Webinar slides about: Overview of Cold Storage Applications Benefits of Reliable CO2 Measurement Some Words about Safety CARBOCAP® Technology Tips for Good CO2 Measurements Summary, Further Reading

1. © Vaisala
Benefits of
Measuring CO2
Reliably in Cold
Storage Applications
Webinar
September 24, 2019

2. © Vaisala
Meet the Presenter
Juhani Lehto. Product Manager at
Vaisala, with over 10 years of
experience in sensor technologies
and industrial applications.
M.Sc. (Tech.) in Electrical
Engineering.
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3. © Vaisala
Vaisala in Brief
 Established in 1936
 Weather and Environment
 Industrial Measurements
– Industrial relative humidity (%RH) measurements with
HUMICAP® since 1973
– CO2 measurements with CARBOCAP® since 1997
 Serves customers in over 150 countries every year
 Visit www.vaisala.com
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4. © Vaisala
Contents
 Overview of Cold Storage Applications
 Benefits of Reliable CO2 Measurement
 Some Words about Safety
 CARBOCAP® Technology
 Tips for Good CO2 Measurements
 Summary, Further Reading
Webinar: Benefits of Measuring CO2 Reliably in Cold Storage Applications 4

5. © Vaisala
Cold Storage Applications and CO2 Measurement
 Food ripening/maturing (fruits, cheese, meat, etc.)
 (Frozen) food manufacturing, storage and transportation
 Other storage areas that are using CO2 as a refrigerant (R744)
 Dry ice manufacturing, transportation and use
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6. © Vaisala
Benefits of Reliable CO2 Measurements
 In vegetable/fruit storage/transportation
 Right CO2 level is important to keep fruit fresh
 Better control leads to more predictable and better quality
 Safety aspects
 Cooling consumes a significant amount of energy and
money
 According to the IEA cooling’s share of total energy consumption
was almost 6% in 2015*
 To ensure optimal refrigerator performance, refrigerant levels are
important
 Refrigerant filling and maintenance costs money
 Locating leaks as soon as possible saves both energy and
refrigerant
Webinar: Benefits of Measuring CO2 Reliably in Cold Storage Applications 6
*) https://www.iea.org/topics/energyefficiency/buildings/cooling/

7. © Vaisala
Some Words about Safety
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8. © Vaisala
EN 378 - Safety and Environmental Requirements
 There are local laws, regulations, and standards depending on the country
 EN 378 standard (2016) - ”Refrigerating systems and heat pumps. Safety and environmental
requirements”
 Specifies the monitoring requirements
 Specifies type and performance of detectors
 In practice, CO2 monitoring is mandatory in any machinery room or occupied space...
-”Any suitable detector may be used... that activates the shut-off valves, the alarm system, the
mechanical ventilation or other emergency controls” (EN 378-3:2016 / 9.3.1: Type and
performance of detectors, General)
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9. © Vaisala
The Optical Infrared (IR) Measurement Technology
 Infrared light is absorbed by different gases at a known light wavelength
 A filter in front of the detector only passes light in the CO2 bandwith
 The detector measures the intensity of the light and converts this into the CO2
concentration
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10. © Vaisala
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3.5 4 4.5 5
Transmission
Wavelength (micrometers)
CO2 absorption
FPI chip
Air gap
Upper mirror
Lower mirror
Silicon substrate
Absorption measurement
Tunable Bandpass Filter
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11. © Vaisala
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3.5 4 4.5 5
Reference measurement
Air gap
Upper mirror
Lower mirror
Silicon substrate
Transmission
Wavelength (micrometers)
CO2 absorption
Tunable Bandpass Filter
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12. © Vaisala
Benefits of CARBOCAP®
Stability
Long lifetime
Continuous CO2 environment
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13. © Vaisala
Tips for Good CO2 Measurements:
Tackling Challenges in Fruit Storage Facilities
 High humidity and risk of mold (some fruits and vegetables release moisture)
 Risk of damage by machinery (forklifts, pump trolleys, pressure washers)
 Dust and dirt, pests, chemicals (pesticides, detergents, preservatives)
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14. © Vaisala
Tips for Good CO2 Measurements:
Tackling Challenges in Refrigerator Machine Rooms
 Sensor positioning:
 Close to potential leak sources
 CO2 is heavier than air, sinks to floor level
 Ventilation can affect measurement, so avoid installing close to air inlet vents
 Open doors and windows also change the CO2 concentration
 Temperature variations (might affect the CO2 measurement)
 Avoid installing the CO2 detector close to vibrating engines or actuators
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15. © Vaisala
Tips for Good CO2 Measurements:
Tackling Challenges in Dry Ice Transportation
 Sufficient ventilation is (literally) a deadly serious business when operating with dry
ice in confined spaces
 Challenge to monitor CO2 levels in dry ice transportation as well
 Handheld monitoring instrument might be a good solution
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Vaisala GM70
Handheld
Indicator

16. © Vaisala
Vaisala Indigo 200 and GMP250 Series CO2 Probes for
Online CO2 Monitoring
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GMP252:
0... 3 %CO2
(0... 30 000 ppmCO2)
GMP251:
0... 20 %CO2
(0... 200 000 ppmCO2)
Remote probe
cables 1... 10+ m
Indigo 201 Analog Transmitter (V/ mA)
Indigo 202 Digital Transmitter (Modbus)

17. © Vaisala
Application Example: Online CO2 Monitoring Solution
in Dry Ice Factory
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CO2
Tank
Ice manuf.Ice storage
Ventilation out
Ventilation in (fresh air)
Indigo 200 with GMP252
CO2 probe
Alarm light outside
Indicates too high CO2
concentration inside
Alarm buzzer inside
warning people to leave
Alternative/extra
installation location for
Indigo 200 with GMP252

18. © Vaisala
How Vaisala Can Help You
 Over 20 years of experience in CO2 measurements
 Wide range of dedicated industrial instruments
 Unique, patented technologies
 Local and global support
 Other needed parameters (humidity, temperature...)
 Instruments and systems
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GMP343 GM70 Indigo 200
GMP252

19. © Vaisala
Summary

20. © Vaisala
Further Reading
 Know the Risks – Work Safely with CO2
 https://www.vaisala.com/sites/default/files/documents/VIM-G-CO2-Work-Safety-App-note-B211122EN.pdf
 Measuring CO2 in Refrigeration Applications
 https://www.vaisala.com/sites/default/files/documents/CEN-G-Measuring-CO2-in-Refrigeration-Application-note-B211530EN.pdf
 CO2 Measurements in Breweries and Wineries
 https://www.vaisala.com/system/files/documents/CEN-G-CO2-Measurement-in-Breweries-and-Wineries-Application-Note-B211529EN-A-LOW-v3.pdf
 How to Measure Carbon Dioxide
 https://www.vaisala.com/sites/default/files/documents/CEN-TIA-Parameter-How-to-measure-CO2-Application-note-B211228EN-A.pdf
 Vaisala CARBOCAP® Technology video
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JS4i2PDXcvI
 Understanding Measurement Performance and Specifications
 https://www.vaisala.com/sites/default/files/documents/Understanding-Accuracy-Specifications-Technical-note-B211482EN.pdf
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