2. INTRODUCTION:
Everything in this universe is made up of material which scientists have
named “MATTER”.
Panch tatva = Air, Earth, Water, Fire and Sky.
Modern day Scientists have evolved two types of classification of matter
based on their physical and chemical nature.
7. STATESOFMATTER:
There are three states of matter: solid, liquid and gas.
These states arises due to the variation in the characteristics of the particles of
matter.
1. The Solid State:
Definite shape/ are rigid.
Distinct boundaries
Fixed volumes.
Negligible compressibility
Example: paper, ice, wood
etc.
8. 2. The Liquid State:
No fixed shape.
Fixed volume.
Have fluidity
Solid, liquid and gases all can
diffuse into liquids.
Liquid disuse faster than solid
Example: water, petrol, aceton etc.
No fixed shape
No fixed volume
Great compressibility
Very fast diffusion
Example; oxygen, carbondiocide
etc.
13. CANMATTERCHANGEITSSTATE:
Yes as water exist in all three states.
solid – ice
liquid- water
gas – vapor
Matter can change their state on
changing the conditions of
temperature and pressure.
14. Effect of change of temperature:
The temperature at which solid melts to become a liquid at atmospheric pressure is
called its melting point.
The temperature at which liquid starts boiling at the atmospheric pressureis known as
its boiling point.
The heat absorbed at the state change does not show any rise in temperature and
considered as the latent heat.
21. EVAPORATION:
The phenomenon of change of a liquid into
vapors at any temperature below its boiling
point is known as evaporation.
Factors affecting evaporation:
More is the Surface area more will be
evaporation.
Increase in Temperature increases the
evaporation.
Decrease in humidity decrease the
evaporation.
Wind speed, speed up the evaporation.
23. Whywewearcottonclothesinsummer?
As we know evaporation occurs at the surface,
therefore sweat from the body gets evaporated and
absorbs energy from the surrounding, leaving
behind the cooling effect. Cotton clothes are good
absorbers, hence absorbs the sweat and provide a
wider surface area foe evaporation.