A construction of a regional relational and spatial geodatabase as a tool for managing geological and mineral information. A presentation by João Henrique Gonçalves, database and geoprocessing expert.

1. Proposal
for
then
strengthening
of
African
regional
geoprocessing
centers
with
a
rela3onal
and
spa3al
Database
Prepared
by:
JOÃO
HENRIQUE
GONÇALVES,
GEOLOGICAL
SURVEY
OF
BRAZIL
African
Minerals
Development
Centre
-­‐
AMDC
United
Na3ons
Economic
Commission
for
Africa
-­‐
UNECA
Cairo,
Egypt
www.uneca.org/amdc
October
2017

2. This
proposal
is
part
of
the
Geological
and
Mineral
Informa6on
Strategy
(GMIS)
developed
by
the
AMDC.
The
elabora6on
of
the
proposal
was
requested
by
the
37
Directors
of
African
Geological
Surveys
who
met
at
the
Geological
and
Mineral
Informa6on
Coordina6on
Mee6ng
held
in
Cape
Town,
South
Africa
on
24-­‐26
August
2016.

3. • Main
Objec3ves
• Specific
objec3ves
• Pilot
GIS
and
Database
development
• Reasons
for
using
ArcMap
–
ESRI®
• Freeware
• GIS
development
• Geodatabase
used
in
the
development
of
GIS
• Capturing
and
correc3ng
data
for
GIS
• Intermediate
product
of
Project
• Reasons
for
developing
a
Spa3al
Database
• Developing
a
Spa3al
Database
• Services
of
ArcGis
Server
• Database
architecture
• Database
Management
• Requirements
to
develop
the
Project

4.
Encouraging
mining
by
dissemina6ng
standard
geological
data
easily
accessible,
using
modern
technologies.
Strengthening
African
geoprocessing
centers
with
development
of
spa6al
databases
as
an
instrument
of
management,
standardiza6on
and
use
of
geological
informa6on.
Proposing
new
ways
of
obtaining
geological
data
within
the
spa6al
database
business
rules.
Main
objec3ves

5.
Specific
objec3ves
-­‐
(1)
Dissemina6ng
geoprocessing
techniques,
through
courses,
as
a
tool
for
GIS
assembly,
prin6ng
layouts
and
data
modeling
in
support
for
mineral
prospec6on.
Developing
a
geological
GIS
of
a
chosen
pilot
area
in
African
con6nent
aiming
to
gather
a
collec6on
and
to
standardize
data
to
compose
a
spa6al
database
that
will
be
developed.
Presen6ng
as
an
intermediate
product
the
previously
selected
pilot
area
data,
organized
in
GIS
and
made
available
by
freeware
recorded
on
CD.

6.
Specific
objec3ves
-­‐
(2)
Organizing
the
data
obtained
from
pilot
area
will
generate
the
GIS
and
other
products
such
as
maps
for
prin6ng.
Developing
a
spa6al
database
linked
to
standardized
libraries
of
geological
terms
using
Oracle
®
or
PostGree
environments
for
the
bases
of
chrono-­‐lithostra6graphy,
geological
outcrops,
mineral
resources
and
macro
structural
geology.
Forming
a
team
to
con6nue
the
development
of
other
bases
that
may
be
necessary.
Developing
a
Web
portal
with
applica6ons
that
interact
with
ArcGis
Server,
allowing
searches,
data
entry,
map
display,
download
and
other
facili6es
in
obtaining
informa6on.

7.
Specific
objec3ves
-­‐
(3)
Star6ng
the
development
of
data
entry
applica6ons,
according
to
the
proposed
libraries
that
are
connected
with
the
GEODATABASEs.
Increasing
the
hardware
park
of
geoprocessing
centers
through
the
acquisi6on
of
equipment.
Increasing
the
number
of
soVwares
available
in
geoprocessing
centers
through
the
acquisi6on
of
Oracle
®,
ArcMap,
ArcGis
Server
®
and
freeware.

8.
Pilot
GIS
and
DATABASE
development
?
ArcMap
-­‐
10.2.2
QGIS
2.18.3
–Las
Palmas
Spring
–
5.4.3

9.
Pilot
GIS
and
DATABASE
development
Many
people
say
that
the
best
soVware
is
the
one
that
we
have
mastered.
We
agree
in
part
…
Maybe,
this
is
true
for
developing
small
things.
However,
the
appropriate
choice
of
good
environments
will
increase
or
decrease
the
possibili6es
for
the
formula6on
of
this
final
product
or
other
future
projects
in
geoprocessing
and
database.

10.
Reasons
for
using
ArcGis
-­‐
ESRI
®
• The
popularity
of
the
vector
file
format,
the
shapefile.
• The
facility
in
using
the
tool.
• The
power.
The
great
amount
of
resources
the
environment
has,
such
as:
modeling
and
advanced
geoprocessing.
• The
cost
benefit
for
all
these
facili6es
in
a
single
environment.
• The
con6nuity
of
the
soVware
is
always
compa6ble
with
previous
versions.
• Procurement
facility
for
non-­‐profit
ins6tu6ons
such
as
UN
etc.
• The
coverage
and
integra6on
of
data
availability
(ArcGIS
Server,
ArcGIS
on
line
and
other
ESRI
®
compa6ble
environments).

11. ArcGis
Desktop
and
ArcGis
Server
Versions
will
be
acquired
Argis
-­‐
cloud
ArcMap
-­‐
desktop
Links
of
ArcGis
Server
ArcGis
Server
architecture

12. Freeware
However,
other
tools
can
also
be
used,
like
QGIS,
for
exemple.
It
is
a
freeware
and
it
has
many
geoprocessing
func6ons.
Some
tools
are
even
simpler
to
use.
QGIS
-­‐
Las
Palmas
ArcExibe
–
Project
view

13.
Exemple
-­‐
Map
Volta
Redonda
-­‐QGIS

14. The
development
environment
for
database
modeling,
proposed
here,
is
the
popular
Oracle
®.
Despite
the
high
prices
of
its
licenses,
this
environment
ensures
the
development
of
the
best
and
most
complete
database
in
the
World.
Database
development

15.
Database
development
Security
Tools
Documenta6on
Capacity
and
possibili6es
The
proposed
database
requires
to
store
vector
and
raster
en66es.
Therefore,
it
is
necessary
to
purchase
Oracle
®
spa6al
cartridge
and
image
cartridge.
U6lizing
these
modules,
it
is
possible
to
develop
tables
that
store
vector
and
image
files
in
various
formats.
Likewise,
through
them
it
is
feasible
to
make
available
the
collec6on
stored
in
map
and
image
management
environments.

16.
Database
development
Despite
the
fact
that
Postgree
PostGIS
is
a
freeware
and
it
can
also
be
used
in
spa6al
database
development
in
the
absence
of
Oracle;
The
development
consul6ng
is
oVen
expensive.

17.
GIS
construc3on
Data
integra3on
and
GIS
of
pilot
area
in
Africa
Choice
of
pilot
area
and
parameters
sedng
for
GIS
Requirements
are:
• To
possess
geological
mapping
with
good
maps
made
in
appropriate
scale,
in
paper
or
digital
format.
• To
have
registra6ons
of
geological
outcrops,
data
recorded
in
field
notes
or
organized
into
digital
tables
with
la6tude
and
longitude.
• To
have
registra6ons
of
mineral
resources,
data
recorded
in
field
notes
or
organized
into
digital
tables
with
la6tude
and
longitude.
• To
possess
other
registra6ons
as
descrip6on
of
fossils,
geochemical
analysis,
geochronological
da6ng
etc.
All
of
them
georeferenced,
that
means,
located
by
la6tude
and
longitude.
GIS
development

18. Pilot
-­‐
Area
Intermediate
product
GIS
Prepare
the
collec3on
entry
to
load
a
database
which
will
be
modelled.
(GEODATABASEs)
At
this
stage,
some
important
parameters
will
be
defined
to
guide
the
integra6on,
namely
simbology
that
defines
geological
database
(leher
symbols),
ini6al
scale
of
the
work,
choice
of
geological
outcrops,
mineral
resources,
global
cartographic
parameters,
which
will
compose
the
GIS.
Iden6fica6on
and
choice
of
other
specific
data
that
may
par6cipate
in
the
GIS,
such
as
geochronological
data,
fossil
etc.
Workshop
DATABASE
–
ORACLE
CD
ArcGis
Server
–
Web
Map
-­‐
Services
Summary
of
development

19. Symbology
proposal
for
the
chrono-­‐
lithostra3graphic
units
of
GIS
To
determine
the
simbology
regarding
leher
symbols
of
chrono-­‐lithostra6graphic
units.
They
will
be
u6lized
in
GIS
and,
aVerwards,
in
the
database,
since
they
will
be
part
of
the
collec6on
of
LITHO
base,
when
it
has
been
modelled.
The
leher
symbols
should:
• Be
as
factual
as
possible
(not
interpreted)
• Contain
no
informa6on
in
duplicity.
Once
discussed,
in
specific
workshops,
and
accepted,
the
proposed
rules
will
be
applied
and
used
for
all
maps
that
will
compose
the
GIS
and,
consequently,
the
database
collec6on
in
its
most
diverse
scales.
This
proposal
is
from
a
range
of
the
best
rules
extracted
from
two
proposals:
the
GEOBANK
and
GIS
of
South
America.
GIS
development

20. The
leher
symbol
suggested
is
a
composi6on
of
lehers
and
numbers.
To
facilitate
GIS
assembly
ac6vi6es,
two
ways
of
representa6ng
leher
symbols
have
been
established:
• When
the
database
is
already
modeled
and
there
are
record
numbers
of
each
symbolgy
in
the
defini6ve
database
:
Age
(1)
+
nature
of
the
rock
(2)
+
Record
number
(3)
(defini;ve)
• When
the
database
is
not
modeled
yet
and
it
is
necessary
to
set
a
GIS
to
start
the
modeling
process,
as
this
proposal
establishes.
In
this
case,
there
s6ll
no
record
number
in
the
database:
Age
(1)
+
nature
of
the
rock
(2)
+
Ini;als
of
unit
name
(temporary)
GIS
development

21. 1-­‐
Age
Interna3onal
Chronostra3graphic
Chart
-­‐
ICS/IUGS
(01/2013).
GIS
development

22. Representa3on
of
precise
ages:
Era,
Periodo
or
Epoch
determined
precisely
Age
Representa6on
Paleoarchean
A1
Neoarchean
A3
Rhyacian
PP2
Orosirian
PP3
Calymmian
MP1
Ectasian
MP2
Tonian
NP1
Ediacaran
NP3
Cambrian
Ε
Furongian
ε4
Middle
Ordovician
O2
Pridoli
S4
Lower
Devonian
D1
Pennsylvanian
C2
Guadalupian
P2
Upper
Triassic
T3
Middle
Jurassic
J2
Lower
Cretaceous
K1
Eocene
E2
Pliocene
N2
Pleistocene
Q1
Precise
ages
The
representa6on
of
a
precise
age
is
indicated
by
the
code
of
Era,
Period
or
Epoch,
under
t h e
I n t e r n a 6 o n a l
Chronostra6graphic
Chart
men6oned
here,
except
for
the
archean
ages.
In
this
case
(Archean),
while
the
Chart
adopted
the
code
of
EA
for
E o a r c h e a n ,
P A
f o r
P a l e o a r c h e a n ,
M A
f o r
Mesoarchean
and
NA
for
Neoarchean,
this
proposal
will
adopt
the
code
A1,
A2,
A3
e
A4
respec6vely,
for
the
same
ages.
GIS
development

23. Representa3on
of
rela3ve
ages:
concatena3on
of
the
codes
of
maximum
age
with
the
minimum
age
Subcase
1:
maximum
and
minimum
ages
within
the
same
Era
or
Period
Age
Representa6on
Eoarchean
(A1)
to
Mesoarchean
(A3)
A13
Mesoarchean
(A3)
to
Neoarchean
(A4)
A34
Eoarchean
(A1)
to
Neoarchean
(A4)
A
Rhyacian
(PP2)
to
Statherian
(PP4)
PP24
Siderian
(PP1)
to
Statherian
(PP4)
PP
Calymmian
(MP1)
to
Ectasian
(MP2)
MP12
Calymmian
(MP1)
to
Stenian
(MP3)
MP
Cryogenian
(NP2)
to
Ediacaran
(NP3)
NP23
Tonian
(NP1)
to
Ediacaran
(NP3)
NP
Serie
2
(ε2)
to
Furongian
(ε4)
ε34
Lower
Ordovician
(O1)
to
Middle
Ordovician
(O2)
O12
Wenlock
(S2)/Pridoli
(S4)
S24
Middle
Devonian
(D2)
to
Upper
Devonian
(D3)
D23
Guadalupian
(P2)
to
Lonpigian
(P3)
P23
Lower
Triassic
(T1)
to
Middle
Triassic
(T2)
T12
Middle
Jurassic
(J2)
to
Upper
Jurassic
(J3)
J23
Paleocene
(E1)
to
Eocene
(E2)
E12
Miocene
(N1)
to
Pliocene
(N2)
N
Pleistocene
(Q1)
to
Holocene
(Q2)
Q12
There
are
situa6ons
in
which
neither
geochronological
da6ng
nor
field
researches
permit
the
precise
loca6on
of
chrono-­‐lithostra6graphy
unit
in
a
certain
Era,
Period
or
Epoch
of
the
Chronostra6graphic
Chart.
It
is
the
typical
case
of
some
metamorphic
core
complexes
involved
in
more
than
one
termo-­‐
thectonic
event,
where
the
da6ng
indicates
many
ages,
depending
on
the
sampled
site.
In
this
par6cular
scenario,
the
age
code
is
made
with
the
juxtaposi6on
of
the
codes
of
maximum
age
with
the
minimum
age.
Rela/ve
ages
GIS
development

24. 2
-­‐Nature
of
the
rocks
Igneous
(greek
lehers
according
to
the
type)
Sedimentary
(S)
Metamorphic
(M)
Igneous
rocks
Leher
Nature
ρ
Rho
acid
volcanism
α
Alfa
intermediate
volcanism
β
Beta
mafic
volcanism
γ
Gamma
acid
plutonism
ε
Epsilon
intermediate
plutonism
δ
Delta
mafic
plutonism
μ
Um
ultramafic
plutonism
and
volcanism
λ
Lambda
alkali
plutonism
and
volcanism
Igneous
rocks:
fragmentary
volcanism
Genera
l
Type
Consolidated
Unconsolidated
vc
Volcanoclas6c
P
Pyroclas6c
H
Hialoclas6c
Au
Autoclas6c
Tf
fine
tuff
nf
–
fine
tephra
Tg
coarse
tuff
ng
–
coarse
tephra
Lp
lapili6c
tuff
nl
–
lapilli-­‐tephra
Av
volcanic
agglomerate
nb
–
bomb-­‐tephra
Bv
volcanic
breccia
nq-­‐
block-­‐tephra
The
characteriza3on
of
the
representa3ve
units
of
fragmentary
volcanism
must
be
done
aqer
the
inser3on
of
the
greek
leher
corresponding
to
the
type
of
volcanism.
Only
a
greek
leher
characterizes
a
unit
composed,
predominantly,
of
floods.
MPρp
(mesoproterozoic,
ρ
àacid
volcanism,
p
àpyroclas3c)
MP
γ-­‐3500
mesoproterozoic,
igneous
γ
-­‐>
acid
plutonic
,
record
3500
MP
μ-­‐1230
mesoproterozoic,
igneous
μ
-­‐>
ultramafic
plutonism/volcanism,
record
1230
NP3
γ-­‐5
neoproterozoic,
3
-­‐>
Ediacaran,
igneous
γ
-­‐>
acid
plutonic,
record
5
PP1ρ-­‐1200
paleoproterozoic,
1-­‐Siderian,
igneous
ρ
-­‐>
acid
volcanism,
record
1200
K1
α-­‐567
cretaceous,
1-­‐
lower
cretaceous,
igneous
α
-­‐>
intermediate
volcanism,
record
567
MPρvc-­‐120
mesoproterozoic,
igneous
ρ
àacid
volcanism,
vc
àvolcanoclas6c,
record
120
K2
βbv
-­‐12
cretaceous,
2
–upper
cretaceous,
igneous
β
-­‐>
mafic
volcanism,
bv
-­‐
>
volcanic
breccia,
record
12
J3K1S-­‐1000
upper
jurassic
to
lower
cretaceous,
sedimentary
rocks,
record
1000
D23S-­‐34
middle
devonian
to
upper
devonian,
sedimentary
rocks,
record
34
MP12S-­‐1245
lower
mesoproterozoic
to
middle
mesoproterozoic
(Calymmian
to
Ectasian),
sedimentary
rocks,
record
1245
NP3
ρ-­‐bw
(temporary)
–
neoproterozoic,
3-­‐>
Ediacaran,
ρ
-­‐>
acid
volcanism,
bw
–
blue
water
–
the
blue
water
forma6on
(bw)
was
inserted
in
the
leher
symbol,
therefore,
the
defini6ve
and
unique
record
number
does
not
yet
exist.
Examples
GIS
development

25. Codes
Examples
MP
γ-­‐3500
mesoproterozoic,
igneous
γ
-­‐>
acid
plutonic
,
record
3500
MP
μ-­‐1230
mesoproterozoic,
igneous
μ
-­‐>
ultramafic
plutonism/volcanism,
record
1230
NP3
γ-­‐5
neoproterozoic,
3
-­‐>
Ediacaran,
igneous
γ
-­‐>
acid
plutonic,
record
5
PP1ρ-­‐1200
paleoproterozoic,
1-­‐Siderian,
igneous
ρ
-­‐>
acid
volcanism,
record
1200
K1
α-­‐567
cretaceous,
1-­‐
lower
cretaceous,
igneous
α
-­‐>
intermediate
volcanism,
record
567
MPρvc-­‐120
mesoproterozoic,
igneous
ρ
àacid
volcanism,
vc
àvolcanoclas6c,
record
120
K2
βbv
-­‐12
cretaceous,
2
–upper
cretaceous,
igneous
β
-­‐>
mafic
volcanism,
bv
-­‐>
volcanic
breccia,
record
12
J3K1S-­‐1000
upper
jurassic
to
lower
cretaceous,
sedimentary
rocks,
record
1000
D23S-­‐34
middle
devonian
to
upper
devonian,
sedimentary
rocks,
record
34
MP12S-­‐1245
lower
mesoproterozoic
to
middle
mesoproterozoic
(Calymmian
to
Ectasian),
sedimentary
rocks,
record
1245
NP3
ρ-­‐bw
(temporary)
–
neoproterozoic,
3-­‐>
Ediacaran,
ρ
-­‐>
acid
volcanism,
bw
–
blue
water
–
the
blue
water
forma6on
(bw)
was
inserted
in
the
leher
symbol,
therefore,
the
defini6ve
and
unique
record
number
does
not
yet
exist.
GIS
development

26. Proposal
for
the
elabora3on
of
ahributes
of
GIS
As
previously
stated,
the
GIS
of
the
pilot
area
will
contain
ESRI
format
ahribute
tables,
organized
into
sets
called
GEODATABASE.
This
format
will
be
modeling
core
of
future
database.
(GEODATABASE
is
not
the
defini3ve
database)
Crhono-­‐lithostra6graphy
organized
in
chronolitho
geodatase
Outcrops
organized
in
outcrop
geodatabase
Mineral
resources
organized
in
mineral
resource
geodatabase
Machrostructural
elements
organized
in
structural
geodabase
Sample
of
geochemistry
data
organized
in
geochemistry
geodatabase
Petrography
descrip6on
data
organized
in
petrography
geodatabase
GIS
development

27. Chronolitho
geodatabase
Geodatabase

28. Outcrop
geodatabase
Geodatabase

29. Outcrop
with
two
parts.
Outcrop
with
two
parts.
Outcrop
with
one
part
and
several
rocks
Outcrop
with
two
parts
–
Part
(1)
:
metassediments
Part
(2):sandstone
Outcrop
with
two
parts
Outcrop
with
two
parts
Outcrops
-­‐
geodatabase
-­‐
example
Geodatabase

30. Mineral
Ressource
geodatabase
Geodatabase

31. Macro
structural
geodatadabase
Geodatabase

32. Petrography
geodatabase
Geodatabase

33.
Geochemistry
geodatabase
Geodatabase

34. The
data
entry
will
be
through
tools
built
in
the
module
MODEL
BUILDER
–
ARCGIS
.
The
area
commands
scripts.
When
executed
they
bind
tables
with
ahributes
to
graphical
en66es.
This
is
due
to
the
fact
that
the
descrip6on
of
the
ahributes
are
standardized
with
libraries
of
terms
that
must
be
obeyed.
This
is
a
way
to
make
it
easier.
But,
other
methods
may
also
be
used
at
this
stage.
Geodatabase

35. Tool
created
on
Modelbuilder
This
connects
the
table
of
shapefile
with
geodatabase
Add
the
Africa_Toolbox.tbx
in
the
ArcToolbox.
Example
-­‐
Using
the
tool
Africa_Toolbox.tbx
Geodatabase

36.
Geodatabase
Filling
the
fields
of
stra6graphy
table
-­‐
Africa
Toobox

37. Data
capture
-­‐
georeferencing
–
digitaliza3on
–
topological
correc3on
Data
capture
Georreferencing
-­‐
QGIS
Digitaliza6on
-­‐
QGIS
Topological
correc6on
-­‐
ArcMap
Capturing
and
correc3ng
data
for
GIS

38. Shaded
relief
-­‐
edi6ng
polygons
–
map
x
geomorphology
Shaded
relief
-­‐
QGIS
Edi6ng
–
QGIS
Edi6ng
-­‐
QGIS
Capturing
and
correc3ng
data
for
GIS

39. Change
projec6on
–
ArcGis
Change
projec6on
–
Qgis
Capturing
and
correc3ng
data
for
GIS

40. Maps
integra3on
and
con3guous
sheet
adjus3ng
Capturing
and
correc3ng
data
for
GIS

41.
Project’s
intermediate
product
At
the
end
of
GIS
assembly,
organized
in
ArcMap
environment,
the
data
will
be
migrated
to
ArcExibe
environment
(freeware)
and
recorded
on
CDs.
In
addi6on
to
GIS
assembly,
maps,
in
pdf
version,
containing
design
layout
of
the
pilot
area
for
prin6ng,
will
be
available.
Everything
will
be
managed
by
a
Flash-­‐like
environment,
with
a
main
menu,
which
enables
ArcExibe
installa6on,
to
call
up
the
GIS
project
displaying
maps
and
layers,
to
show
and
print
map
in
pdf
version,
to
view
maps
in
KML
format
on
Google
Earth
and
to
open
reports
about
the
pilot
area,
if
any.
This
CD
or
sets
of
CD’s
will
be
available
in
series,
cons6tu6ng
an
intermediate
product
of
this
project.
EX:projeto
Noroeste-­‐Nordeste
do
Mato
Grosso

42. Project’s
intermediate
product
Intermediate
product
CD
-­‐
GIS
ArcExibe
–
Freeware
view
Print
Map
GIS
Brazil
Box
with
CDs

43. Project’s
intermediate
product
The
GIS
files,
in
geode6c
values
and
WGS84
datum
or
SIRGAS
2000
(Official
datum
of
Brazil),
will
be
converted
into
cartographic
projec6on
with
the
same
datum.
For
regional
scales
the
Polyconic
Projec;on
will
be
used
with
appropriate
central
meridian
(scales
1:5.000.000
etc.),
for
maps
that
correspond
to
areas
close
to
a
sheet
from
millionth
map,
the
cartographic
projec6on
Lambert
Conformal
Conic
(up
to
1:1.000.000)
will
be
used
and
for
small
maps
that
are
within
the
same
zone,
the
UTM
projec6on
(1:100.000,
1:250.000
etc.).
Print
Map

44. Project’s
intermediate
product

45. Project’s
intermediate
product
Example
-­‐
Intermediate
product
-­‐
CD
(GIS
and
printer
map)
Map
–
Project
Xingu

46. Database
construc3on
The
building
of
a
robust
and
corporate
geological
database
is
not
an
easy
task,
yet
necessary.
From
the
reasons
that
support
the
building
of
a
corporate
database,
the
following
are
highlighted:
• Data
security.
• Search
and
storage.
• Data
organiza3on
and
standardiza3on.
• Dissemina3on
of
geological
and
environmental
informa3on.
• Search
for
various
ahributes
or
their
composi3on.
• Data
display
via
internet
-­‐
Web
GIS
–
applica3ons.
• Access
through
various
hardwares,
laptops,
desktops,
tablets
and
mobile
phones.
• Obtaining
standardized
data
for
modeling
and
geoprocessing
ac3vi3es.
• Genera3on
of
new
themes,
result
of
geoprocessing.
•
Business
rules
and
new
manners
of
working
data,
both
in
the
obtaining
and
in
the
interac3on.
• GIS
in
the
fieldwork.
Reasons
for
developing
a
spa3al
database

47. Reasons
for
developing
a
spa3al
dabase

48. Hardware
and
soqware
installa3on
The
stage
in
which
experts,
with
the
support
of
the
companies
and/or
specialists
hired
only
for
these
ac6vi6es,
will
set
up
the
computers,
carry
out
the
installa6on
of
soVware
and
other
support
programs
for
a
perfect
physical
opera6on
of
the
database.
Usually,
upon
installa6on
of
hardware,
the
companies
that
sell
the
products
carry
out
the
assembly
of
equipment
and
even
the
installa6on
of
some
soVware
that
come
with
them.
Developing
a
spa3al
database

49.
Servers:
02
Sun
Fire
X4450
02
Dell
PowerEdge
R610
01
Dell
PowerEdge
R710
Soqwares:
Oracle
Database
Server
Enterprise
12c
Oracle
Weblogic
Server
Enterprise
12c
Oracle
Real
Applica3on
Clusters
12c
Oracle
Op3on
Spa3al
ESRI
ArcGIS
Server
10.4
Operacional
systems:
03
-­‐
Microsoq
Windows
2008
Server
Enterprise
03
-­‐
Oracle
Linux
6
Storage:
01
-­‐
Storage
EMC
VNX-­‐5400
Developing
a
spa3al
database
SERPRO
–
DATA
HOUSE
–
FEDERAL
GOVERNMENT
OF
BRAZIL
Rio
de
Janeiro
-­‐
Brazil

50. This
is
the
most
important
step
when
crea6ng
a
database.
Here,
the
ahributes
of
the
Oracle®
table
will
be
created,
and
connected
to
the
library
of
terms.
OVen,
these
tables,
with
their
respec6ve
library,
are
the
same
ones
already
made
for
GIS.
Some
are
similar
to
GEOBANK,
ins6tu6onal
database
of
Geological
Survey
of
Brazil,
and
others
will
be
created
from
local
discussions.
Geology
bases
Developing
a
spa3al
database

51.
Chrono-­‐lithostra/graphy
–
base
cons6tuted
of
geological
classes
catalog
and
their
main
ahributes,
being
the
leher
symbol
and
scale
one
of
the
most
important.
Other
ahributes
are:
rocks,
metamorphic
grade,
ages
or
age
range.
It
will
be
linked
to
geological
polygons
in
spacial
environment.
Support
libraries:
rocks,
metamorphic
grade,
geological
age,
etc.
The
items
of
this
base
are
oVen
organized
into
affilia6on
arrangements
between
classes,
as
supergroup,
groups
and
forma6ons,
members,
beds,
facies
for
sedimentary
rocks;
suite
and
body
for
igneous
rock;
complex,
unit
or
sequence
and
lithofacies
for
metamorphic
rocks,
etc.
Its
modeling
will
take
place
from
CRONOLITHO
GEODATABASE.
Geological
outcrops
–
point
base
composed
of
descrip6on
of
geological
outcrop
located
by
their
la6tudes
and
longitudes.
It
will
be
linked
to
the
geological
outcrop
points.
Support
library:
rocks,
structural
geology,
etc.
Existence
of
textual
field
where
there
is
the
outcrop
descrip6on
made
by
the
field
geologist.
The
modeling
of
this
base
will
be
started
from
OUTCROP
GEODATABASE.
Geology
bases
Developing
a
spa3al
database

52.
Developing
a
spa3al
database
Mineral
resources
–
point
base
with
the
descrip6on
of
mineral
resources,
iden6fied
by
la6tude
and
longitude.
It
will
be
linked
to
the
mineral
resource
points.
Support
library:
status,
rocks,
substances
etc.
Mines,
mineral
occurrences
and
garimpos
will
be
found
here.
Its
modeling
willtake
place
from
MINERAL
RESOURCES
GEODATABASE.
Structural
base
of
faults,
fractures
and
linea/ons
–
this
base
consists
of
faults,
fractures
and
linea6ons
descrip6on,
using
the
strike,
slip,
dip
and
other
parameters.
Base
linked
to
linear
en66es.
Various
support
libraries.
The
modeling
of
this
base
will
started
from
STRUCTURAL
GEODATABASE.
Other
bases
–
different
bases,
both
with
direct
input
and
for
storing
data
obtained
through
interac6on
of
exis6ng
data.
It
is
important
to
emphasize
the
polygonal
collec6on
corresponding
to
files
of
polygon,
polylines
and
points
,
in
shapefile
format,
worked
during
the
GIS
stage,
it
will
also
migrate
to
tables
under
Oracle
®
spacial
cartridge.
The
images
will
compose
the
base
of
image
of
the
database.
These
files
will
be
stored
in
tables
under
Oracle
®
image
cartridge.

53. Example
-­‐
Oracle
®
base
from
GEOBANK
–
Geological
Survey
of
Brazil
LITO
(Litho)
AFLORA
(Outcrop)
RECMIN
(Mineral
Resource)
Developing
a
spa3al
database

54.
Linking
Oracle
®
database
to
ArcGIS
Server
The
link
between
the
database
and
ArcGis
will
occur
by
the
assembly
of
GIS,
using
ArcMap
desktop,
Oracle
database
and
published
by
ArcGis
Server,
providing
services
and
data
access.
Developing
a
spa3al
database

55. At
this
stage,
the
services
published
will
allow
the
opera6on
of
defined
architecture,
with
the
responses
to
the
requests
made
from
Web
Map
environment.
ArcGis
server
-­‐
Services
Using
the
published
services
of
ArcGis
Server

56. Using
the
published
services
of
ArcGis
Server

57.
Web
Map
The
search,
data
entry
and
map
display
screens
(Web
Map
environment)
will
be
created
and
developed
directly
in
HTML,
with
parts,
related
to
calls
to
ac6on
and
geoprocessing
services,
wrihen
in
javascript
esri
®.
The
pages
obtained
should
be
lightweight
to
navigate,
easy
to
access
and
compa6ble
with
most
browsers
in
the
market.
Using
the
published
services
of
ArcGis
Server

58.
WEB
map
(javascript
,
pyton,
flex,
php,
html5,
etc.)
ArcGis
Server
ArcSDE
-­‐
protocol
Services
func6ons
Func6ons
Maps
and
ahributes
Using
the
published
services
of
ArcGis
Server
Link
-­‐
Database

59. Web
Map
must
have
some
important
func3ons,
as
the
following:
• Displaying
map
layers.
• Several
zoom
levels.
• Displaying
basemap
and
public
image
galleries.
• Displaying
cursor
map
coordinates.
• Searching
adresses
and
loca6ons
on
map.
• Searching
by
ahributes.
• Performing
graphical
searches.
• Performing
combined
search
types:
graphical
and
ahributes.
• Displaying
ahributes
of
graphical
en66es
clicked
on
the
map.
• Calcula6ng
areas
and
measure
distances.
• Displaying
map
or
layer
sub6tles.
• Extrac6ng
vector
data
from
databases.
• Saving
search
results
data,
including
map
graphical
en66es.
• Extrac6ng
raster.
• Crea6ng
topographic
profiles.
• Crea6ng
buffers.
• Downloading
en6re
files.
WebMap
Using
the
published
services
of
ArcGis
Server

60. RENCA
-­‐
Na6onal
Copper
Reserve
Using
the
published
services
of
ArcGis
Server
ArcGis
Server
-­‐
Service

61. Program
Exibe_Geobank
(JHG
owner)
-­‐
Database
services
Using
the
published
services
of
ArcGis
Server

62. App
GIS
developed
for
Android
-­‐
(tablet
–
cellphone)-­‐
João
Henrique
GEOBANK_GIS_CPRM
-­‐
You
can
get
on
Google
Play
Store
(freeware)
Using
the
published
services
of
ArcGis
Server

63. New
proposal
to
display
maps
,
in
Brazil
not
yet
implemented
New
proposal
to
display
maps
Using
the
published
services
of
ArcGis
Server

64. D a t a
generation
w i t h t h e
contribution
o f t h e
existent data
Enter field data
(new data)
GEOBANK
Cellphone
Tablets
Using
the
published
services
of
ArcGis
Server
Private
cloud

65. Cellphone
or
tablet
without
internet,
without
SIM-­‐CARD
–
model
QGIS
Field
data
base
entry
Data
entry
in
the
database
without
internet

66. GEOBANK
Data
entry
in
the
database
with
internet
Working
with
data
KIT
Working
with
pocket
PC
or
Netbook
in
field

67. Organizedand
standardized
database
Projects à data
Standard
Libraries
Search (SQL)
anddata
view
Conections and
geoprocessing
database
Database
for
modeling
Extracting data
Boolean logic
Fuzzy logic
Weight of
evidence
Neural
network
Database
architecture

68. Data
consistency
Consistency
staff
Ahributes
and
maps
GIS
the
field
Database
administra6on
Database
DBA
-­‐
staff
Applica6ons
for
database
fill
Standard
field
book
Symbols
lehers,
ahributes,
fill,
hierarchy,
etc.
Maps,
polygons,
lines,
points.
Migra6on
ahributes
and
maps
the
storage
structure
of
the
database
Web
applic6on
Fix
errors
AVer
that
The
data
goes
to
dba
staff
to
be
inserted
in
the
database
Database
management
Private
cloud
App
–desktop/cellphoe3

69. • Existence
of
an
equipped
geoprocessing
center
• Aside
from
equipment,
soqware
and
financial
resources
for
that,
it
is
necessary
to
count
on
the
collabora3on
of
a
small
team
of
experts
(central)
that
can
par3cipate,
from
the
early
stages
un3l
the
full
integra3on
and
disclosure
of
these
tools.
• The
experts
should
have
vast
experience
on
the
type
of
ac3vity,
domain
on
the
subject,
on
which
they
will
act
and
the
possibility
to
follow
the
project
from
the
beginning
to
the
end.
The
transference
of
technology
and
knowledge
is
something
valuable
and,
when
it
happens,
the
ins3tu3onal
gain
is
immense.
• Select
an
area
to
build
a
pilot
GIS,
which
can
be
a
country,
a
con3nent,
etc.
(preferably
a
large
work
area)
Requirements
to
develop
the
project

70. Minimum
team
of
experts
to
assist
in
the
work
Senior
Geologist,
coordinator
of
the
experts’
team,
with
exper6se
and
experiences
in
this
type
of
ac6vity,
with
vast
domain
in
all
areas
of
work
covering
the
project.
Senior
Geologist
data
integrator.
Expert
with
domain
in
ArcMap,
great
knowledge
of
geological
database
and
data
integra6on.
Complete
dominion
of
the
main
libraries
of
informa6on
that
should
be
ahached
to
a
geological
database,
expert
on
geological
mapping,
author
of
many
geological
maps
integra6on,
proven
experience
in
data
integra6on
and
prepara6ons
of
symbols
to
name
the
geological
classes
of
maps.
Geologist
or
geographer
with
great
domain
in
ArcMap.
Expert
of
digi6za6on
techniques,
data
integra6on,
data
modeling,
GIS
assembly,
ArcGIS
Server
installa6on,
ArcSDE,
crea6on
of
maps
and
layouts
for
prin6ng,
assembly
CDs
with
free
distribu6on
soVware,
vector
data
preparer
for
migra6on
to
database
and
trainer
of
ESRI
technology
to
publicize
these
ac6vi6es.
Analyst
with
domain
in
Oracle
and
Spa;al
Oracle.
Proven
experience
in
crea6on
of
spa6al
databases
with
exhibi6on
via
Web.
Experienced
professional
and
expert
of
all
the
problems
related
to
geological
data
storage,
large
maps
with
lots
of
classes.
Complete
dominion
in
ArcSDE
installa6on
working
with
Oracle
and
ArcGIS
Server.
Domain
of
Postgre
Postgis
and
expert
in
Java
Script
and
Java.
Requirements
to
develop
the
project

71. Requirements
to
develop
the
project
GIS
courses
The
GIS
courses
must
be
conducted
by
two
experts
for
a
group
of
up
to
20
people,
with
a
computer
for
every
two
students.
The
courses
are
divided
into
three
levels:
LEVEL
(I)
–
Basic
course
–
Gewng
to
know
the
environment
LEVEL
(II)
–
Intermediate
course
–
Using
tools
LEVEL
(III)
Advanced
course
–
Data
modeling

72. Requirements
to
develop
the
project

73. Thank
you
for
your
ahen6on
joao.henrique@cprm.gov.br
Geologist
João
Henrique
Gonçalves
Geological
Survey
of
Brazil