Presentation by Prof. Gbenga Okunlola

1. COMPETENCY CHALLENGES IN
DEVELOPING MINERAL AND
PETROLEUM RESOURCES
Prof Gbenga Okunlola

2. • REPORTING
• MINING
• PROCESSING (VALUE ADDITION
• ECONOMIC EVALUATION
• GOVERNACE STRUCTURE
• COMMUNITY RELATION/DEVELOPMENT
AGREEMENTS
• CERTIFIED ANALYSTS

3. EXPLORATION AND REPORTING
• MANY GEOSCIENTISTS
• AVAILABILITY OF TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS
• LITTLE EXPERIENCE,
• LITTLE SPECIALISED EXPERTISE AND
EXPOSURE ON SPECIFIC DEPOSITS

4. MINING
• INADEQUATE TRAINING FACILITIES/CENTRES
• LOW EXPERIENCE/ ACCESSIBILITY TO
APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY

5. PROCESSING AND VALUE ADDITION
• INADEQUATE VALUE ADDITION VENTURES
• RAW MATERIAL EXPORT HAS BEEN THE FOCUS

6. PETROLEUM
• MANY AFRICAN NATIONS ARE NOW
BECOMING PETROLEUM PRODUCERS
• NO LOCAL PETROLEUM TRAINING CENTRES
AT TERTIARY LEVELS IN MANY AFRICAN
NATIONS
• EXPATRAITES STILL DOMINATE THE
SPECIALISED AREAS

7. SOLUTIONS
• Requirements for a GKZ Expert
• A GKZ Expert must: • Have completed a course of higher education, have at least 5
years work experience, and possess the scientific and practical knowledge in fields
relevant to assessment of mineral resources, to the extent necessary to carry out
highly skilled expert audits • Be independent • Be a member of OERN ( the
Association of Experts of Russia on Mineral Resources) – a new requirement • In
his/her activities must follow the laws of the Russian Federation and other
legislative and regulatory requirements in the field of subsoil us
• Requirements for the Competent Person in Russia
• To be a member of a recognised professional organisation • To have at least 5
years experience • To be familiar with international reporting standards • To be
familiar with the laws and regulations of the Russian Federation in the field of
subsoil us
• Accreditation of Competent Persons
• • Russian Society of Experts on Natural Resources (OERN) set up in 2007
Independent self-regulating organisation, An association of professional minerals
industry geologists Has a defined code of professional ethics and disciplinary
procedure

8. • Competent Persons
• Definition of a Competent Person
• Any Public Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources or Ore Reserves must be based on and fairly reflect
documentation prepared by a Competent Person in accordance with the JORC Code. The company must obtain
the prior written consent of the Competent Person to the form and context in which it reports the Competent
Person’s work.
• A Competent Person must be a Member or Fellow of The Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, or of the
Australian Institute of Geoscientists, or of a ‘Recognised Professional Organisation’.
• A Competent Person must have a minimum of five years’ experience working with the style of mineralisation or
type of deposit under consideration and relevant to the activity which that person is undertaking.
• For example:
• If the Competent Person is preparing a report on Exploration Results, the relevant experience must be in
exploration.
• If the Competent Person is estimating, or supervising the estimation of Mineral Resources, the relevant experience
must be in the estimation, assessment and evaluation of Mineral Resources.
• If the Competent Person is estimating, or supervising the estimation of Ore Reserves, the relevant experience
must be in the estimation, assessment, evaluation and economic extraction of Ore Reserves.
• For further information on the definition of a Competent Person please refer to Clause 11 of the JORC Code. Any
individual proposing to work as a Competent Person must assess their ability to meet the Clause 11 requirements
for each project they undertake.
• The Library page of this website includes some useful articles that describe the role and obligations of Competent
Persons.

9. • Potential confusion between Competent Person and
Chartered Professional
• The AusIMM professional accreditation term 'Chartered
Professional' and its commonly used abbreviation 'CP'
should not be confused with 'Competent Person'. A
Competent Person must spell out the term in full and
cannot use the acronym 'CP'.
• An AusIMM Chartered Professional undergoes an
accreditation process through the AusIMM Chartered
Professional Program while a Competent Person must meet
a separate set of specific criteria in relation to the JORC
code. The AusIMM Chartered Professional Program does
not assess this.

10. • International Reciprocity of Competent Persons
• In 2003 The Australian Securities Exchange (ASX)
introduced a procedure for identifying
‘Recognised Professional Organisations’ as
accredited organisations to which Competent
Persons must belong for the purpose of preparing
reports on Exploration Results, Mineral Resources
and Ore Reserves for submission to the ASX (if
they are not members of the AusIMM or AIG).

11. Professional Organisation Minimum membership class required
Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining Member (MIMMM) or Fellow (FIMMM)
Geological Society of London
Chartered Geologist (CGeol), Chartered Scientist (CSci) or European
Geologist (EurGeol)
Institute of Geologists of Ireland Professional Geologist (PGeo)
European Federation of Geologists European Geologist (EurGeol)
Mining and Metallurgical Society of America Qualified Professional (QP)
American Institute of Professional Geologists Certified Professional Geologist (CPG)
Society for Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration SME Registered Member
Engineering Council of South Africa Professional Engineer (Pr Eng)
South African Council for Natural Scientific Professions Professional Natural Scientist (Pr.Sci.Nat.)
Geological Society of South Africa Member or Fellow
The Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy Member or Fellow
South African Council for Professional and Technical Surveyors Mine Surveyors and Professional Mine Surveyors
Professional Engineers Ontario P.Eng.
Association of Professional Engineers and Geoscientists of British
Columbia
P.Geo, or P.Eng,
The following are the current RPOs:

12. Association of Professional Engineers and Geoscientists of
Manitoba
P.Geo, or P.Eng,
Association of Professional Geoscientists of Ontario P.Geo., P.Geo.(limited), P.Geo.(Temporary)
Association of Professional Engineers and Geoscientists of
Newfoundland and Labrador
P.Eng., P.Geo.
Association of Professional Engineers, Geologists and
Geophysicists of the Northwest Territories
P.Eng, P.Geo (or P.Geol., P.Geoph.)
Association of Professional Geoscientists of Nova Scotia P.Geo.
Association of Professional Engineers and Geoscientists of New
Brunswick
P.Geo., P.Eng.
Association of Professional Engineers, Geologists and
Geophysicists of Alberta.
P.Eng., P.Geo., P.Geoph.
Association of Professional Engineers and Geoscientists of
Saskatchewan
P.Geo. or P.Eng.
Ordre des Geologues du Québec P.Geo., géo.
Ordre des Ingénieurs du Québec P. Eng. or ing.
Comisión Calificadora de Competencias en Recursos y Reservas
Mineras (Chilean Mining Commission or Comisión Minera)
Registered Member
Russian Society of Subsoil Use Experts (OERN) Expert

13. • A Recognised Professional Organisation must:
• be a self-regulatory organisation covering professionals in
the mining and/or exploration industry;
• admit members primarily on the basis of their academic
qualifications and professional experience;
• require compliance with the professional standards of
competence and ethics established by the organisation
anywhere in the World (not just within the home
jurisdiction of the organisation); and
• have disciplinary powers, including the power to suspend or
expel a member for breaches of professional standards of
competence or ethics anywhere in the World