3. (1987, Williams) A biomaterial is a
nonviable material used in a medical
device, intended to interact with
biological system.
A biomaterial is any matter, surface, or
construct that interacts with biological
systems
(Bhat) Nondrug material that can be used to
treat, enhance or replace any tissue,
organ, or function in a organism.
(Bhat) Biological derived material that is
used for its structural rather than its
biological properties.
4. • Joint replacements
• Bone plates
• Bone cement
• Hip Joint
• Artificial ligaments and tendons
• Dental implants for tooth fixation
• Blood vessel prostheses
• Heart valves
• Skin repair devices
• Cochlear replacements
• Contact lenses
7. The identification of correct
biomaterials is a critical
determinant of the clinical
performance of an implanted
device.
8.
9. 1. Mechanical properties of the various
tissues in the human body are well
established, and it is important that the
in-vivo environment of an implant be
considered during implant design.
Mechanical performance of an
implanted device is influenced by the
inherent properties of the chosen
biomaterial grades and by the
processing method used to convert
them into their finished forms.
10. 2. Degradation properties of chosen
biomaterials can play a pivotal role in
determining tissue healing dynamics and
thus clinical outcome. Timescales involved
in the tissue regeneration process are
increasingly well understood. Through
transferring functional requirement back
to the native tissue during its
regeneration, clinically superior results
may be achieved. Furthermore,
resorption of the implant can reduce both
lifetime procedural cost and incidence of
post-operative complications.
11. 3. Surface properties of a biomaterial,
determined by both its chemical
composition and conversion
processes, affect the local tissue
response at the biomaterial-tissue
interface on a cellular level.
Consideration is therefore given to
the desired cellular response to a
biomaterial surface, during medical
implant design.
13. Elastic Modulus
Elastic modulus is simply
defined as the ratio of stress to
strain within the proportional limit.
Physically, it represents the stiffness
of a material within the elastic range
when tensile or compressive load
are applied. It is clinically important
because it indicates the selected
biomaterial has similar deformable
properties with the material it is
going to replace
15. Hardness
Hardness is one of the
most important parameters for
comparing properties of
materials. It is used for finding
the suitability of the clinical use
of biomaterials. Biomaterial
hardness is desirable as equal to
bone hardness.
16. Fatigue
Fatigue is defined as
failure of a material due to
repeated/cyclic loading or
unloading (tensile or
compressive stresses).
18. According to Marc Hendriks, R&D and technology
director at DSM Biomedical (Maastricht, Netherlands):
Biomaterials technology will help the industry and the
medical community successfully address some of the
most significant issues and trends in healthcare delivery
today and in the future, including:
• Costs.
• Minimization.
• Infection prevention.
19. • Another future use Biomaterials is that it can
be used instead of plastics and polymers
currently produced from petroleum, but at
current capacity the materials can replace a
mere 1 percent of plastics. Lux Research
expects this market to grow by a minimum of
17.7 percent per year, driven by big
corporations. Petroleum is used in a
bewildering array of products and packaging,
but fluctuations in oil prices make it difficult
for companies to predict the cost of materials.
Bio-based fibers for textiles and acetate, used
for things like pens and toothbrushes,
dominate the bio-based materials scene.
20. 1. As a replacement of
diseased and damage
part.
Craig Lewis
21. 1.1 Heart Valve
• Fabricated from carbons, metals,
elastomers, fabrics, and natural
valves.
• Must NOT React With Chemicals in
Body.
• Attached By Polyester Mesh.
• Tissue Growth Facilitated By Polar
Oxygen-Containing Groups.
• Almost as soon as valve implanted
cardiac function is restored to near
normal.
22.
23. 1.2 Dental Implants
• Small titanium fixture that serves
as the replacement for the root
portion of a missing natural tooth.
• Implant is placed in the bone of the
upper or lower jaw and allowed to
bond with the bone.
• Most dental implants are: pure
titanium screw-shaped cylinders
that act as roots for crowns and
bridges, or as supports for dentures.
24. • Capable of bonding to bone, a
phenomenon known as
"osseointegration”.
• Bio-inert, there is no reaction in
tissue and no rejection or allergic
reactions.
25. 1.3 Intraocular Lenses
• Made of PMM, silicone elastomer,
and other materials.
• By age 75 more than 50% of
population suffers from cataracts.
• 1.4 million implantations in the
United States yearly.
• Good vision is generally restored
almost immediately after lens is
inserted.
26.
27. Other Example
• Joint replacements
• Bone cement
• Artificial ligaments and
tendons
• Dental implants for tooth
fixation
• Blood vessel prostheses
32. 4. Correct Functional
Abnormalities
A pacemaker (or artificial pacemaker, so as
not to be confused with the heart's natural
pacemaker) is a medical device that uses electrical
impulses, delivered by electrodes contracting the
heart muscles, to regulate the beating of the heart.
The primary purpose of a pacemaker is to maintain
an adequate heart rate, either because the heart's
natural pacemaker is not fast enough, or there is a
block in the heart's electrical conduction system.
35. 1. True or False. A
is any matter, surface, or construct
interacts with biological systems
2. True or False. Heart Valve is a
36. 3. Not True or Not False? Strength of
materials is defined as the maximum stresses
can be endured before fracture occurs.
4. Not not false or Not not true? Biomaterials
cannot be use for healing.
5 -6 . Not False or Not True?
“Osseaointegration” is a phenomenon that is
Capable of bonding bone.
37. 7 – 8. Fabricated from carbons, metals,
elastomers, fabrics, and natural valves. (Two
answers)
a.) Not choice b
b.) Not not Heart Valve
c.) Not not not choice a
d.) Not not not choice c
38. Every 5: 30 in a morning, one student at Faith
used to ride a motorcycle to go to school. He have to go
his class at exactly 7:30 am.
One day, his alarm clock malfunctioned,
consequently, he woke up thirty minutes before his
class (7:00) so he hurried up to make it in his class.
While Crossing the road, he did not notice an
approaching vehicle and his motorcycled crashed.
Fortunately, he was rushed to the hospital immediately
after the accident.
After some tests, the findings show his leg bone
was fractured. His doctor recommend to use
biomaterials for the operation.
39. By the way, __________ is defined as failure
of a material due to repeated/cyclic loading
or unloading (tensile or compressive stresses).
(1 point)
a.) Fatigue
b.) Fractured
c.) osseointegration
40. 10. Part of the human body (internal or
external) that can never be replaced by
biomaterial.
