Communication Networks Lecture PPT

1. 1
Communication Networks
( EC5602)
Dr. G. Balamurugan
Assistant Professor
Department of Electronics Engineering
MIT Campus, Anna University.
Dr. G. Balamurugan
Department of Electronics Engineering, MIT Campus
Lecture : 01

2. 2
Programme Outcomes (PO)
Dr. G. Balamurugan
Department of Electronics Engineering, MIT Campus
• PO1: Ability to apply technical knowledge in mathematics, Science and
Engineering leading to the realization and evaluation of complex systems,
through research problems in the context of evolving societal needs
• PO2: Imaginative critical thinking with an ability to think critically, analyze
and solve engineering problems
• PO3: Ability to design a system, component, or process to meet desired needs
within realistic constraints.
• PO4: Ability to, gather user needs and requirements, design, develop, integrate,
and test complex systems by employing systems engineering thinking and
processes, within required operational and acquisition system environments.
• PO5: Personal and intellectual autonomy to independently and with an
openness to reflect upon and use modern engineering tools necessary to
engineering practices

3. 3
Programme Outcomes
Dr. G. Balamurugan
Department of Electronics Engineering, MIT Campus
• PO7: An active and committed global citizen with an awareness of contemporary
issues and their Impact on economic, environmental, social, political, ethical, health
and safety, manufacturability and sustainability.
• PO8: An understanding of professional, ethical, legal issues and responsibilities
• PO9: A creative, enterprising team player and engaged participative leader able to
effect change.
• PO10: A confident, resilient and adaptable individual with good communication
skills
• PO11: Exercise their responsibilities in the management of cost-effective systems
product development by leading and participating in interdisciplinary teams
• PO12: Active exploration of new ideas through lifelong learning.

4. 4
Programme Specific Outcomes (PSOs)
Dr. G. Balamurugan
Department of Electronics Engineering, MIT Campus
• After the completion of B.E. Electronics and Communication Engineering
programme, the student will process the follow program Specific Outcomes:
• PSO1 The curriculum of ECE includes mathematics and Engineering topics
necessary to analyse and design complex Electronic Systems containing Hardware
and Software components.
• PSO2 The curriculum of ECE includes mathematics and Engineering topics
necessary to analyse and design complex Communication Systems containing
Hardware and Software components.

5. 5
Programme Specific Outcomes (PSOs)
Dr. G. Balamurugan
Department of Electronics Engineering, MIT Campus
COURSE NAME PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12
Communication Networks 2 3 3 2
Wireless Communication and
Networking Laboratory
2 2 3 3 2 2 1

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Objectives of the Course
Dr. G. Balamurugan
Department of Electronics Engineering, MIT Campus
• To introduce the relevance of this course to the existing technology through
demonstrations, case studies, simulations, contributions of scientist,
national/international policies with a futuristic vision along with socio-
economic impact and issues ( Unit : 1)
• To introduce the layered communication architectures ( Unit : 1)
• To understand various physical, data link and routing layer protocols ( Unit :
1,2,3)
• To understand application layer protocols and security issues . ( Unit : 4)
• To understand various digital switching techniques. ( Unit : 5)
Functionalities Protocols
Network
Architecture

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Course Outcomes
Dr. G. Balamurugan
Department of Electronics Engineering, MIT Campus
• CO1: Ability to comprehend and appreciate the significance and role of this
course in the present contemporary world.
• CO2: The student would be well versed on the layered communication
architectures.
• CO3: The student would have gained an understanding of the need for different
protocols at the different layers and their interworking.
• CO4: The student will have an exposure to the various digital switching
techniques, and would be able to appreciate the evolving trends.

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Text Books
Dr. G. Balamurugan
Department of Electronics Engineering, MIT Campus
• Behrouz.A. Forouzan, "Data Communication and Networking", Tata McGraw
Hill, 5th Edition 2007.
• John C. Bellamy, Digital Telephony, John Wiley, 3rd Edition, 2006.
• Stallings.W., "Data and Computer Communication", Prentice Hall of India,
10th Edition, 1996
• Tanenboum, A.S, "Computer Networks", Prentice Hall Of India, 6th Edition ,
1996
• Keshav.S. An Engineering Approach To Computer Networking, Addision –
Wesley,1999.
• J.E.Flood, Telecommunication Switching, Traffic and networks, Pearson
Education, 1stEdition,2006

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UNIT I Network Fundamentals and Physical layer
Communication Network Evolution and Recent Trends,
definition of layers, services, interface and protocols, OSI
reference model - layers and duties. TCP/IP reference model
– layers and duties. Physical layer - general description,
characteristics, signaling media types, topologies, examples
physical layer (RS232C, ISDN, ATM, SONET)
Dr. G. Balamurugan
Department of Electronics Engineering, MIT Campus

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Introduction : Data Communication
Dr. G. Balamurugan
Department of Electronics Engineering, MIT Campus
• The term telecommunication means communication at a distance. The word
data refers to information presented in whatever form is agreed upon by the
parties creating and using the data
• Data communications are the exchange of data between two devices via some
form of transmission medium such as a wire cable.
• For data communications to occur, the communicating devices must be part of
a communication system made up of a combination of hardware and software
Evolution of Telecommunication:

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Fundamental Characteristics
Dr. G. Balamurugan
Department of Electronics Engineering, MIT Campus
• The effectiveness of data communication system depends on 4 fundamental
characteristics.
1. Delivery
Deliver data to the correct destination
Intended device or user
2. Accuracy
Deliver the data accurately
Altered in transmission and left uncorrected
3. Timeliness
Deliver data in a timely manner
Ex: Real-time transmission (video and audio) – without delay.
4. Jitter
Jitter refers to the variation in the packet arrival time.
Uneven delay in the delivery of audio or video packets

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Data Communication System Components
Dr. G. Balamurugan
Department of Electronics Engineering, MIT Campus
• Message - text, numbers, pictures, audio, and video
• Sender – computer, workstation, telephone handset, video camera
• Receiver - computer, workstation, telephone handset, TV
• Transmission Medium - twisted-pair wire, coaxial cable, radio waves
• Protocol - set of rules that govern data communications

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What is Network Architecture?
Dr. G. Balamurugan
Department of Electronics Engineering, MIT Campus
• A way to visualize how two remote computers talk to each other
Physical
Data Link
Network
Transport
Application
Network Protocol Stack

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Network Architecture
Dr. G. Balamurugan
Department of Electronics Engineering, MIT Campus
• Requirement : Convert digital data to analog signal and vice versa
Physical
Physical
Data Link
• Requirement : Ensure proper scheduling in media access

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Network Architecture
Dr. G. Balamurugan
Department of Electronics Engineering, MIT Campus
• Requirement: Find out a suitable path to forward data
Physical
Data Link
Network

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Network Architecture
Dr. G. Balamurugan
Department of Electronics Engineering, MIT Campus
• Requirement: End to end traffic control in the network
Physical
Data Link
Network
Transport
Source to destination delivery from
specific process (running
program) on one computer to a
specific process on the other

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Network Architecture
Dr. G. Balamurugan
Department of Electronics Engineering, MIT Campus
Physical
Data Link
Network
Transport
Application

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Data Transfer Between Two Remote
Machines
Dr. G. Balamurugan
Department of Electronics Engineering, MIT Campus

19. 19
Data Transfer Between Two Remote
Machines
Dr. G. Balamurugan
Department of Electronics Engineering, MIT Campus
Picture
Resource:
NPTEL
Computer
Networks
And
Internet
Protocols,
IIT
Kharagpur

20. 20
Protocols at different Layers
Dr. G. Balamurugan
Department of Electronics Engineering, MIT Campus
Protocols
at
different
Layers
Cross
Layer
Protocols
Picture
Resource:
NPTEL
Computer
Networks
And
Internet
Protocols,
IIT
Kharagpur

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Two ways to learn Computer Networks
Dr. G. Balamurugan
Department of Electronics Engineering, MIT Campus
Physical
Data Link
Network
Transport
Application
Physical
Data Link
Network
Transport
Application

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History of Computer Networks
Dr. G. Balamurugan
Department of Electronics Engineering, MIT Campus
Picture
Resource:
NPTEL
Computer
Networks
And
Internet
Protocols,
IIT
Kharagpur

23. 23
Data Transfer Between Two Remote
Machines
Dr. G. Balamurugan
Department of Electronics Engineering, MIT Campus
Picture
Resource:
NPTEL
Computer
Networks
And
Internet
Protocols,
IIT
Kharagpur

24. 24
Data Transfer Between Two Remote
Machines
Dr. G. Balamurugan
Department of Electronics Engineering, MIT Campus
Picture
Resource:
NPTEL
Computer
Networks
And
Internet
Protocols,
IIT
Kharagpur

25. 25
Some Facts
Dr. G. Balamurugan
Department of Electronics Engineering, MIT Campus
Picture
Resource:
NPTEL
Computer
Networks
And
Internet
Protocols,
IIT
Kharagpur
1994 – Hotmail starts web
based email
1995 – Java source code
was released
1998 – Google is founded

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Dr. G. Balamurugan
Department of Electronics Engineering, MIT Campus