Acute Appendicitis

1. ACUTE APPENDICITIS
BY,
THAWFEEQ AHMAD.K.MF
IV-PHARM. D
THANTHAI ROEVER COLLEGE OF PHARMACY

2.  Acute appendicitis is the sudden and severe inflammation of the
appendix.
 It can cause pain in the abdomen, and this pain may occur quickly and
worsen within hours.
 The appendix is a narrow tube that attaches to the large intestine. It is
located in the lower righthand side of the abdomen.
 Any blockage or inflammation affecting the appendix can lead to
swelling, causing acute appendicitis.

4. SYMPTOMS:
IN ADULTS:
 Pain around the belly button, which
may move to the lower righthand
side of the abdomen
 A swollen abdomen
 Vomiting
 Loss of appetite
 Constipaton or diarrhea
 Difficulty in passing gas
IN CHILDREN:
 General discomfort or malaise
 Loss of appetite
 Abdominal pain, which may move to
the lower righthand side of the
abdomen
 Nausea and vomiting
 Low grade fever
 An increased heart rate

5. CAUSES:
 A viral, bacterial, or parasitic infection in the digestive tract, which can
enlarge the tissue of the appendix wall
 Stools causing a blockage in the tube between the large intestine and
the appendix
 Tumors
 Inflammatory bowel disease
 Injury or trauma to the abdomen

6. DIAGNOSIS:
 A blood test
 A urine test
 An abdominal USG
 A CT scan
 An MRI scan

7. TREATMENT:
 For acute appendicitis, people will need immediate surgery to remove
the appendix.
 In some cases, antibiotics may be enough to cure mild cases of acute
appendicitis.
 Without prompt treatment, acute appendicitis can cause the appendix
to burst.
 This can lead to a condition called peritonitis.

8. DRUGS CLASSES CHILD DOSE ADULT DOSE
Ertapenem Carbapenems • (3M-12Y)–15 mg/kg
IV BID
• 12Y and older-1 g/day
1 g every 24 hours
Meropenem Carbapenems 20 mg/kg IV every 8
hours
1 g every 8 hours
Piperacillin-Tazobactam Penicillins
200-300 mg/kg/day of
pipercillin component
3.375 g every 6 hours
(dosage may be
increased to 3.375 g
every 4 hours or 4.5 g
every 6 hours)
Cefepime+
Metronidazole
Cephalosporins+
Anti-H. pylori drugs
100 mg/kg/day divided
every 12 hours+30-40
mg/kg/day divided
every 8 hours
500 mg every 8-12
hours or 1500 mg every
24 hours
1.ANTIBIOTICS:

9. DRUGS CLASSES CHILD DOSE ADULT DOSE
Imipenem-Cilastatin Carbapenems 60-100 mg/kg/day
divided every 6 hours
500 mg every 6 hours or
1 g every 8 hours
Cefoxitin Cephalosporins - 2 g every 6 hours
Tigecycline Tetracyclines - 100 mg initial dose, then
50 mg every 12 hours
Moxifloxacin Fluoroquinolones - 400 mg every 24 hours
Cefotaxime+
Metronidazole
Cephalosporins+
Anti-H. pylori drugs
150-200 mg/kg/day
divided every 6-8
hours+30-40
mg/kg/day divided
every 8 hours
1-2 g every 6-8
hours+500 mg every 8-
12 hours or 1500 mg
every 24 hours

10. 2.SURGERY:
There are two types of surgery to remove appendix:
I. OPEN APPENDECTOMY-A cut or incision about 2-4 inches long is made
in the lower righthand side of the abdomen. The appendix is taken out
through the incision.
II. LAPAROSCOPIC APPENDECTOMY-This method is less invasive. It is done
without a large incision. Instead, from 1 to 3 tiny cuts are made. A long,
thin tube called a laparoscope is put into one of the incisions. It has a
tiny video camera and surgical tools. The surgeon looks at a TV monitor
to see inside the abdomen and guide the tools. The appendix is
removed through one of the incisions.

13. THANK YOU