad) > circular design
(doing more good)
Unlocking customer value
• Specific customer
segments are willing to pay
a premium for a worry-free
lighting model
• Customers are outsourcing
all non-core spend (focus)
• Customers withhold to
invest in a more expensive
technology; although being
more efficient in TCO

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METHODOLOGY
Explore the product
(portfolio)
Design the “as-a-service”
business model
Build the product (system)
blueprint
Analyze the current product
(system)
Redesign the product
(system)
Evaluate the business
model (costing)
• Select the best possible product for an “as-a-service” business model
• Explore the initial product design in terms of circular design strategies
• Make key strategic choices with the “as-a-service” business model: target
customer group, value proposition (incl. services), value chain blueprint
• Translate requirements from the “as-a-service” business model towards a
product system blueprint (hardware, software, services)
• Analyze the proposed product system in terms of failure modes, root
causes & mitigation
• Product focus: analyze in terms of lifetime, reliability & circular economy
• Product focus: build a roadmap for product redesign to optimally fit the
“as-a-service” business model.
• Evaluate the economic impact of different variants of “as-a-service”
business models
1
3
1
4
2
4
Phase
15 weeks
Explore
Analyze
Design
Objective Timing (weeks)

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Ref: DOCLOG-XXXX-DOC-A (edit in slide master)Document Title - yyyy.mm.dd (edit in slide master) 14
SOLVING A PUZZLE WITH MANY INTERLINKED PIECES
15 weeks
Product
selection
checklist
Preliminary
product design
evaluation
PAAS value
proposition
shaping (VPC)
Business
model analysis
(OBMC)
Analyzing
PAAS (internal)
- FMEA
Analyzing PAAS
(customer)
- KANO-model
PhasesToolsetComplexity
Supported by a worksheet
Supported by a canvas(workshop)
Explore Analyze Design
Explore the product
(portfolio)
Design the “as-a-
service” business
model
Build the product
(system) blueprint
Analyze the current
product (system)
Redesign the product
(system)
model (costing)
Product system
blueprinting
workshop
Product
journey
workshop
Product analysis
(lifetime,
CE-path)
Product analysis
(Reliability/
FMECA)
Product
redesign
canvas
Product
redesign
roadmap
Business
model costing
framework
Circular economy tool

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WHEN BUYING LIGHT – WHAT DO YOU EXPECT?
CONTRACT
• Contract duration (longer vs. shorter contract
term)
• No upfront investment
• Modulated fee (fixed + pay per use > works in
both directions)
• One single point of contact for the full lighting
lifecycle (one-stop shop)
• Lighting equipment not on-balance
ADAPTABILITY & UPGRADEABILITY
• Unlimited access to new lighting technology in
terms of efficiency & performance (intensity,
comfort, ...)
• Scalable set-up of the lighting system (e.g.
When office / lay-out changes)
• Impeccable physical appearance of the product
• Optimal lighting quality
ENERGY
• Low energy bill
• Predictable energy bill
• De-worried of energy consumption (technology,
control, ...)
• Sustainable energy consumption
• Knowledge about occupation of spaces
• Knowledge about energy consumption per space
MAINTENANCE
• Guaranteed uptime performance (performance-
oriented contract): max number of
failures/breakdowns, guaranteed % of uptime
• Low maintenance costs
• Predictable maintenance costs
• Customer controlled maintenance (low-
maintenance tasks delegated to the customer)
• De-worried of maintenance planning &
execution (hassle-free)
• Short reaction time in case of defect

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Energy meter
Energy
consumption
LED indicator
LMS (3)
BUILD THE PRODUCT SYSTEM BLUEPRINT
Value
Proposition
canvas
List pains &
gains
list as value
attributes
Translate to
components
Explore Analyze
Occupancy
sensor
Lighting level
sensor (1)
Light quality
sensor
Driver +
Diagnostics
module (2)
PCBA
(incl. TW)
Lens
LED
(incl. TW)
Housing
armature
Electrical & mechanical connectors (int.)
Electrical & mechanical connectors (ext.)
Mobile
device/desktop
Touch panel
Controller
Customer
Manufacturer

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PRODUCT JOURNEY WORKSHOP
1st market
2nd market
25K h 50K h
1st
2nd
3rd
What is the first market? Office,
schools, hospitals, ...
What is our offering? LAAS
What is the parts
harvesting potential?
Parts harvesting
Are we able to preventively
maintain? How does this
effort evolve?
Can we remanufacture with limited
effort (> 80% value recovery) ? Can we
remanufacture towards a 1st market?
Would pulling out of the market early
smoothen remanufacturing?
75K h
What is the second market?
Warehouse, filling up of the offer, ...?
What is our offering? LAAS vs. sale?
Sales: Right to win/value attributes?
What is the recycling
value?
Recycling market
SaleReuse
Refurb
What is the number of contract
periods we can offer when we have
reuse/refurb/remanufacture?
Reman
☺
☺
☺ Are we able to refurbish
/market ‘as new’
towards 1st market
specs & perception?
Analyze
Product
journey
workshop

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BUILDING A PRODUCT PASSPORT
• Lifetime & CE-path
• FMECA
Analyze
Analyze the current
product (system)
Product analysis
(lifetime,
CE-path)
Product analysis
(Reliability/
FMECA)

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BUILDING A PRODUCT PASSPORT
What is the component
lifetime
What happens with
the component at EOL
What are the critical
components and what
makes them critical
1
2
3

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BUTTERFLY MODEL BY ELLEN MACARTHUR

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COMPONENT PRODUCT LIFETIME & CE-PATH
What is the lifetime &
reliability of my product &
components?
What is the circular path of
my product & components?

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CIRCULAR ECONOMY - LAAS PRODUCT TOOL
Exemplary table
1
2
3
4
product passport after 8 years
with indication of weakest link

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LAAS PRODUCT TOOL
COMPANY
COMPONENT REPLACEMENT
MAINTENANCE MOMENT SPARE PART OPPORTUNITY
PRODUCT PRODUCT / COMPONENT REMAINING LIFETIME > PRODUCT ANALYSIS (lifetime, CE-path) PRODUCT ANALYSIS (Reliability / FMECA) (1) PRODUCT ANALYSIS (Reliability / FMECA) (2) PRODUCT REDESIGN CANVAS (1) PRODUCT REDESIGN CANVAS (2)
PRODUCT DESIGN STRATEGY
(which components can be reviewed to align with product
strategy development)
PRODUCT REDESIGN ROADMAP /
RECOMMENDATIONS
PRODUCT 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 DESIGN FOR DURABILITY
MAINTAIN / PROLONG A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A DESIGN FOR MAINTENANCE & REPAIR
REUSE / REDISTRIBUTE B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B DESIGN FOR ADAPTATIBILITY & UPGRDADABILITY
REFURBISH C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C DESIGN FOR DISASSEMBLY & REASSEMBLY
REMANUFACTURE D C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C DESIGN FOR STANDARDISATION & COMPATIBILITY
RECYCLE E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E DESIGN FOR ATTACHMENT & TRUST
COMPONENT 1 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 DESIGN FOR DURABILITY
Exemplary table

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FMECA - FAILURES AND THEIR ROUT CAUSES
1
DRIVER FAILURE MODES
General Failure mode:
Driver failure / Electrical defect
Circular Economy failure mode:
No product or component status
information (readily) available
No upgrade new technology
possible
Effect:
Failure of driver causes light
disruption
ROOT CAUSE
1. At the beginning of the lifetime: no burn-in testing
2. During the lifetime: not attributable – is a statistic phenomenon
3. At the end of the lifetime: “netspanningsvervuiling”: the network of the customer behaves too irregular and puts
current spikes on the driver, decreasing the expected average lifetime
High current levels – instability of the net
Drying out of electrolytic capacitor
Drivers have a technological progress: no reverse compatibility of new drivers with old devices
No design for maintenance and repair ability
Suppliers do not involve ETAP in technology roadmaps (e.g. new design of drivers)
2
Risk priority number

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REDESIGN THE PRODUCT
• Product redesign canvas
• Circular economy - laas product tool
• Product redesign roadmap

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PRODUCT REDESIGN CANVAS FOR CRITICAL COMPONENTS
BYPASS WHEN FAILURE OCCURS
TECHNOLOGICAL FUTURE PROOF
USE FOOTPRINT HOUSING BIG ENOUGH TO
ENHANCE MODULAR DESIGN OF HARDWARE
NEEDED TO FIT NEW SOFTWARE
COMMUNIVCATION & TRANFORAMTION BY 4G MODEM
1
2
3
• AUTOMATIC
• MANUAL
1LMS FAILURE MODES
General Failure:
Software is too complex for
hardware
Electrical component defect
Maintenance costs too high
Component outdated after years,
technological not up-to-date
Effect:
Failure causes out of light control
SKETCHES
ROOT CAUSE
Component info not available immediately because LMS is not “open” if a customer does not want it to
only available on a too aggregated level (energy consumption, on/off hours not attributable to specific
armature, …)
No design for easy technology upgrade
No design for maintenance (e.g. not aligned lifetimes of the components) -> too high maintenance
frequency
• No component/product
information
• No spare parts design
strategy
• Difficult replace ability of
components
• No predictable
maintenance support
• No EOL strategy
2
IDEATION / RECOMMENDATIONS USER /
TECHNOLOGY / BUSINESS
C/O FAILURE MODES
C/O DESIGN STRATEGIES
1. design for durability
2. design for
maintenance & repair
3. design for adaptability
& upgradability
4. design for
disassembly &
reassembly
5. design for
standardization &
compatibility
6. design for attachment
& trust
Component outdated after years, technologically not up-to-date
+ cannot support new software
Recommendation
• Bigger hardware box for future technology fit
LMS controller does not give the necessary intelligence for LAAS
• Root cause: the LMS does not have the necessary intelligence capabilities
• Root cause: the customer does not give permission to be on the customer
network
• Root cause: defect in data connections
Recommendations
• Select other type of driver module with integrated intelligence and
monitoring system (cf. Philips)
• Build intelligence map for driver and LMS (reasoning from data
overview/dashboard)
• Get insight in the set-up of the service organization
• Own maintenance team vs. outsourced maintenance team
• Own service desk vs. outsourced service desk
• Preventive maintenance approach: Continuous access to
data on LED vs. reactive maintenance on customer
responses
LMS breaks down (out of control) and there is no manufacturer response
Recommendation
• Bypass for customer to easy put on/off (automatic, manual)
Lifetime inconsistency: technology status after LMS update is too advanced for LED
technology (that has a higher lifetime)
Recommendation
• Parallel technology upgrade of LED and LMS
3 4

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CIRCULAR ECONOMY -LAAS PRODUCT TOOL
COMPONENT REPLACEMENT
MAINTENANCE MOMENT SPARE PART OPPORTUNITY
PRODUCT / COMPONENT REMAINING LIFETIME > PRODUCT ANALYSIS (lifetime, CE-path) PRODUCT ANALYSIS (Reliability / FMECA) (1) PRODUCT ANALYSIS (Reliability / FMECA) (2) PRODUCT REDESIGN CANVAS (1) PRODUCT REDESIGN CANVAS (2)
PRODUCT DESIGN STRATEGY
(which components can be reviewed to align with product strategy
development) PRODUCT REDESIGN ROADMAP / RECOMMENDATIONS
PRODUCT U7 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 DESIGN FOR DURABILITY
MAINTAIN / PROLONG A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A x DESIGN FOR MAINTENANCE & REPAIR
REUSE / REDISTRIBUTE B x DESIGN FOR ADAPTATIBILITY & UPGRDADABILITY
REFURBISH C x DESIGN FOR DISASSEMBLY & REASSEMBLY
REMANUFACTURE D x DESIGN FOR STANDARDISATION & COMPATIBILITY
RECYCLE E DESIGN FOR ATTACHMENT & TRUST
DRIVER 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 15 14 13 12 11 x DESIGN FOR DURABILITY
MAINTAIN / PROLONG A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A N A A A A x DESIGN FOR MAINTENANCE & REPAIR
REUSE / REDISTRIBUTE B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B x DESIGN FOR ADAPTATIBILITY & UPGRDADABILITY
RECYCLE E E E E E E E DESIGN FOR ATTACHMENT & TRUST
LED + PCB 50 49 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 DESIGN FOR DURABILITY
REUSE / REDISTRIBUTE B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B x DESIGN FOR ADAPTATIBILITY & UPGRDADABILITY
LENS 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 DESIGN FOR DURABILITY
REUSE / REDISTRIBUTE B B DESIGN FOR ADAPTATIBILITY & UPGRDADABILITY
REFURBISH C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C DESIGN FOR DISASSEMBLY & REASSEMBLY
REMANUFACTURE D DESIGN FOR STANDARDISATION & COMPATIBILITY
RECYCLE E E E E E E DESIGN FOR ATTACHMENT & TRUST
LMS CONTROLLER 5 4 3 2 1 5 4 3 2 1 5 4 3 2 1 5 4 3 2 1 DESIGN FOR DURABILITY
MAINTAIN / PROLONG A A A A A A A A A A A N A A A A A A A A A x DESIGN FOR MAINTENANCE & REPAIR
REUSE / REDISTRIBUTE B x DESIGN FOR ADAPTATIBILITY & UPGRDADABILITY
REFURBISH C C C C C C C C C C C x DESIGN FOR DISASSEMBLY & REASSEMBLY
RECYCLE E E E E E E E E E E E DESIGN FOR ATTACHMENT & TRUST
HOUSING 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 x DESIGN FOR DURABILITY
REFURBISH C DESIGN FOR DISASSEMBLY & REASSEMBLY
RECYCLE E x DESIGN FOR ATTACHMENT & TRUST
SENSOR 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 DESIGN FOR DURABILITY
ELECTRICAL CONNECTORS 50 49 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 DESIGN FOR DURABILITY
REUSE / REDISTRIBUTE B DESIGN FOR ADAPTATIBILITY & UPGRDADABILITY
MECHANICAL CONNECTORS 50 49 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 DESIGN FOR DURABILITY
REUSE / REDISTRIBUTE B DESIGN FOR ADAPTATIBILITY & UPGRDADABILITY
Lifetime: 20j
Onderhoud/repair: om de 5j
Calibratie van de sensor (reageert deze? Wat is gevoeligheid?
Cleaning
Reuse: kan steeds herbruikt worden mits calibratie
Remanufacture niet aan de orde
Onzeker of recycling van electronica lukt
No spare parts strategy
No product or component status information (readily) available
Effect:
Failure of driver causes light disruption
Lifetime: 50j
We gaan deze zolang als mogelijk (onder)houden in hetzelfde armatuur; al zijn geen specifieke onderhoudsstappen mogelijk
Hergebruik zal enkel gebeuren in hetzelfde armatuur, maar niet in eruit nemen en in een ander armatuur plaatsen, dus strict genomen geen
reuse – dus refurbishment en remanufacturing is niet mogelijk
Recycling is onzeker op vlak van electronica, mechanische connectoren zullen makkelijker te recycleren zijn doordat het staal is
Lifetime: 20j
Onderhoud:
Uplight: is functioneel van belang en heeft een jaarlijkse cleaning nodig
Downlight: geen cleaning nodig
Remark: bepaalde aanbesteders (Vlaamse Overheid) schrijven een jaarlijkse onderhoudsbeurt voor
Refurbish is steeds default, want er moet steeds een cleaning zijn van de lens – dus er is geen reuse mogelijk.
Remanufacture niet aan de orde
Recycling als ze op het einde van de levensduur zitten
Momenteel polycarbonaat en dit is meer downcycling
PVC is wel beter recycleerbaar
Effect:
Lifetime: 20j (of zelf duur van het project)
Onderhoud/repair
Indien bij dezelfde klant kan je de housing 10+10+10 jaar laten hangen zelfs – deze moet elk jaar gewoon eens gecleaned worden
Indien je de armaturen
We gaan deze altijd AS IS (liefst in het bestaande armatuur) hergebruiken (mits een zeer kleine poetsbeurt)
Indiend deze niet beschadigd is: hij krijgt terug originele levensdsuur
Indien deze beschadigd is: recycle
Refurbish en remanufacture bestaan niet
Housing is staal en kan gerecycleerd worden
Voor alle zichtdelen: deze worden geschilderd en is staal
Voor alle niet-zichtonderdelen: deze worden niet geschilderd en is zincor
Damaged or aged housing
Product outdated after years, technological / esthetical not up-to-date
Effect:
Outdated product which needs replacement
General Failure:
Software is too complex for hardware
Component outdated after years, technological / esthetical not up-to-date
Effect:
Failure causes out of light control
Lifetime: 5j
Onderhoud/repair:
Software: gebeurt on the fly – iedereen zit op de laatste versie
Hardware: geen onderhoud mogelijk maar op een bepaald moment kan de hardware de software niet meer aan; in een contract van 10j
zullen automatisch 2 controllers in de prijs (moeten inzitten)
Reuse bestaat niet, meteen naar refurbish: Een nieuwe LMS controller ga je steeds binnen de eerste 2j van gebruik ook refurbishen (laatste
stand van software en gebruiksklaar maken), nadat deze 2j gebruikt is niet meer
Remanufacture gebeurt niet
Recycling is onduidelijk
In eerste 15 jaar, driver laten hangen.
Een driver wordt na 15j steeds preventief vervangen
Geen mogelijke onderhoudsstappen, enkel een preventieve vervanging
Enige wat kan gebeuren is aan de start van het project de stabiliteit van het net meten en hier begrenzers op steken: dit kan je zien als een
eerste preventieve onderhoudsstap
Bij de inspectie kan je uitlezen en kan je kijken of de driver onder stroom heeft gestaan – maar het is onzeker welke impact dit heeft op de
levensduur van de driver
Recyclage van driver is moeilijk, recyclage van electronica is een groot probleem – enkel de edele metalen worden gerecupereerd
Non conform color after replacement of LED (module) or several years
of lifetime (but uncertain whether this has a high RPN number + is only curative in the LAAS-model
today + is only applicable in armatures where we have LED+lense)
Root cause: LED or optics (probably in the future because of the optics)
Recommendations
Use RGB-LEDs
Include a certain color differential in the contract
LED modules switching with another module
Measure when going out / measure when coming in
Energymeasurement in electricity clouset
No EOL strategy/replacement strategy: what do we do if armatures come back after 20 years of
lifetime. How do we measure?
Recommendations:
Measure the activity on the power supply level (this tells everything what happened and is valid for all
LEDs behind this)
Use in a 2nd market but not in a LAAS anymore / sell as a 48V device
LED's have a technological progress: no reverse compatibility of new LED's with old devices
No design for maintenance and repairability
Suppliers do not involve ETAP in technology roadmaps (e.g. new design of LEDs)
General Failure:
LED system outdated after years, technological not up-to-date
Effect:
Failure of electrical component cause light disruption
Levensduur: 50j
LED + PCB kan langer dan normale contractduren mee – deze zal steeds in huidig apparaat behouden worden en herbruikt worden
Geen onderhoudsstappen mogelijk, enkel ook de stabiliteit van het net meten (~begrenzer)
Desassemblage van LED+PCB is onmogelijk omwille van SMB-technologie (fantastische technologie) om goedkoop te produceren maar dit is
lijmtechnologie en niet goed voor recyclage
Zaak is om zeer goed de toeleverketen op te volgen om de recyclagegraad en desassemblageniveau vast te leggen , maar ETAP is voorlopig te
klein om hier impact op te hebben
Difficult replaceability of products & components
Difficult to (dis)assemble
No scalable set-up of the lighting system
No end-of-life strategy
No second market for remanufactured devices explored
No valorization possibilities for EOL devices identified (e.g. close the gap)
No deliberate sight on preferred value recovery option at certain moments in the lifetime
No energy monitoring / no energy control
Customer feels out of control (product too complex, low ease of use)
Product outdated after years, technological / esthetical not up-to-date
No feedback of 100% good light quality
Effect:
Electrical failures of causes light disruption
No added valorization in circular economy model
No modular product design / No design for maintenance and repairability
Product info not available immediately because LMS is not “open” if a customer does not want it to
Only available on a too aggregated level (energy consumption, on/off hours not attributable to
specific armature, …)
Products have a technological progress: no reverse compatibility of new products with old devices
Suppliers do not involve ETAP in technology roadmaps (e.g. new design of LEDs, new design of
drivers)
frequency
No separate energy meter in current product
No control on energy use/installation use at the client site, but ETAP can define a normal use or put in
place different attributes that rationalize energy consumption (LMS, calendar functions, daylight
censoring, …)
Customer is not familiar with an open LMS
No intermediate feedback on lighting performance from ETAP to customer
No output measurement in lighting level sensor with direct feedback to customer
High cost for installation
Recommendation
No scalability of lighting set-up when office changes
Recommendation
Make LED’s easy replaceable
Make architecture of product modular
Recommendations
More modular inside the armature: easy opening of housing, easy clickable cassettes of LEDs/PCBs
(modules clickable maken)
Spare part devices on location
No adapted packaging to protect armatures
Recommendations
Re-usable packaging
No easy replace ability ON SITE (10%) (armature needs to come from
the ceiling, needs to be disassembled three steps down)
Recommendations:
Supply not IN the armature, but outside of the armature to improve accessibility
Cassette rachitecture
Split up driver functionality in different standard modules (but is possibly harder for renovation
projects)
48V DC (which includes the power supply – ELCO) = all critical components
Driver on LED PCB
Advantages & disadvantages
(distance should be feasible in office environments)
(allows to track more information on product use: temperature, number of on/off cycles, rimple op
DC current (gives indication of ELCO drying)
(difficulty for renovating: can be solved by putting the 48 DC not in separate cabin but on the
armature)
(possible to have no continuous line in “straight line lighting)
(you can measure more electricity consumption on the 48V level too, without EANDIS)
Better temp control of components in bigger clauset
(Actieve PCBs – alle componenten zitten op de LED PCB)
But: then the lifetime of the one component determines the other
End of life door netspanningsvervuiling
Recommendations
on net (begrenzer) – is difficult for renovating projects (physically) Industrial driver
Limitations , is more interesting for newly builts
EOL exponential after 50 hours
Recommendations
Modular concept
Will increase the average lifetime expectancy and will shift the curve)
makes it feasible to preventively replace after 15 years because only 48 DC needs to be measured
By measuring RIMPLE make it possible to effectively replace preventively (only where it is necessary)
Industrial driver, but only limited
No reverse compatibility
Recommendations
Standard interfaces for driver (mechanically)
Always generic power supplies: 48 and never 24, 32, …
Driver failure / Electrical component defect
Difficult replaceability
No upgrade new technology possible
Effect:
Failure of driver causes light disruption
High current levels – instability of the net
Drying out of electrolytical capacitor
At the beginning of the lifetime: no burn-in testing
During the lifetime: not attributable – is a statistic phenomenon
At the end of the lifetime: “netspanningsvervuiling”: the network of the customer behaves too
irregular and puts current spikes on the driver, decreasing the expected average lifetime.
Drivers have a technological progress: no reverse compatibility of new drivers with old devices
Suppliers do not involve ETAP in technology roadmaps (e.g. new design of drivers)
frequency
No design for repairability
frequency
frequency
No durable product design
Component info not available immediately because LMS is not “open” if a customer does not want it
to
only available on a too aggregated level (energy consumption, on/off hours not attributable to
specific armature, …)
frequency
Effect:
Effect:
Component outdated after years, technologically not up-to-date
+ cannot support new software
Recommendation
Bigger hardware box for future technology fit
LMS controller does not give the necessary intelligence for LAAS
Root cause: the LMS does not have the necessary intelligence capabilities
Root cause: the customer does not give permission to be on the customer network
Root cause: defect in data connections
Recommendations
Select other type of driver module with integrated intelligence and monitoring system (cf. Philips)
Build intelligence map for driver and LMS (reasoning from data overview/dashboard)
Get insight in the set-up of the service organization
Own maintenance team vs. outsourced maintenance team
Own service desk vs. outsourced service desk
Preventive maintenance approach: Continuous access to data on LED vs. reactive maintenance on
customer responses
LMS breaks down (out of control) and there is no manufacturer response
Recommendation
Bypass for customer to easy put on/off (automatic, manual)
Lifetime inconsistency: technology status after LMS update is too advanced for LED technology (that
has a higher lifetime)
Recommendation
Parallel technology upgrade of LED and LMS
How to assess the “not as newness” when getting the armature back
Recommendations
See sketches
Needs to be easy assemble and disassemble
No as new look to put in new LAAS (after 10Y) and on 2nd market (after 20Y)
Recommendations
“Only need to repaint one component”
Use a 2nd skin approach
Afterwards easy skin refurbishment and reuse
“demonteren”
Work with a foil approach (“screen protector”) that can be done after X years
Start with a plate, and if we need to make it look as new: use a 2nd plate
“monteren”
(housing is today already fairly recyclable)
Easy to disassemble / assemble
No easy cleaning on site
See sketches
DYNAMIC & ITERATIVE PROCESS TO SHAPE
YOUR CIRCULAR PRODUCT PROPOSITION

CONFIDENTIAL
PRODUCT REDESIGN ROADMAP / FROM VISION TO PLAN
WHAT ARE THE NEXT IMPORTANT STEPS AND THEIR MILESTONES
WHAT ARE THE RISKS
WHAT IS STILL UNKNOWN,
A THREAT OR HURDLE
HOW TO MANAGE RISKS
CAN WE DE-RISK, OR GET
MORE INSIGHTS…
WHAT DO WE NEED
NEW RESOURCES, SKILLS,
BUDGET, PARTNERS…
MID 2018 2019 2020
PRODUCT MARKET USAGE / REGULATIONS
1
22021 2022
• how to judge quality of light
• fast corrective reaction time
• predictive maintenance
• how to align individual with
general light preferences /
plan
• integration with other building
mngt systems
• is tracking possible?
• LMS wireless / ease of installation
• big data / GDPR
• ID for each device
• study / research
• camera on the light
• juridical external input
• evaluation GDPR issues
• continuous follow up
1. ID system / platform development
2. study corrective reaction
3. study predictive maintenance
4. CAMSENSE development
5. study on wireless vs powerline
6. screening external juridical
partner
CONCEPT NAME: EXTENDED LMS
1. ID system/platform development
2. study corrective reaction
3. study predictive maintenance
4. CAMSENSE development
5. study wireless vs powerline
6. screening external juridical partner
STUDY IMPLEMENTATION
STUDY
IMPLEMENTATIONSTUDY
CONTINUOUS

CONFIDENTIAL
EVALUATE THE BUSINESS MODEL
(COSTING)
• Business model costing framework

CONFIDENTIAL
BUSINESS MODEL COSTING FRAMEWORK
What value recovery options do we have?
What costs to they bring along?
Design
model (costing)
25K h 50K h
LAAS (20Y) w/o
value recovery
LAAS (20Y)
+ sale
LAAS (20Y) w/o
+ reman-sale
LAAS
LAAS
LAAS
Sale,
current
customer
Remanufacture,
Sale – other
customer
0K h
Desinstallation
Reverse logistics
RemanufacturingManufacturing
Installation &
commissioning
Forward logistics
Maintenance
Operations, financing, overhead
Refurbishment &
recommissioning
/
/

CONFIDENTIAL
CONCLUSION

CONFIDENTIAL
• Product Passport during contract lifetime
• Component EOL management
• Maintenance time management
• Spare part opportunities
ITERATIVE DESIGN PROCESS
• More opportunities for growth and productivity
• Assurance of continuity of supply
• The creation of new markets
PROFIT OPPORTUNITIES WITHIN A CIRCULAR ECONOMY
LAAS PRODUCT TOOL OFFERING
• Adding value for consumers
• Optimizing energy consumption
• Waste reduction
• Redesign options
• Product Development Roadmap
• Business model costing framework

CONFIDENTIAL
"The key in sharpening your Product-As-A-Service
business model? Keeping added value during the
product lifetime. How? With tools that guide you
during exploration, analysis and design."

CONFIDENTIAL
One group, five brands
Our services are marketed through 5 brands each
addressing specific missions in product development.
INTEGRATED PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT
ON-SITE
PRODUCT
DEVELOPMENT
DIGITAL
PRODUCTS
DEVELOPMENT
OPTICAL
PRODUCTS
DEVELOPMENT
VENTURING

New toolset to give your product portfolio a circular make over (by Gerd Van Cauteren)

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