Freshman power-point Sept. 12

1. Foundation English
- Adjectives I -
Dr Pramela Krish
pramela@ukm.my
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2. What Is An Adjective?
An adjective modifies a noun or a pronoun by
describing, identifying, or quantifying words.
An adjective usually precedes the noun or the
pronoun which it modifies.
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3. Adjectives
 A describing word
 Tell us something about a person, place or thing
 It modify nouns – making meaning more specific
 Adds information – size, colour, age, material and other
attributes and qualities
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4. Examples of adjectives
The truck-shaped balloon floated over the
treetops.
Jen papered her kitchen walls with lovely
wall paper.
The hall was dark and dusty.
Many stores have already begun to sell
interesting Christmas gifts.
The back room was filled with large
yellow pails.
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5. Adjectives are identified by
their endings (suffixes)
 - al, bridal
 - able, debatable
 - ible, flexible
 -ic, heroic
 - ical,
 - ish, foolish
 - ed, interested
 - ing, interesting
 - ive, attractive
 - less, colourless
 - ous, joyous
 - y, cloudy
 - ful, playful
 - ese, Japanese
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6. Types of adjectives
Attributive adjectives come before the noun
 A red scarf
 An honest man
 The bridal suite
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7. Predicative adjectives come after the noun and a linking
verb - be, become, get, seemed
 The scarf is pink.
 He is honest.
 That patient seemed nervous.
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8.  He said she was open to suggestions
 I reckon he is capable of handling the project.
*After a verb and never
immediately after the noun
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9. Postpositive adjectives come immediately after the
modified noun
 Attorney general
 Governor General
 Princess Royal
*Sometimes classified as compound nouns
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10. Identify -
Attributive/Predicative/Postpositive
 1. The green door opened slowly.
 2. This stretch of water is dangerous.
 3. The share-holders present voted against the
Chairman.
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11.  4. Jan feels ill.
 5. A larger than normal pay increase was awarded to
teachers.
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12. Feedback
 ATTRIBUTIVE adjectives come before the
noun which they modify. In this exercise,
there are two attributive adjectives -
green (1) and larger (5). Sentence 5 is a
bit difficult, because larger is separated
from the noun by than normal. But it still
comes before the noun, so it is an
attributive adjective.
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13. Qualitative adj - describes person or thing in terms of
qualities comparative/superlative
Size, shape, character
Age
This adjective is gradable
E.g. Tall, taller, tallest
Beautiful, more beautiful, most beautiful
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14. pkrish
Colour adjectives - specify colour of things
 A yellow shirt with black stripes
Qualitative adjectives – bright, dark, light, –to show
strength and intensity of the colour
 Bake the cake until it turns light brown
 She is using a bright red scarf

15. Compound qualitative adjectives
 Good-looking
 Tongue-tied
 Sun-tanned
* Look up for more examples to discuss
during your tutorial. You may include new
ones in your online discussion.
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16.  Qualitative adjectives also express speaker/writer’s
opinion
 Strong feelings - absolute rubbish
 - total bliss
 I think that dress is beautiful
 It was an exciting trip
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17. Interrogative adjective (which or what) is like an
interrogative pronoun, except that it modifies a noun or
noun phrase rather than standing on its own (see also
demonstrative adjectives and possessive adjectives):
 Which plants should be watered twice a week?
 What book are you reading?
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18. demonstrative adjectives
this, these, that, those, and what are identical to the
demonstrative pronouns, but are used as adjectives to
modify nouns or noun phrases, as in the following
sentences:
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19. Examples
When the librarian tripped over that
cord, she dropped a pile of books.
In this sentence, the demonstrative
adjective that modifies the noun cord
This apartment needs to be fumigated.
Here this modifies apartment and the
noun phrase
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20. Demonstrative adjectives
This/That/These/Those
 SPACE
 That picture on the wall is interesting.
 This button on my shirt is loose.
 I like these shoes that I am wearing.
 Those men across the street are plumbers.
 TIME
 This afternoon I will sleep.
 That afternoon last year was long.
 Those years were fun when I was a kid.
 These years right now are the best of my
life.
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21. Adjectives II
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22. Adjectives look similar but
have different meanings
 -ing and -ed
 The film was boring. Everyone in the cinema was bored.
 Collecting autographs is interesting. Li Min is interested
in collecting autographs from singers
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23. Verbs of emotion can become Adjectives
by adding -ed or -ing
Sample verbs of emotion
 Amuse
 Irritate
 Comfort
 Fascinate
 Puzzle
 Amaze
 Captivate
 Confuse
 Shock
 Intrigue
 Disappoint
 Satisfy
 Annoy
 Surprise
 Depress
 Excite
 Frustrate
 Bore
 Tire
 Interest
 exhaust
 Aggravate
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24.  Wendy was _______ in that book.
 I was ______ by my old job.
 My old job was ________. It was hard but fun.
 He was _____ by the low turn-out.
 My cat's behavior is often ______ to me.
 The teacher was ______ with her students' work.

The little boy was _______ by the scary movie.

The movie was ______ because it had many horrible, evil
monsters in it.
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25. The -ed ending modifiers are often
accompanied by prepositions (these are
not the only choices):
 We were amazed at all the circus animals.
 We were amused by the clowns.
 We were annoyed by the elephants.
 We were bored by the ringmaster.
 I was embarrassed by my brother.
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26.  We were exhausted from all the excitement.
 We were excited by the lion-tamer.
 We were excited about the high-wire act, too.
 We were frightened by the lions.
 We were introduced to the ringmaster.
 We were interested in the tent.
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27.  We were confused by the noise.

 We were disappointed by the motorcycle daredevils.
 We were disappointed in their performance.
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28.  My mother was irritated by the heat.
 We were satisfied with the UKM choir during the recent
convocation ceremony.
 We were shocked at the level of noise in that shopping
complex.
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29.  We were surprised by the fans' response.
 We were surprised at their indifference.
 We were tired of all the lights after a while.
 We were worried about the traffic leaving the parking
lot.
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30. pkrish
Position of the adjectives
opinion +age +colour +origin +purpos
e
+NOUN
a talented young Malaysian footballer
new red Italian racing car
the playful black kitten
a huge Japanese sumo wrestler
our successful hiking trip

31. http://depts.gallaudet.edu/englishw
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32. Exercise
 1. Those are probably the ___________ curtains in the
store.
fancyest
fanciest
most fanciest
 2. Uncle Carl is really ______________________ man.
an old sweet
a sweet, old
a sweet old
 3. The Karmen-Ghia used to be _________________
sportscar.
a fine German
a German, fine
a fine, German
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33.  4. Everyone was home for the holidays. What could make
for ___________ Christmas than that?
a merryer
the merriest
a merrier
 5. They grew up in ___________________ house in
Mexico City.
a comfortable, little
a little, comfortable
a comfortable little
 6. Diehard is the ____________ movie I've ever seen.
most excited
most exciting
most exciteable
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34.  7. Tashonda wanted to take a course with
_____________________ professor.
that interesting new Japanese economics
that Japanese interesting, new economics
that interesting, new, Japanese, economics
 8. Of all the mechanics in the shop, Jerzy is surely
______________ .
the less competent.
the least competent.
the competentest.
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35. pkrish
 9. In the fall, the valleys tend to be ___________ than the
hilltops.
foggy
more foggier
foggier
 10. My cold is definitely _________ this morning.
worse
worst
worser

36.  Blue, brown, orange and pink soft-looking feathers
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37.  Unique and exotic feather earrings
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38.  Fun and scrumptious-looking candy covered apples
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39. Thank You
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