Visual programming (pemrograman visual) adalah pendekatan dalam pemrograman komputer yang memungkinkan pengguna untuk membuat program melalui antarmuka grafis yang intuitif dan mudah digunakan. Dalam pemrograman visual, pengguna menggambar diagram atau ikon yang merepresentasikan operasi atau fungsi yang ingin dilakukan oleh program, lalu menghubungkannya dengan garis atau panah untuk membentuk alur logika.
Pemrograman visual memiliki beberapa keuntungan dibandingkan dengan pemrograman teks tradisional. Pertama, pemrograman visual lebih mudah dipelajari oleh pemula karena antarmuka grafis yang intuitif. Kedua, pemrograman visual dapat membantu pengguna memvisualisasikan alur program secara keseluruhan, sehingga memudahkan pengguna untuk memahami bagaimana program bekerja. Ketiga, pemrograman visual dapat mempercepat proses pengembangan program karena menghilangkan kebutuhan untuk mengetik kode secara manual.
Contoh dari bahasa pemrograman visual termasuk Scratch, Blockly, dan LabVIEW.
2. PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES
Programming languages are used to convert sets of instructions
into a vocabulary that a computer can understand.
The goal is to compile instructions into a format that will allow
the computer to complete a specific task
4. FIRST-
GENERATION
LANGUAGES
Machine language:
Consists of binary numbers (0s and 1s)
Is the earliest programming language
Is the only language the computer
understands without translation
Is machine dependent Each family of
processors has its own machine language
SLIDE 4
5. SECOND-
GENERATION
LANGUAGES
Assembly language:
Resembles machine language
Is a low-level language
Uses brief abbreviations for program
instructions.
Abbreviations are called mnemonics
A program is written in source code (text file)
and translated into machine language by an
assembler
SLIDE 5
6. THIRD-
GENERATI
ON
LANGUAGE
S
Procedural languages:
Are high-level languages that tell the
computer what to do and how to do it
Create programs at a high level of
abstraction
Are easier to read, write, and maintain
than machine and assembly languages
Use a compiler or interpreter to translate
code
Fortran and COBOL are third-
generation languages
8. THIRD-
GENERATI
ON
LANGUAGE
S
(CONTINU
ED)
Modular programming languages:
Were developed because of problems in
structured programming languages
Are used to create programs that are
divided into separate modules
Each module carries out a special function
Require specified input to produce
specified output
9. FOURTH-
GENERATI
ON
LANGUAGE
S
Types of fourth-generation languages
include:
Report generators
Languages for printing database reports
Query languages
Languages for getting information out of databases
Fourth-generation languages are
nonprocedural
They do not force programmers to follow
procedures to produce results
11. OBJECTS
Objects are units of information that contain data as well as
methods that process and manipulate the data
Classes of objects:
Hierarchy or category of objects
Objects at the top of the category are broader in scope than
the subclass objects
Inheritance refers to an object’s capacity to “pass on” its
characteristics to its subclasses
SLIDE 12
12. Sample Cobol program
COMMON BUSINESS-ORIENTED LANGUAGE
(COBOL)
COBOL:
The earliest (1959) high-level
language
The most widely used business
language
A proven way to do accounting,
inventory, billing, and payroll
Requires programmers to
explain what the program is
doing at each step
13. Sample Fortran program
FORMULA TRANSLATOR
(FORTRAN)
Fortran:
Began in the 1950s
Is suited to scientific,
mathematical, and
engineering applications
Is used to solve complex
equations
Features simplicity,
economy, and ease of
use
14. Sample BASIC program
BEGINNER’S ALL-PURPOSE
SYMBOLIC
INSTRUCTION CODE (BASIC)
BASIC:
An easy-to-use language available on
personal computers
Widely taught in schools as a
beginner’s programming language
Designed as an interpreted language
15. VISUAL BASIC (VB)
Visual Basic:
Is widely used in program
development packages
Uses event-driven programming
Enables the programmer to develop
an application by using on-screen
graphical user interfaces
Sample Visual Basic
16. Sample Pascal program
PASCAL
Pascal:
Is named after Blaise Pascal
Encourages programmers to
write well-structured programs
Widely accepted as a teaching
language
Has been updated to reflect
new approaches to
programming
17. SLIDE 18
Sample C program
C
C:
Was developed by AT&T’s Bell
Labs in the 1970s
Combines high-level
programming language with
assembly language
Programmers manipulate bits of
data within a processing unit
20. SLIDE 21
JAVA
Java:
Developed by Sun Microsystems
An object-oriented, high-level programming language with a twist
First true cross-platform programming language
Gained acceptance faster than any other programming language
A simplified version of C++
21. JAVA
Java, continued :
Java is designed to run on any computer
platform
Java Virtual Machine enables cross-
platform use
Java applets or small programs are
downloaded to computers through networks
Weaknesses include:
The security risk in downloading applets
The speed in running the programs
Sample Java program
22. WEB-BASED LANGUAGES
Markup languages:
Hypertext markup language (HTML) sets the attributes of text and objects within a Web
page
Extensible markup language (XML) is used for sharing data and objects in a Web
environment
Scripting languages:
VBScript is used to write short programs (scripts) that are embedded in Web pages
JavaScript is used to write scripts on Web pages
Visual Studio .NET:
Used for the development of scripts and programs that are accessible from the Web
23. THE PROGRAM
DEVELOPMENT LIFE
CYCLE (PDLC)
The PDLC was introduced in the 1970s to address problems in
creating programs
It provides an organized plan for breaking down the task of program
development into manageable parts
Six phases of the PDLC:
1. Defining the problem
2. Designing the program
3. Coding the program
4. Testing and debugging the program
5. Formalizing the solution
6. Implementing and maintaining the program
24. WHAT IS
VISUAL PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE ?
Any language that uses the graphics or blocks that are already defined with the
code
You just need to use those blocks without worrying about the lines of code
In regular programming language, when we have to write the lines of code to
perform the specific task like in C or C++, you have to write the complete text
using syntax and functions of that language
In visual programming language this task is replaced by graphics or
blocks like components then can be joined logically to perform the task
25. VISUAL AND REGULAR
PROGRAMMING
LANGUAGE?
Visual Programming language lets the user think in a logical
manner
Regular programming language the user has to think about that
how we can explain the program to the computer
26. EXAMPLES OF VISUAL
PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE
Scratch: With the help of this
language users can create,
stories, games, and
animations without writing
any lines of code in this you
just have to create the logic
and assemble the blocks.
Blockly: Used to create block-
based programming
language and editors,
and also to generate code
from blocks to javascript,
lua, dart python and PHP,
etc.
mBlock language: It is used in
programming robots.
Bubble language: It is used to
create web applications.
Minibloq language: It is used
as a graphical programming
environment for Arduino.
30. APPLICATIONS OF VISUAL PROGRAMMING
LANGUAGE
• Multimedia: VPL helps users create multimedia without worrying
about the real code or other complex features. It narrows down to
specific functions and with the help of those functions,
multimedia is created.
• Educational : Scratch VPL, etc are used to help students in their
projects and make them familiar with the coding.
• VideoGames: VPL helps to create the videogames without writing
lines of codes Ex- Scratch VPL is used to make videogames
VPL can be used in multiple domains like multimedia, educational purpose, video games,
automation, simulation, data warehouse, business intelligence, etc.
31. ADVANTAGES OF VISUAL
PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE
These languages are
easy to learn and use.
01
These languages
provide many built-in
objects that can be
used in developing new
programs.
02
It is a beginner-friendly
also anyone will be able
to derive the logic
without worrying about
writing lines of code
03
Adding a user-specific
code is also available
and simple as it allows
to create of blocks as
per the convenience of
the user
04
32. DISADVANTAG
ES OF VISUAL
PROGRAMMIN
G LANGUAGE
• These languages require more memory as they
use graphics, as a result, their execution is
also slow and a large amount of memory is
occupied by them.
• They can only work in an operating system like
windows, mac, or any other operating system
which supports graphics.
• Only limited functions are present in these
languages.
• Sometimes the inbuilt functions are not
enough so you have to add your custom code
as a result it's complicated.
• For long term VPL may be tedious because the
commands are limited
• As a computer engineer, it is not a good idea to
use VPL as most of the tech companies work
on textual languages like JAVA, HTML, etc,
rather than VPL.
33. CONCLUSION
Regular and Visual Programming Languages
are both trending.
Visual programming languages
are parts of regular languages
according to their functions and blocks.
Visual Programming Languages
are easier to learn and use.
Despite its limitations, the challenge is how to make VPL as
powerful as a regular language?
34. REFERENCES
1. Visual programming language, From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
2. https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/introduction-to-visual-programming-language
3. https://aneeshbond.com/visual-programming-languages-the-pros-and-cons-of-visual-programming-languages
4. https://developers.google.com/blockly
5. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First-generation_programming_language
6. Trends of the most used software and programming languages in Architectural
design, Published on November 22, 2019
7. A Survey on Visual Programming Languages in Internet of Things Partha Pratim Ray, Department of Computer
Applications, Sikkim University, Gangtok, Sikkim 737102, India
8. VEXcode VR, Vr.Vex.Com
9. TinkerCad.com