DEFINATION OF WATERSHED, OBJECTIVES OF WATERSHED MANAGEMENT,

1. WATERSHED MANAGEMENT

2. • A watershed is an area of a land, such as a mountain or valley ,
which collects rainwater into a common outlet.
• It is an area where the water from rainfall and snowfall is
drained to a common point.
• we may say it as catchment, catchment area, catchment basin,
river basin and water basin.
• acts as a funnel by collecting all the water with in the area
covered by the watershed channeling it to a single point

3. WATERSHED DEVELOPMENT CONCEPT
 conservation and the judicious use of all the
resources – natural (land, water, plants,
animals)and human within the watershed area in an
integrated manner.
 development tries to bring about best possible
balance in the environment between natural
resources and living organisms.

4. • Human resources development.
• Soil and land management .
• Crop management .
• Afforestation or establishment of forest.
• Pasture / fodder development.
• Live stock management.
• Rural energy management .
Components of watershed development:-

5. Classification of watershed :-
The watershed is classified mainly in two types:-
•Macro watershed(400-2000 ha.) 4- 20 sq.km
•Micro watershed (less than 400 ha) ˂ 4 sq.km

6. •Sub - watershed (10000-50000 ha) 100 – 500 sq.km
•Multi – watershed (1000-10000 ha) 10-100 sq.km
•Mini – watershed (1-100 ha) less than 1 sq.km
Some other types of watersheds are

7. Objectives of watershed management :-
•Utilizing the land according to its capability.
•Putting adequate vegetal cover on the soil during rainy season.
•Draining out excess water with a safe velocity and delivering it to
storage ponds avoiding situations of hazards and store it for further
use for supplemental irrigation during stress periods.
•Avoiding gully formation and putting checks a suitable intervals to
control soil erosion and recharge ground water.
•Increase in the employment opportunities of the people.

8. •Increasing cropping intensity and land equivalent ratio through
intercropping and sequence cropping.
•Improving infrastructural facilities with regards to storage
transportation and marketing.
•Improving the socio – economic status of the farmers.
•To moderate the floods peaks at down stream areas.
•To increase infiltration of rain water.
•To manage and utilize the runoff water for useful purpose.
•To enhance the ground water recharge , wherever applicable.