thermodynamic

1. PMM-1
Month
2019

2. The term perpetual motion machine, taken literally, refer to
movement that goes
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3. A closed moving system
without a sustaining
energy source.
or
Any closed system that
produces more energy
thanit consume.
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4. People have dreamed about this since
1200.
In 1500 Leonardo Da Vinci
In 1670 John Wilkins
4

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•The total amount of energy in
an isolated system remains
constant. A consequence of
this law is that energy cannot
be created or destroyed.

6. First kind
• Produce energy from NOTHING,giving
the user unlimited ‘free’ energy.
• Violates the Laws of Conservation of
enrgy.
Second kind
• A machine which spontaneously
converts thermal energy into
mechanical work.
• This need not voilates the laws of
conservation of energy!
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•First law of thermodynamics
•First limitation of first law of thermodynamics.
•Second limitation of first law of thermodynamics.
•Third limitation of first law of thermodynamics.

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The first law of thermodynamics states that:-
“Energy can never be destroyed nor can be formed,
it can just be transformed from one phase to another”

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Limitation:- First law does not help to predict whether the
certain process is possible or not.
Reason:- It does not specify that heat cannot flow low
temperature body to a high temperature body.

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Limitation:- The first law does not
give information about direction.
Reason:- For example, it puts no
restriction on the direction of the
flow of heat, whether heat can flow
from a cold body to a hot body or
vice versa.

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Limitation:- It does not provide
and specify sufficient condition for
the process to take place.
Reason:- This law is about its
percentage of conversion of
energy from one form to another
form. Work can be converted into
equivalent amount of work.

13. PMM 1, LIMITATION OF FIRST LAW OF
THERMODYNAMICS
REFERENCES
•ENGINEERING THERMODYNAMICS BY P.K. NAG
•GOOGLE IMAGE
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14. VEER CHANDRA PRATAP
Phone:
8736840622
Email:
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